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( Dan Bi Lee ),( Young Hwa Chung ),( Sae Hwan Lee ),( Yoon Seon Lee ),( Don Lee ),( Jeong Eun Hwang ),( Kang Mo Kim ),( Young Suk Lim ),( Han Chu Lee ),( Eun Sil Yu ),( Young Sang Lee ),( Dong Jin Suh 대한소화기학회 2007 Gut and Liver Vol.1 No.1
Background/Aims: The authors examined whether the response to interferon (IFN) therapy can affect the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients. Methods: Out of 353 biopsy-proven CHB patients, 229 (65%) were treated with IFN-α for 6 to 12 months. They were followed for a median period of 75 months (range, 6-120). In patients treated with IFN, biochemical and virologic responses were evaluated at the end of treatment (EOT). The cumulative incidence rates of HCC were calculated and analyzed in relation to baseline characteristics as well as biochemical and virologic responses to IFN therapy. Results: The overall cumulative incidence of HCC was 0%, 0.8%, 3.7% and 5.5% at 3, 5, 7 and 8 years, respectively. Age, serum AFP levels and the stage of fibrosis were significantly associated with the occurrence of HCC. As a whole, IFN therapy did not affect the occurrence of HCC. Among the patients treated with IFN, biochemical responders had low HCC incidence rates compared with non-responders (p=0.018). However, the HCC incidence rates of virologic responders were not different from non-responders (p=0.203). Conclusions: Biochemical rather than virologic response to IFN therapy may be more closely associated with decrease of HCC incidence in CHB patients. (Gut and Liver 2007;1:49-55)
Peptidomics analysis of enzymatic hydrolysis beef
Dan Qin,Liping Wang,Rui Fang,Ziteng Yu,Li Mo,Min Liu 한국식품과학회 2022 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.31 No.10
In this study, we investigated the changes in the composition of peptides during the digestion of tenderized beef treated with commercial proteinase K, flavourzyme, and bromelain. The degree of hydrolysis (DH) values before and after simulating gastric digestion were highest with proteinase K treatment. In the proteinase K-treated sample, the highest number of missing peptides was identified after gastrointestinal digestion. Additionally, the maximum number of new peptides was identified during gastric digestion. The flavourzyme is the only exopeptidase among the three enzymes, and the sample treated with it could produce more unique peptides after gastrointestinal digestion. Enzymatic tenderization altered the peptide composition and bioactivity of beef proteins during gastrointestinal digestion. The number of peptides, as well as unique peptides in the protease-treated sample, were more than those in control through gastric digestion. In contrast, the opposite was observed post gastrointestinal digestion.
An Overview of Biomaterials in Periodontology and Implant Dentistry
Cho, Young-Dan,Seol, Yang-Jo,Lee, Yong-Moo,Rhyu, In-Chul,Ryoo, Hyun-Mo,Ku, Young Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2017 Advances In Materials Science And Engineering Vol.2017 No.1
<P>Material is a crucial factor for the restoration of the tooth or periodontal structure in dentistry. Various biomaterials have been developed and clinically applied for improved periodontal tissue regeneration and osseointegration, especially in periodontology and dental implantology. Furthermore, the biomimetic approach has been the subject of active research in recent years. In this review, the most widely studied biomaterials (bone graft material, barrier membrane, and growth or differentiation factors) and biomimetic approaches to obtain optimal tissue regeneration by making the environment almost similar to that of the extracellular matrix are discussed and specifically highlighted.</P>
Transcriptomics and methylomics in chronic periodontitis with tobacco use: a pilot study
Cho, Young-Dan,Kim, Pil-Jong,Kim, Hong-Gee,Seol, Yang-Jo,Lee, Yong-Moo,Ku, Young,Rhyu, In-Chul,Ryoo, Hyun-Mo BioMed Central 2017 CLINICAL EPIGENETICS Vol.9 No.1
<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Accumulating evidence suggests that tobacco smoking affects the susceptibility to and severity of chronic periodontitis. Epigenetics may explain the role of smoking in the development and progress of periodontal disease. In this study, we performed transcriptomic and methylomic analyses of non-periodontitis and periodontitis-affected gingival tissues according to smoking status.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>Human gingival tissues were obtained from 20 patients, including non-smokers with and without periodontitis (<I>n</I> = 5 per group) and smokers with and without periodontitis (<I>n</I> = 5 per group). Total RNA and genomic DNA were isolated, and their quality was validated according to strict standards. The Illumina NextSeq500 sequencing system was used to generate transcriptome and methylome datasets.