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- 저자 : Clegg, William (검색결과 11 건)
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Creating damage tolerant intersections in composite structures using tufting and 3D woven connectors
Clegg, Harry M.,Dell'Anno, Giuseppe,Partridge, Ivana K. Techno-Press 2019 Advances in aircraft and spacecraft science Vol.6 No.2
As the industrial desire for a step change in productivity within the manufacture of composite structures increases, so does the interest in Through-Thickness Reinforcement technologies. As manufacturers look to increase the production rate, whilst reducing cost, Through-Thickness Reinforcement technologies represent valid methods to reinforce structural joints, as well as providing a potential alternative to mechanical fastening and bolting. The use of tufting promises to resolve the typically low delamination resistance, which is necessary when it comes to creating intersections within complex composite structures. Emerging methods include the use of 3D woven connectors, and orthogonally intersecting fibre packs, with the components secured by the selective insertion of microfasteners in the form of tufts. Intersections of this type are prevalent in aeronautical applications, as a typical connection to be found in aircraft wing structures, and their intersections with the composite skin and other structural elements. The common practice is to create back-to-back composite "L's", or to utilise a machined metallic connector, mechanically fastened to the remainder of the structure. 3D woven connectors and selective Through-Thickness Reinforcement promise to increase the ultimate load that the structure can bear, whilst reducing manufacturing complexity, increasing the load carrying capability and facilitating the automated production of parts of the composite structure. This paper provides an overview of the currently available methods for creating intersections within composite structures and compares them to alternatives involving the use of 3D woven connectors, and the application of selective Through-Thickness Reinforcement for enhanced damage tolerance. The use of tufts is investigated, and their effect on the load carrying ability of the structure is examined. The results of mechanical tests are presented for each of the methods described, and their failure characteristics examined.
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The Educator’s World-view, the Problem of Meta-Ontology, and a Covenant Ontology
( Daniel Clegg ) 경북대학교 중등교육연구소 2018 Asia Pacific Journal of Educational Research Vol.1 No.2
In replying to Rocha's (2018) arguments regarding the necessity of the teacher's world-view and the necessity of dealing with the ensuing metaphysical disputes in a diverse classroom, I formulate his concerns as an introduction to the problem of meta-ontology. Rocha recommends pragmatist methods to address metaphysical disputes that avoid this meta-ontology trap. I argue that these methods do not avoid this trap themselves. I explore the necessity of encountering other worldviews from within our own ― no metaphysical demand exists outside of one's ontology that can change it from the outside. Any such position would then require an expansion of that ontology itself or would propose a higher-order ontology. This changes the question from, does the teacher need to choose another world-view, to the question of, how do these encounters affect the teacher, given their world-view? In this vein, I will introduce a covenant ontology in which reality is manifold and accessible in particular domains through discipline. I argue that one's primary world-view tradition can be extended to a non-fascist teacher's world-view, specifically through integration of limits and humility. I argue that the world-views people start from, before they are taught out of them, are longer-standing cultural intellectual traditions ― and if we are talking about their mature versions ― have better chances of producing humble pluralist teachers than do relatively novel pluralist world-views.
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Ju, Huiyeong,Clegg, Jack K.,Park, Ki-Min,Lindoy, Leonard F.,Lee, Shim Sung American Chemical Society 2015 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.137 No.30
<P>The combination of the dicopper platform [Cu<SUB>2</SUB>(<B>L</B>)<SUB>2</SUB>(THF)<SUB>2</SUB>] (<B>1</B>·2THF), where H<SUB><B>2</B></SUB><B>L</B> is 1,1′-(1,3-phenylene)-bis-4,4-dimethylpentane-1,3-dione, and 1,4-bis(4-pyridyl)piperazine (bpp), afforded the first example of a one-dimensional polyrotaxane {[(<B>1</B>)(μ<SUB>2</SUB>-bpp)][(<B>1</B>)<SUB>2</SUB>(bpp)<SUB>2</SUB>]}<SUB><I>n</I></SUB> whose “<I>string</I>” and “<I>bead</I>” are constructed from the same components. The <I>bead</I> of stoichiometry [(<B>1</B>)<SUB>2</SUB>(bpp)<SUB>2</SUB>] has a large rectangular cavity of dimensions 7.40 × 15.64 Å and is threaded onto a stair-like <I>string</I> of composition [(<B>1</B>)(μ<SUB>2</SUB>-bpp)]<SUB><I>n</I></SUB>. The formation of the polyrotaxane is driven by π–π stacking between the <I>string</I> and the <I>beads</I> with precise electronic and steric complementarity between these components. A pathway for the formation of the polyrotaxane is proposed.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2015/jacsat.2015.137.issue-30/jacs.5b05770/production/images/medium/ja-2015-05770u_0008.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja5b05770'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
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Extra-spinal sciatica and sciatica mimics: a scoping review
Siddiq, Md Abu Bakar,Clegg, Danny,Hasan, Suzon Al,Rasker, Johannes J The Korean Pain Society 2020 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.33 No.4
Not all sciatica-like manifestations are of lumbar spine origin. Some of them are caused at points along the extra-spinal course of the sciatic nerve, making diagnosis difficult for the treating physician and delaying adequate treatment. While evaluating a patient with sciatica, straightforward diagnostic conclusions are impossible without first excluding sciatica mimics. Examples of benign extra-spinal sciatica are: piriformis syndrome, walletosis, quadratus lumborum myofascial pain syndrome, cluneal nerve disorder, and osteitis condensans ilii. In some cases, extra-spinal sciatica may have a catastrophic course when the sciatic nerve is involved in cyclical sciatica, or the piriformis muscle in piriformis pyomyositis. In addition to cases of sciatica with clear spinal or extra-spinal origin, some cases can be a product of both origins; the same could be true for pseudo-sciatica or sciatica mimics, we simply don't know how prevalent extra-spinal sciatica is among total sciatica cases. As treatment regimens differ for spinal, extra-spinal sciatica, and sciatica-mimics, their precise diagnosis will help physicians to make a targeted treatment plan. As published works regarding extra-spinal sciatica and sciatica mimics include only a few case reports and case series, and systematic reviews addressing them are hardly feasible at this stage, a scoping review in the field can be an eye-opener for the scientific community to do larger-scale prospective research.
