정보 통신 기술을 활용한 실과 교육 매체의 개발과 활용 방안

류청산 韓國實科敎育硏究學會 2001 實科敎育硏究 Vol.7 No.1

The purpose of this study were to be developed teaching materials and explored usage strategy for practical arts education used in information communication technology(ICT). The method of this study was performed to literature review, the major contents were displayed in the present condition of education used in domestic and foreign ICT, point to be duly considered before development teaching materials for ICT, the usage strategy of teaching materials, and the evaluation criteria of multimedia for practical arts education. The level of ICT was defined "everyone can be blessed with active, inventive life in knowledge and information society", the usage ability of ICT were displayed with five field which were classified the information ethics, computer literacy, the usage of software, computer communication, and synthetic activity. The ICT of USA for teacher is composed of five level which are the basic usage of computer, technology usage instruction, web page publishing for instruction, the organization and the usage of multimedia presentation, the usage of internet for teacher, and the usage of ICT in language, mathematics, science, society subject. The teaching materials of practical arts education used in ICT should be considered the limit of space, time, cost. And, it should be started in analysis of context which is difficult to teaching and learning. Image materials can be economized time, cost, effort throughout the usage of viewer program, movie materials is used of media player after editing, the materials for all around instruction is used of presentation program, the materials of individual and web based instruction is used of authoring tools and web editor. On the occasion of web based instruction, off line internet site can be used to keep up an intensive instruction.

실과교과서의 컴퓨터 관련 단원의 현장 적용방안

류청산 韓國實科敎育硏究學會 2003 實科敎育硏究 Vol.9 No.1

This study was performed to explore in the direction and the philosophical base on the computer relation unit of the practical arts subject in 21 century is called a knowledge foundation society, an information society, a brain center society. This study was reviewed on the curriculum of computer education in a view point of ICT usage education, computer education through practical arts subject, and computer education through special and discretion activity. Also, this study was analyzed the problem with the current situation of computer education in a view point of overlapping curriculum, inferior equipment environment, and teacher's ability on computer education. This study were done literature study mainly. The direction of the computer education in 21 century is as follows. First, a basic philosophy of computer education should be explored, I proposed 'Jang-in (artisan) spirit' to a basic philosophy of computer education as a suitable alternative in a brain center society. Second, computer education throughout practical arts subject should be consisted of skill, philosophy, and career guidance, harmonically, passing over the dimension of existing practical use education and computer literacy education. and it will be raised a basic ability to make up the quality of the life.

꽃을 소재로 한 인성교육 프로그램의 모형 개발

류청산 仁川敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 2003 과학교육논총 Vol.15 No.-

