하이힐을 신는 여성 : 20대 여성의 경험과 의미를 중심으로

천혜정,이아름 이화여자대학교 사회과학연구소 2012 사회과학연구논총 Vol.27 No.-

High-heels are an attractive means for satisfying modern women’s aesthetic standard and desire. At the same time, they are a sadistic means for women. The study aims to understand the personal experiences and meanings of wearing high heels. However, it beyond the personal and psychological experiences of individual women in that high heels are positioned within the larger socio-cultural contexts such as history of women's trimmings and social position. A total of 8 women were interviewed, and asked about what it is like to wear high heels and purchase on high heels, and meaning of wearing high heels in everyday life. Four themes were identified through interview text analysis. First, the participants get pleasure out of wearing high heels while accompanying pains. It can be called aching beauty. Especially, they want to be looked sexy and feminine from the eyes of their boyfriends. It reminds Chinese foot-binding in that Chinese men consider small feet as beautiful and women are willing to bind their feet in order to satisfy men's fantasies despite of physical pains. While Chinese foot-binding represents the status free from physical labor, high heels in this study become normative dress code for female workers. The participants sometimes did not want to wear high heels, but workplace climate makes them look like feminine. In addition, high heels play a realistic option to choose for them in order to overcome height complex and consequently make positive self-identity. Lastly, the participants are imbued with consumer culture, actively consuming desires for shoes. It can be called shoe-holic. This study discussed various issues to implicate, such as women's social status in our society, the consequences of internalization of consumption desires, or meaning of freely chosen. 하이힐은 단순한 여성 패션 액세서리의 영역을 넘어서 하나의 독립된 패션 아이템으로 등장하였다. 그러나 다른 한편으로 하이힐은 여성의 인체에 유해한 아이템으로 하이힐 착용에 따른 건강상의 위험에 대한 경고 또한 만만치 않게 부각되고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 이중적 관점 안에서 하이힐을 애용하는 여성들과의 인터뷰를 통해 단순히 이들이 왜 하이힐을 착용하는가에 대한 심리적 이해를 넘어 하이힐이 우리 사회에서 가지는 복잡 다양한 의미를 분석하고자 한다. 왜냐하면 역사적으로 하이힐은 신발이라는 큰 범주 안에서 인류의 역사와 복식의 발달 및 문화사적 가치와 매우 밀접한 관계를 맺고 있기 때문이다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 하이힐을 애용하는 여성 8명과의 심층면접을 수행하였으며 이들이 하이힐 소비를 통해 어떠한 경험을 하며 일상생활에 어떠한 의미가 있는지를 논의하였다. 연구 참가자들에게 하이힐은 비록 아픔을 동반하지만 그만큼의 보상을 제공하고 있었다. 특히 남자친구에게 예뻐 보일 수 있다면 아픔을 참을 수 있다는 참가자의 이야기는 작은 발에 대한 남성의 환상을 위한 무의미한 학대로 알려진 중국의 전족과 흡사한 모습을 보인다. 그러나 중국의 전족이 노동으로부터 자유로운 신분을 상징한 반면, 여성의 하이힐은 노동시장에서 여성 노동자가 착용해야 하는 규범이 되어 또 다른 통제기제로 작동하고 있었다. 키를 포함한 외모가 또 다른 경쟁력으로 작용하는 현대사회에서 하이힐은 자신감을 획득하고 자신에 대한 긍정적인 감정을 경험하게 하는 현실적인 전략 중의 하나이다. 특히 여성성을 발현하는 도구로서 하이힐을 선택하고, 이를 통해 정체성을 재구성함으로써 키 관리 담론을 적극적으로 소비한다. 마지막으로 연구 참여자들은 현대 자본주의 사회의 소비/소유 욕망을 하이힐을 통해 드러내고 있었다. 이러한 여성 참여자들의 경험은 우리 사회 여성의 지위현실을 그대로 반영하고 있으며, 하이힐 착용이 자유로운 여성의 선택인 듯 하지만 오히려 외부의 시선을 내면화하고 있는 결과임을 보여준다.

Clinical Characteristics of Nocardiosis: a Multicenter Retrospective Study in Korea

Kim Seulki,Shi Hye Jin,Jeon Cheon-Hoo,Kim Sun Bean,Yi Jongyoun,Kim A Reum,Kim Kye-Hyung,Lim Seungjin 대한감염학회 2023 Infection and Chemotherapy Vol.55 No.4