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Comprehensive analysis, including between-group correlation, differential gene expression, DNA methylation, gene set enrichment, and protein-protein interaction, indicated that smoking may change the transcription and methylation states of extracellular matrix (ECM) organization-related genes, which exacerbated the periodontal condition.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Our results suggest that smoking-related changes in DNA methylation patterns and subsequent alterations in the expression of genes coding for ECM components may be causally related to the increased susceptibility to periodontitis in smokers as they could influence ECM organization, which in turn may have an effect on disease characteristics.</P><P><B>Electronic supplementary material</B></P><P>The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13148-017-0381-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.</P>
Cho, Young-Dan,Yoon, Won-Joon,Kim, Woo-Jin,Woo, Kyung-Mi,Baek, Jeong-Hwa,Lee, Gene,Ku, Young,van Wijnen, Andre J.,Ryoo, Hyun-Mo American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Bi 2014 The Journal of biological chemistry Vol.289 No.29
<P>Mesenchymal cells alter and retain their phenotype during skeletal development through activation or suppression of signaling pathways. For example, we have shown that Wnt3a only stimulates osteoblast differentiation in cells with intrinsic osteogenic potential (<I>e.g.</I> MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblasts) and not in fat cell precursors or fibroblasts (3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes or NIH3T3 fibroblasts, respectively). Wnt3a promotes osteogenesis in part by stimulating autocrine production of the osteoinductive ligand Bmp2. Here, we show that the promoter regions of the genes for <I>Bmp2</I> and the osteoblast marker <I>Alp</I> are epigenetically locked to prevent their expression in nonosteogenic cells. Both genes have conserved CpG islands that exhibit increased CpG methylation, as well as decreased acetylation and increased methylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3-K9) specifically in nonosteogenic cells. Treatment of pre-adipocytes or fibroblasts with the CpG-demethylating agent 5′-aza-2′-deoxycytidine or the histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin-A renders <I>Bmp2</I> and <I>Alp</I> responsive to Wnt3a. Hence, drug-induced epigenetic activation of <I>Bmp2</I> gene expression contributes to Wnt3a-mediated direct trans-differentiation of pre-adipocytes or fibroblasts into osteoblasts. We propose that direct conversion of nonosteogenic cells into osteoblastic cell types without inducing pluripotency may improve prospects for novel epigenetic therapies to treat skeletal afflictions.</P>
Comparison of the Osteogenic Potential of Titanium and Modified Zirconia-Based Bioceramics
Cho, Young-Dan,Shin, Ji-Cheol,Kim, Hye-Lee,Gerelmaa, Myagmar,Yoon, Hyung-In,Ryoo, Hyun-Mo,Kim, Dae-Joon,Han, Jung-Suk Molecular Diversity Preservation International (MD 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.15 No.3
<P>Zirconia is now favored over titanium for use in dental implant materials because of its superior aesthetic qualities. However, zirconia is susceptible to degradation at lower temperatures. In order to address this issue, we have developed modified zirconia implants that contain tantalum oxide or niobium oxide. Cells attached as efficiently to the zirconia implants as to titanium-based materials, irrespective of surface roughness. Cell proliferation on the polished surface was higher than that on the rough surfaces, but the converse was true for the osteogenic response. Cells on yttrium oxide (Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>)/tantalum oxide (Ta<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>)- and yttrium oxide (Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>)/niobium oxide (Nb<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>5</SUB>)-containing tetragonal zirconia polycrystals (TZP) discs ((Y, Ta)-TZP and (Y, Nb)-TZP, respectively) had a similar proliferative potential as those grown on anodized titanium. The osteogenic potential of MC3T3-E1 pre-osteoblast cells on (Y, Ta)-TZP and (Y, Nb)-TZP was similar to that of cells grown on rough-surface titanium. These data demonstrate that improved zirconia implants, which are resistant to temperature-induced degradation, retain the desirable clinical properties of structural stability and support of an osteogenic response.</P>