이 연구는 초등학생들이 꽃을 직접 가꾸는 과정을 통해서 좋은 인성을 함양할 수 있도록 해주는 인성교육 프로그램의 모형을 개발하는데 목적으로 수행되었으며, 주요 내용으로는 꽃이 아동의 인성에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 제 요인을 구명하였고, 인성의 변화를 측정할 수 있는 도구를 개발하였으며, 초등학교 교재 식물을 분석하였고, 식물의 특성과 꽃피는 시기 그리고 아동의 선호도 등을 고려하여 인성교육에 활용될 수 있는 꽃이나 식물을 선정하였다. 그리고 이상의 내용을 바탕으로 꽃을 소재로 한 인성교육 프로그램의 모형을 개발하였다. 이 연구의 방법은 문헌연구를 중심으로 추진하였으며, 조사연구를 병행하여 실시하였다. 조사 연구에 이용될 질문지는 최종적으로 20문항을 개발하였으며, 신뢰도 r=.7717로 도구로 사용하는 데는 무리가 없는 수준이었다. 이 때 이용된 신뢰도 공식은 Cronbach의 알파 공식을 이용하여 분석하고 산출하였으며, 요인분석도 병행하여 실시하였다. 이 연구의 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 꽃이 인성에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 제 요인으로는 낙천성, 인내심, 자율성, 성실성, 근면성, 안정성, 창의성, 우을증, 스트레스, 생명존중, 실용성, 식습관, 집중력, 계획성, 진실성 등이 선정되었으며, 이들 중 '안정성'이라는 인성 요인에 대한 검사 도구를 최종적으로 20문항 개발하여 예시하였다. 둘째, 인성교육에 활용될 수 있는 꽃은 탐구학습, 체험학습, 활용학습의 관점에서 계절별로 대표적인 꽃과 추천할 만한 꽃으로 각각 선정하였으며, 주변에서 쉽게 찾아볼 수 있는 식(약)용 식물을 선정하여 사상의학, 8체질 의학과 관련하여 제시하였다. 셋째, 꽃과 식물을 이용하는 학습활동을 계획할 때 유의해야 할 사항을 육하 원칙에 의거하여 제시하였으며, 인성요인의 변화를 위한 모형을 제시하였으며, 선정된 꽃을 소재로 한 인성교육용 수업계획의 사례를 탐구학습지 모형과 함께 제시하였다. This study was performed to cultivate good human nature through course which raises the flower or the plant, directly. The main contents of this study were to study and clarify the factor which the flower is influenced in the human nature of the child, to develop the scale in order to measure the change of personality, to analyze a textbook plant in primary school, to select the flower or the plant to be utilized for personality education that take into account the characteristic of the plant, the period of flower blooming, preference of child, and to develop the model of personality education program taking advantage of flower. This study were done survey research with literature study mainly. In Survey research, a questionnaire was developed by the research based on review of literature. It included a stability(20 items) of personal elements. The reliability of the scale was calculated by using Cronbach's □. It's coefficients was .7717 in stability. The statistical techniques used for the data analysis were reliability and factor analysis. The major finding of the study were as follows; First, the factor which the flower is influenced in the human nature of the child were optimism, patience, autonomy, sincerity, diligence, stability, ingenuity, melancholy, stress, respect life, practical use, eating habits, concentration, planning quality, and truth. Second, the flower to be utilized at personality education delimited by an observation, an experience, a practical use study and selected. Based on the results of this study, the following recommendation were made for a spot improvement and subsequent research. First, in research like this, it need research over two years which is the continued to be developed the model of personality education program taking advantage of flower or plant. Second, it need a subsequent research on the effectiveness verification of personality education program taking advantage of flower or plant among the individual and cooperative study. Third, it could be utilized in education of the dignity about the life and a symbiotic relationship between plant, animal and human. Last, it could be used in psychosomatic healing and prevention of melancholy with stress, too.

실과교육의 수월성 제고를 위한 MBI와 WBI의 개발과 활용 방안

류청산 韓國實科敎育硏究學會 2000 實科敎育硏究 Vol.6 No.2

The purpose of this study were performed to develop and to propose the use strategy of multimedia based instruction(MBI) and web based instruction(WBI) for easy practical arts education in primary school. The content of this study were follows; 1.The development and the use strategy of multimedia based instruction. 1)The concept of multimedia, 2)The loaming effect by type of multimedia material. 3)The expulsion of multimedia classroom and developing room, 4)The development strategy of mu17imedia material for practical arts education 5)The contents analysis of practical arts book for development of multimedia material 6)The use strategy of multimedia material in practical arts education. based instruction. 1)The concept of web based instruction (type of WBI, structural elements of WBI, functional feature of web, merits and demerits of WBI) 2)The design of web based instruction (principle of teaching, process of design, developmental step of model) 3)The development and the use model of teaching material for WBI 4)The use strategy of WBI (expulsion of server computer, development of web page, distribution of loaming material, collection of reports, test, etc) The method of this study were literature review with the search of web site. Practical arts education is the subiect to be emphasized experience. Therefore, The best method of teaching-loaming is t? loaming through experience and doing. MBI & WBI in practical arts education should be used to overcome spatial-temporal, economical limitation.

