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Hyeonju Lee,Chintalapalli Jyothi,Sungkeun Baang,Jin-Hyuk Kwon,Jin-Hyuk Bae 한국물리학회 2016 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.69 No.11
In this study, we investigate the morphological effect of solution-processed indium-zinc-oxide (InZnO) active layers on the electrical stability of InZnO thin-film transistors (TFTs). We first observe that in the spin-coating method, precursor agglomerates and aggregates remain on the substrates after spin coating an InZnO solution at a low spin speed, thereby causing particle-type morphological defects in the InZnO films. The morphological defects are proven to degrade the basic performance parameters of the InZnO TFTs, including the electrical current level, field-effect mobility, and threshold voltage. In addition, devices having morphological defects show a relatively large hysteresis in transfer characteristics compared to those without defects. In a test of the electrical stability over time, we determine that particle-type morphological defects cause a rapid increase in the conductivity of the InZnO films, which affects the variations in the saturation drain current and the threshold voltage.
Nam, Sanghun,Patil, Ashok Kumar,Patil, Shashidhar,Chintalapalli, Harinadha Reddy,Park, Kyoungju,Chai, Youngho SAGE Publications 2013 Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engin Vol.227 No.12
<P>A spatial modelling system with a new interface which is optimized for automotive design is proposed in the conceptual modelling phase. In the initial sketch stage to set the volume and the ratio of the car, the automotive styling is created using a two-dimensional plane sketch with an accurate input and a designer-friendly interface. The character lines, which have important implications in the design of the car, are drawn with a curve-based oversketch. The shape of the car is modified using area-based modification. A completed two-dimensional model consists of converting the character lines to a three-dimensional car model. In the three-dimensional spatial oversketch stage, the edge and mesh on the surface are deformed by viewing the three-dimensional shape of the vehicle with various views using a spatial input device and stereoscopic display. Edge-based deformation modifies single or multiple edges while maintaining continuity between the surfaces. A sculpting technique is applied to execute special shapes such as the accent lines and the strake lines. A sketch system which can be used by designers to perform three-dimensional spatial modelling is proposed.</P>