Globalization, Economic Growth and Institutional Development in China

Chien-Chiang Lee,Chi-Chuan Lee,Chun-Ping Chang 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2015 Global economic review Vol.44 No.1

Unlike most previous works which commonly define globalization as a strict economic characteristic, using the overall globalization index and its three sub-dimensions – economic, social and political integrations to proxy openness, this paper examines the effect of globalization on economic growth associated with autocratic institutional in China, using the a two-step dynamic panel generalized method of moments technique in a panel of 30 provinces, municipalities and the autonomous regions over the period of 1970–2006. We find that different globalization indices have different impacts on regional economic growth. Also, autocracy may harm regional development, but these conclusions are very sensitive to different globalization variables specifications. Further, considering the interactive effects between globalization and economic growth, we show that in the period of higher global integration, the higher democracy (lower autocracy) may harm economic growth in the case of China. We emphasize that democracy is clearly not a necessary condition for the purpose of economic growth in China.

Social Security Expenditure and GDP in OECD Countries: a Cointegrated Panel Analysis

Lee, Chien-Chiang,Chang, Chun-Ping 한국국제경제학회 2006 International Economic Journal Vol.20 No.3

A Re-examination of German Government Approval and Economic Performance: Is There a Stable Relationship between Them?

CHUN-PING CHANG,CHIEN-CHIANG LEE 한국국제경제학회 2010 International Economic Journal Vol.24 No.1

This paper studies the stability between the government approval and macroeconomic series for Germany during 1977-2004 allowing structural breaks. We first execute traditional cointegration tests without breaks, and the results reveal weak evidence of a link between the political and economic variables. However, using Hansen's (1992) tests for parameter instability suggest that such a relationship between politics and economy may be unstable. After allowing for the structural breaks in the series and conducting Gregory and Hansen's (1996) cointegration test, we find that a clear cointegrated relationship undoubtedly exists between approval rates and macroeconomics; we discover that some events indeed affect the government's popularity. Overall, once we locate structural breakpoints, such as when the West German government was succeeded by Helmut Kohl in 1982, then we begin to distinguish the actual cointegrated relationships between the approval rate of government and macroeconomics before and after the structural breakpoint.

Globalization, Real Output and Multiple Structural Breaks

CHUN-PING CHANG,CHIEN-CHIANG LEE,MENG-CHI HSIEH 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2011 Global economic review Vol.40 No.4

This paper adopts an advanced panel cointegration method which incorporates multiple structural breaks to examine the long-run relationship between real output (RGDP) and the Konjunkturforschungsstelle (KOF) index of globalization (overall and its three main subindices), employing annual data of G7 countries from 1970 to 2006. Our empirical findings provide strong evidence that overall globalization and its social dimension are cointegrated with RGDP, and most of the structural break points are discovered during the period of the oil crisis (the mid-1970s) and the process of European Union integration. In addition, in evaluating whether or not the structural breaks affect the RGDP through globalization, we discover that both the overall globalization index and the social globalization index have a directly positive impact on RGDP but indirectly exhibit negative impacts on real output via the channel of social globalization.

Globalization and Economic Growth: A Political Economy Analysis for OECD Countries

CHUN-PING CHANG,CHIEN-CHIANG LEE 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2010 Global economic review Vol.39 No.2

Globalization is commonly defined as a strict economic path by most previous works, but it is really a fuzzy concept with unrestrained dimensions. While the ideological location of an incumbent political party is a powerful predictor of its policy position, the role of a political party in the globalization-growth nexus has never been fully empirically investigated. By applying Pedroni’s panel cointegration technique instead of a time-series or traditional panel data approach, this paper aims to empirically re-examine the co-movement and the causal relationship among economic growth, the overall globalization index, and its three main dimensions* economic, social, as well as political integrations*by using panel data for 23 Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries for 1970 to 2006. Certainly, the political party variable is taken into account as the advanced test is promoted, and we finally discover that all variables move together in the long run. Based on the results of the panel causality test, though the evidence of short-run causality is very weak, it does show long-run unidirectional causality running from the overall index of globalization, economic globalization, and social globalization to growth. Finally, the critical role of the political party is deeply discussed in relation with our results.

Scaly Ear Rash as the Herald of a Young Girl with Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Ching-Fu Huang,Wei-Ming Wang,Chien-Ping Chiang 대한피부과학회 2011 Annals of Dermatology Vol.23 No.-

Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is an autoimmune-mediated multiorgan disease. The cutaneous manifestation is one of the most common initial presentations in JSLE. A typical lesion is a facial malar rash, but a patient may sometimes present with nonclassical lesions. Herein, we report two cases of JSLE with similar persistent scaly ear rashes as the heralding cutaneous symptom preceding systemic symptoms. Identifying this atypical and underestimated cutaneous rash in juvenile patients might help the clinician make the correct diagnosis and provide earlier intervention, which may help prevent disease progression. (Ann Dermatol 23(S3) S333∼S337, 2011)

Case Reports : Scaly Ear Rash as the Herald of a Young Girl with Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

( Ching Fu Huang ),( Wei Ming Wang ),( Chien Ping Chiang ) 대한피부과학회 2011 Annals of Dermatology Vol.23 No.3s

Juvenile systemic lupus erythematosus (JSLE) is an autoimmune- mediated multiorgan disease. The cutaneous manifestation is one of the most common initial presentations in JSLE. A typical lesion is a facial malar rash, but a patient may sometimes present with nonclassical lesions. Herein, we report two cases of JSLE with similar persistent scaly ear rashes as the heralding cutaneous symptom preceding systemic symptoms. Identifying this atypical and underestimated cutaneous rash in juvenile patients might help the clinician make the correct diagnosis and provide earlier intervention, which may help prevent disease progression. (Ann Dermatol 23(S3) S333~S337, 2011)

A Correlation between the Severity of Lung Lesions on Radiographs and Clinical Findings in Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome

Yung-Liang Wan,Pei-Kwei Tsay,Yun-Chung Cheung,Ping-Cherng Chiang,Chun-Hua Wang,Ying-Huang Tsai,Han-Ping Kuo,Kuo-Chien Tsao,Tzou-Yien Lin 대한영상의학회 2007 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.8 No.6

Objective: The purpose of this study was to quantify lesions on chest radiographs in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and analyze the severity of the lesions with clinical parameters. Materials and Methods: Two experienced radiologists reviewed chest radiographs of 28 patients with SARS. Each lung was divided into upper, middle, and lower zones. A SARS-related lesion in each zone was scored using a four-point scale: zero to three. The mean and maximal radiographic scores were analyzed statistically to determine if the scorings were related to the laboratory data and clinical course. Results: Forward stepwise multiple linear regression showed that the mean radiographic score correlated most significantly with the number of hospitalized days (p < 0.001). The second most significant factor was the absolute lymphocyte count (p < 0.001) and the third most significant factor was the number of days of intubation (p = 0.025). The maximal radiographic score correlated best with the percentage of lymphocytes in a leukocyte count (p < 0.001), while the second most significant factor was the number of hospitalized days (p < 0.001) and the third most significant factor was the absolute lymphocyte count (p = 0.013). The mean radiographic scores of the patients who died, with comorbidities and without a comorbidity were 11.1, 6.3 and 2.9, respectively (p = 0.032). The corresponding value for maximal radiographic scores were 17.7, 9.7 and 6.0, respectively (p = 0.033). Conclusion: The severity of abnormalities quantified on chest radiographs in patients with SARS correlates with the clinical parameters.