초등학교 가꾸기.기르기 단원의 문제점 및 개선방안

류청산 仁川敎育大學校 科學敎育硏究所 1998 과학교육논총 Vol.10 No.-

The purpose of this study were performed to test contents validity on the cultivation and breeding unit of practical arts education text of the 6th curriculum, to look deep into the problem on contents and to propose the stratagy of reformation in order to be satisfied with consumer better than supplier. The criterion such as use in living, preference of students, fitness of growth step, actualization of chapter, application of teachers, accord between objectives and contents, relationship with other subjects, structure of contents and text, and evaluation were developed to test validity. The data were collected by questionaires from 252 junior students in Inchon National University of Education(INUE), analyzed by SPSS /PC+ package program. The statistical techniques used for analysis were frequency, descriptives, validity, analysis of variance. The statistical significance was tested at .05 level. The major findings of this study were follows : 1. As a result set school hours of pratical arts education text (PAET) to total school hours, relative importance of PAE is on the decrease since it was 10.7% in the first curriculumn. In this sixth curriculumn, it was reduced to 3.9%. But relative importance of PAE will be supported by 6.9% in the least. 2. PAE curriculum was constructed with home economics, agricultural life science, technology, and computer science. The chapter ratio(%) was 50 : 29 : 13 : 5 respectively. The home economics was the highest, the computer science was the lowest domain in the unit ratio. 3. In the PAE, the relative importance that the cultivation and the breeding unit account for was most fit at present. 4. The validity of the breeding unit was inferior to the cultivation unit. Specially, the validity of the livestock and the bird breeding unit was relatively lower, the validity of the house interia unit was lower in cultivation. 5. The percentile score on the validity of PAET was 50.59. The validity of all the unit were lower except the water and the vegetable cultivation units. 6. While the validity on the text of PAE by criterion were high in use in living, accord between objectives and contents, preference of students, low in structure of contents and text, and evaluation in turn. General problems on the unit of cultivation and breeding were ① gender of teachers and students, ② urban and rural school, ③ an old-times illustration, ④ an illustration and picture arrangement, ⑤ unreality of self test scale, ⑥ the lack of school hours for PAE subject, ⑦ defactiveness of pratical environment, ⑧ technical terms, ⑨ defactiveness of safety education, ⑩ a hard-boiled chapter labels, ⑪ picture, etc.

ICT 활용 교육을 위한 기반 시설의 운영실태, 문제점 및 개선방안

류청산 한국실과교육연구학회 2001 實科敎育硏究 Vol.7 No.2

This study were performed to analyze the working realities, to find the problems, and to grope the improvement strategy for ICT based education. This study were done literature study and interview research simultaneously. After the raw data was accumulated through the forum for education and research information master plan within the internet site of 'Korea Education & Research Information Service', insufficient part was collected in interview for teacher related in education information. In this forum, the working realities and the problems of education and research information were classified to hardware, network, software & contents for education, teacher education program, curriculum, and educational administration, etc. This study was referred to analysis frame used in the part of hardware and network within forum. The analysis of the working realities, finding of the problems, and groping of the improvement strategy for ICT based education had the result of diverse problems. Among construction of educational information infra, development of software & contents for education, and teacher who can manage to both, our country was invested in construction of educational information infra, mainly. Therefor, the direction of the school information should put stress on maintenance, repair, and upgrade of hardware in a short, develop educational software in the middle term, bring up information teacher who can be managed to both all in a long time. Because school network can be invaded by hacker as log as after service of server computer or network is dependent on out-of-school company. Based on the results of this study, the following recommendation was made for the effective use of school network in Korea and maximized effect of ICT based education in a viewpoint of a basis equipment management. First, there should be rewarded in network and information teacher such as service rating, a benefit. Second, the system of computer education program for teacher should be improved. Third, there should be set up internet searching computer for group study in each other classroom. Fourth, there should be minimized abuse of an official document related in educational information. Fifth, there should be secured computer room, computer, related equipment. Sixth, important data such as students' records are administrated in central education institute.

숲 문화 체험 학습 프로그램 개발 모형

최인자,류청산 韓國實科敎育硏究學會 2001 實科敎育硏究 Vol.7 No.1

The purpose of this study was to design of experiential learning program that can be utilized in the curriculums in the contents of subjects in elementary school. This study suggests the experiential learning model with three main issues namely six ranges of experiential learning, seven experiential elements, and three steps of development. And it showed the model of experiential learning program design which had five steps. 1.Choose the theme and goal. 2.Set up the range of experiential learning program. 3.Organize each step of experiential learning program activities. 4.Confirm the main experiential element of experiential learning program. 5.Organize each unit activity of experiential learning program step. With this model, experiential learning program of forest culture excursion is developed and suggested. Based on the result of this study, the following considerations are remarked for the substantial improvement of the experiential learning and further studies in this area. 1.Experiential learning should be established a theory. 2.Since this study only concerns with providing the experiential learning program of forest culture excursion, substantial studies verifying the effectiveness of this program should be accomplished. 3.Internet homepage should be managed to apply useful information of experiential learning.