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Interaction of copper(II) with N-substituted bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine derivatives
Kim, M.,Mora, C.,Lee, Y.H.,Clegg, J.K.,Lindoy, L.F.,Min, K.S.,Thuery, P.,Kim, Y. Elsevier 2010 Inorganic chemistry communications Vol.13 No.10
<P>Interaction of copper(II) with the N-substituted bis(2-pyridylmethyl)amine derivatives, (R)-N-1,N-1-bis (pyridine-2-ylmethyl)butane-1,2-diamine (L-1) and (R)-2-(bis(pyridin-2-ylmethyl)amino)butan-1-ol (L-2), has led to isolation of optically active [Cu(L-1)Cl]PF6 (1) and [Cu(L-2)Cl]ClO4 (2), respectively. The X-ray structures of (1) and (2) show that the copper is bound to all four heteroatoms of the respective ligands as well as to a chlorine atom in a distorted square pyramidal arrangement in which the three nitrogens of L-1 or L-2 occupy three positions of each basal plane while the fourth position is occupied by the chloro ligand; apical sites in each case are filled by the amine donor from the NH2-substituted butane arm in L-1 or the (protonated) alcohol oxygen of the 2-aminobutane-1-ol substituent in L-2. To a first approximation the coordination geometry in 2 is distorted square pyramidal; however, the remaining (axial) site on each copper centre is involved in a long contact (2.96 angstrom) with a bound chloro ligand from an adjacent complex which connects individual complex units in a zigzag 1-D polymeric chain, so that the coordination geometry could also be seen as pseudo-octahedral. A temperature-dependent magnetic study revealed the presence of ferromagnetic exchange coupling between copper centres in the chain reflecting the orthogonal structure between the chloro-bridged copper(II) ions; in contrast, and as expected, the discrete complex 1 is magnetically dilute. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>
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Wen Chung Hsu,Chengqi Wang,Jeremy Clegg 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2015 Global economic review Vol.44 No.3
This paper pursues the idea that the relationship between foreign and domestic investments may be not as uniform as many studies suggest. By examining the case of Taiwanese outward foreign direct investment (OFDI), this paper is marked out from existing studies in the following three respects. First, it examines the extent to which the relationship between OFDI and domestic investment varies with the location of investment. Second, this research allows the results to vary between Heckscher–Ohlin (H–O) industries and Schumpeter industries. Finally, its breakdown of data will reveal sub-relationships in the data that up to now have remained hidden within the aggregate relationships reported in most studies. This study suggests that OFDI in China has a positive impact on domestic investment in H–O industries, while OFDI in other countries (OFDIO) has a negative impact on domestic investment in the same industries. These findings are in marked contrast to Schumpeter industries where a positive effect is observed only for OFDIO. Our findings also suggest that the Taiwanese government should design policies to adjust the level of liberalisation for overseas investment through legislation on an industry-by-industry basis in order that OFDI stimulates domestic investment in relevant industries more effectively.
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Obesity and cancer—mechanisms underlying tumour progression and recurrence
Park, Jiyoung,Morley, Thomas S.,Kim, Min,Clegg, Deborah J.,Scherer, Philipp E. Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2014 Nature reviews. Endocrinology Vol.10 No.8
Over the past several years, the field of cancer research has directed increased interest towards subsets of obesity-associated tumours, which include mammary, renal, oesophageal, gastrointestinal and reproductive cancers in both men and women. The increased risk of breast cancer that is associated with obesity has been widely reported; this has drawn much attention and as such, warrants investigation of the key mechanisms that link the obese state with cancer aetiology. For instance, the obese setting provides a unique adipose tissue microenvironment with concomitant systemic endocrine alterations that favour both tumour initiation and progression. Major metabolic differences exist within tumours that distinguish them from non-transformed healthy tissues. Importantly, considerable metabolic differences are induced by tumour cells in the stromal vascular fraction that surrounds them. The precise mechanisms that underlie the association of obesity with cancer and the accompanying metabolic changes that occur in the surrounding microenvironment remain elusive. Nonetheless, specific therapeutic agents designed for patients with obesity who develop tumours are clearly needed. This Review discusses recent advances in understanding the contributions of obesity to cancer and their implications for tumour treatment.
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