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Monitoring of tall slender structures by GPS measurements
Chmielewski, Tadeusz,Breuer, Peter,Gorski, Piotr,Konopka, Eduard Techno-Press 2009 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.12 No.5
A method is applied for the estimation of structural damage of tall slender structures using natural frequency and displacements measurements by GPS. The relationship between the variation in the global stiffness matrix (or in the stiffness of each finite element) and the change in the natural frequencies of the structure is given. In engineering practice the number of frequencies which can be derived by GPS measurement of long-period structures will be equal to one, two or three first natural frequencies. This allows us in initial studies to detect damage with frequency changes based on forward methods in which the measured frequencies are compared with the predicted analytical data. This idea, of health monitoring from possible changes to natural frequencies, or from a statement of excessive displacements is applied to the Stuttgart TV Tower.
Monitoring of tall slender structures by GPS measurements
Tadeusz Chmielewski,Peter Breuer,Piotr Górski,Eduard Konopka 한국풍공학회 2009 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.12 No.5
A method is applied for the estimation of structural damage of tall slender structures using natural frequency and displacements measurements by GPS. The relationship between the variation in the global stiffness matrix (or in the stiffness of each finite element) and the change in the natural frequencies of the structure is given. In engineering practice the number of frequencies which can be derived by GPS measurement of longperiod structures will be equal to one, two or three first natural frequencies. This allows us in initial studies to detect damage with frequency changes based on forward methods in which the measured frequencies are compared with the predicted analytical data. This idea, of health monitoring from possible changes to natural frequencies, or from a statement of excessive displacements is applied to the Stuttgart TV Tower.
Gorski, Piotr,Chmielewski, Tadeusz Techno-Press 2008 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.11 No.2
The paper is concerned with a comparative study of both the along and cross-wind responses of a tall industrial chimney with and without flexibility of soil. The along-wind response has been estimated by means of approaches presented in three Standards: the Polish, the ISO and the Eurocode and by random vibration approach which is outlined below. The cross-wind response has been estimated by means of the three models developed by Vickery and Basu, Ruscheweyh and Flaga and methods presented in Standards: the Polish, the ISO and the Eurocode (Approach 1 and 2). Computer programmes were developed to obtain estimates of responses of a six-flue, 250 m-tall chimney. The analytical results computed according to the methods presented in different standards and random vibration approaches have been compared. Some unexpected conclusions have been observed.
Piotr Górski,Tadeusz Chmielewski 한국풍공학회 2008 Wind and Structures, An International Journal (WAS Vol.11 No.2
The paper is concerned with a comparative study of both the along and cross-wind responses of a tall industrial chimney with and without flexibility of soil. The along-wind response has been estimated by means of approaches presented in three Standards: the Polish, the ISO and the Eurocode and by random vibration approach which is outlined below. The cross-wind response has been estimated by means of the three models developed by Vickery and Basu, Ruscheweyh and Flaga and methods presented in Standards: the Polish, the ISO and the Eurocode (Approach 1 and 2). Computer programmes were developed to obtain estimates of responses of a six-flue, 250 m-tall chimney. The analytical results computed according to the methods presented in different standards and random vibration approaches have been compared. Some unexpected conclusions have been observed.
Majewski, Marcin A.,Chmielewski, Piotr J.,Chien, Alan,Hong, Yongseok,Lis, Tadeusz,Witwicki, Maciej,Kim, Dongho,Zimmerman, Paul M.,Stę,pień,, Marcin Royal Society of Chemistry 2019 Chemical science Vol.10 No.11
<▼1><P>A diindenophenanthrene biradicaloid, formally derived from Chichibabin's hydrocarbon, is obtained in a short, scalable synthesis.</P></▼1><▼2><P>A diindenophenanthrene biradicaloid, formally derived from Chichibabin's hydrocarbon, is obtained in a short, scalable synthesis. The present system is electron-rich and devoid of conjugated substituents, and still exhibits very good stability under ambient conditions. The introduction of the diindeno[1,2-<I>a</I>:2′,1′-<I>i</I>] phenanthrene ring framework results in a singlet biradicaloid system with an easily accessible triplet state (Δ<I>E</I><SUB>S–T</SUB> = –1.30 kcal mol<SUP>–1</SUP>) and a small electronic bandgap (1.39 V). The stability limits of the title hydrocarbon were explored systematically in the solid state, to reveal an unusual thermally initiated hydrogen-scrambling oligomerization process.</P></▼2>