A survey on the incidence rate of foot diseases in dairy cattle

( Cheong San Lee ),( Dae Yeol Ryu ),( Hak Koo Kwak ),( Gong Yul Hyun ),( Kyung Jae Park ),( Woo Young Cho ),( Jong In Lee ) 한국가축위생학회 2001 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

This study was carried out to investigate the status of hoof diseases and to develope treatment method for cattle with hoof diseases during the period of January to December in 2000. Out of 438 heads, 34 heads(7.8%) had hoof diseases. In respect to season, incidence rate was higher in August to September than that of other seasons. The incidence rates of hoof rot, pododermatitis verrucosae, laminitis, other cases and trauma were 14 cases(41%), 10 cases(29%), 7 cases(21%), 2 cases(6%) and 1 case(3%), respectively. In respect to age and milk production, incidence rate was higher in the cattle with high milk production. Incidence rate of hoof diseases on the hind-limbs was higher than that of the fore-limbs. E coli(8 strains), Clostridium spp(8 strains), Staphylococcus spp(6 strains), Fusobacterium spp(6 strains), and Bacteroides spp(6 strains) were isolated from the hoof lesions. All isolates were sensitive to composite preparation made of mainly formalin with picric acid and phenol. (Treatment against each strains isolated was sensitive to composite preparation made out of the main constitutions of formalin with picric acid and phenol).

A survey on the incidence rate of foot diseases in dairy cattle

Lee, Cheong-San,Ryu, Dae-Yeol,Kwak, Hak-Koo,Hyun, Gong-Yul,Park, Kyung-Jae,Cho, Woo-Young,Lee, Jong-In The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2001 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

This study was carried out to investigate the status of hoof diseases and to develope treatment method for cattle with hoof diseases during the period of January to December in 2000. Out of 435 heads, 34 heads(7.8%) had hoof diseases. In respect to season, incidence rate was higher in August to September than that of other seasons. The incidence rates of hoof rot, pododermatitis verrucosae, laminitis, other cases and trauma were 14 cases(41%), 10 cases (29%), 7 cases(21%), 2 cases(6%) and 1 case(3%), respectively. In respect to age and milk production, Incidence rate was higher in the cattle with high milk production. Incidence rate of hoof diseases on the hind-limbs was higher than that of the fore-limbs. E. coli(8 strains), Clostridium spp(8 strains), Staphylococcus spp(6 strains), Fusobacterium spp(6 strains), and Bacteroides spp(6 strains) were isolated from the hoof lesions. All isolates were sensitive to composite preparation made of mainly formalin with picric acid and phenol. (Treatment against each strains isolated was sensitive to composite preparation made out of the main constitutions of formalin with picric acid and phenol).

Survival of hepatitis A virus on various food-contact surfaces during 28days of storage at room temperature

Bae, San-Cheong,Park, Shin Young,Kim, An-Na,Oh, Mi-Hwa,Ha, Sang-Do Elsevier 2014 Food Research International Vol.64 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Hepatitis A virus (HAV) infections constitute one of the leading causes of food-borne disease outbreaks. HAV spreads readily from one infected person to another through contaminated water or food, via the fecal–oral route. The prevention of HAV infection is therefore important in the preparation of food. The objective of this study was to investigate the survival of HAV on six different food-contact surfaces: ceramic, wood, rubber, glass, stainless steel and plastic. The survival of HAV was measured during storage at room temperature for 28days. On the food-contact surfaces, the greatest reduction in HAV was 2.3log<SUB>10</SUB> plaque-forming units (PFU)/coupon, observed on stainless steel, while the lowest HAV reduction was 1.4log<SUB>10</SUB> PFU/coupon, observed on wood. The values of d<SUB>R</SUB> (time required to reduce the virus by 99%) on survival plots of HAV determined by a modified Weibull model were 1396.9h (R<SUP>2</SUP> =0.97) on ceramic, 1676.4h (R<SUP>2</SUP> =0.98) on wood, 852.7h on rubber (R<SUP>2</SUP> =0.95), 1386.4h (R<SUP>2</SUP> =0.97) on glass, 428.6h (R<SUP>2</SUP> =0.96) on stainless steel and 833.0h (R<SUP>2</SUP> =0.97) on plastic. The infectivity of the virus on all six food-contact surfaces was maintained after 28days. Studies show that HAV from food preparation or processing will survive persistently on cookware. This study provides information useful for the control of HAV on different food-contact surfaces and the prevention of food-borne disease.</P>