Background: Nocardiosis is a rare, but potentially life-threatening condition. It is difficult to diagnose, and bacterial culture identification can be time consuming. We investigated the characteristics of nocardiosis and the suitability of the treatment approach in Korea. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at 5 medical institutions between 2011 and 2021. We reviewed the medical records of patients with microbiologically confirmed nocardiosis. Appropriate antibiotic selection was defined as follows: (1) selecting antibiotics according to the species, (2) if the species of Nocardia was unknown, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole-based therapy or linezolid-based therapy was administered, and (3) selection of antibiotics using the antibiotic susceptibility test. The appropriate treatment periods for antibiotics were defined as treatment maintained from 3 to 12 months, depending on involvement of the organs. Descriptive analysis and Fisher exact test were used. Statistical significance was set at P-values of <0.05. Results: Thirty patients were enrolled. Of these patients, 18 (60.0%) were male. The median age was 70.5 years. Among the diagnosed patients, 12 (40.0%) had an immunocompromised status. Eight (30.0%) patients received optimal treatment for the appropriate treatment period. Appropriate dosing duration was observed in 3 of the 12(25.0%) immunocompromised patients. There was no significant difference between the presence or absence of immunosuppression and the adequacy of treatment for nocardiosis (P = 1.000). Skin and soft tissue (14 patients) were most frequently involved in this study. Nocardia species (spp.) were isolated from culture at a median of 6.0 days. There were 7 cases with N. farcinica (23.3%). Conclusion: We found that 60.0% of the patients with nocardiosis did not have an immunocompromised status. Further, 26.7% of the total patients received adequate treatment for nocardiosis. The reasons for suboptimal management of nocardiosis in Korea are presumed to be diagnostic difficulties, lack of awareness about nocardiosis, and difficulties in selecting antibiotics for Nocardia spp. among clinicians. The lack of antibiotic susceptibility tests for Nocardia spp. could be the source of these problems. Nocardiosis should be suspected in cases of recurrent infections with skin and soft tissue, musculoskeletal, or respiratory system involvement with or without an immunocompromised status. Clinical microbiological support is required for the diagnosis and selection of antibiotics in Korea. High clinical index of suspicion and clinical microbiological support are required for the accurate diagnosis of nocardiosis in Korea.

Physico-chemical Characterization of Import Steamed Rice

Jeong Eung-Gi,Kim Kee-Jong,Cheon A-reum,Choi In-Duck,Song Jin,Choi Yoon-Hee,Kim Deog-Su,Kim Sun-Lim,Lee Choon-Ki,Park Nam-Kyu,Son Jong-Rok 한국작물학회 2005 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

Molecular Characterization of Introgression from Oryza Glaberrima Steud (African rice) into Indica Rice (O. sativa L.)

Jeong Eung-Gi,Kim Kee-Jong,Cheon A-reum,Son Jong-Rok,Bimpong I.K.,Brar D.S. 한국작물학회 2005 한국작물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2005 No.-

유용미생물 처리에 따른 들잔디 재배지의 갈색퍼짐병 병원균 감소와 잔디생육 촉진 효과

배은지,전창욱,홍아름,이광수,곽연식,Bae, Eun-Ji,Cheon, Chang Wook,Hong, A-Reum,Lee, Kwang-Soo,Kwak, Youn-Sig 한국잡초학회한국잔디학회 2017 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.6 No.3

들잔디 재배지역에 갈색퍼짐병을 방제하기 위하여 Tebuconazole 약제 및 Streptomyces sp.와 Burkholderia sp. 미생물을 처리하였다. 무처리구에 비해 Tebuconazole 약제 처리구, Streptomyces sp., Burkholderia sp.와 Streptomyces S8 미생물 처리구는 잔디의 생육, 엽록소와 카로티노이드, 프롤린 함량은 유의하게 증가하였며, MDA 함량은 감소하였다. 토양미생물인 Streptomyces sp., Burkholderia sp.와 Streptomyces sp. S8 처리에 따라 갈색퍼짐병 병원균밀도 감소로 갈색퍼짐병의 증상이 완화되어 정상적인 잔디로 생육이 된 것으로 판단되었다. 이러한 결과는 사용된 미생물이 잔디의 생물적 방제와 잔디의 생육 촉진 미생물로 이용될 수 있음을 시사한다. To prevent large patch disease, caused by Rhizoctonia solani AG-2-2, in zoysiagrass a fungicide, Tebuconazole and three microbial agents Streptomyces sp. Burkholderia sp. and Streptomyces sp. S8 were applied in commercial turfgrass cultivation field in Sanchung, Gyeongnam, Korea. All treatments showed 50% reduced the pathogen population in thatch layer throughout the yearly cultivation period. Not only reduced the pathogen population, Tebuconazole, Streptomyces sp. Burkholderia sp. and Streptomyces sp. S8 treatment also enhanced turfgrass growth, chlorophyll and proline content. Malondialdehyde contents in each treatment was reduced from 6.2~28.9% when compared with the control. Taken together, reduction of pathogen population in soil lowered the disease incidence or severity, and allowed the turfgrass developed as normal condition. The results suggested that the selected microbial agents may use as biological control and growth promotion agents for the Zoysia turfgrass.

낙동강수계 본류와 유입지천의 대장균군 오염도

이혜진 ( Hae-jin Lee ),박혜경 ( Hae-kyung Park ),이재학 ( Jae Hak Lee ),박아름 ( A Reum Park ),천세억 ( Se-uk Cheon ) 한국물환경학회(구 한국수질보전학회) 2016 한국물환경학회지 Vol.32 No.3

The aim of this study was to analyze spatial and temporal patterns of bacterial pollution levels and the relationship between bacterial pollutants and environmental parameters at the main stream and tributaries of Nakdong River. Water quality data including total coliform and fecal coliform were compiled from a total of 50 monitoring sites (30 at the main stream and 20 at the tributaries) along with rainfall and discharge data for three consecutive years from 2012 to 2014. During the study periods, the geometric mean values of total coliforms and fecal coliforms in the main stream were 74 (22~465) CFU/100 mL and 8 (3~42) CFU/100 mL, respectively. The geometric mean values of total coliforms and fecal coliforms in the tributaries were 275 (36~5,145) CFU/100 mL and 6 (1~1,352) CFU/100 mL, respectively. High concentrations of fecal coliforms were observed at Gumi (M 10), Hyeonpung (M 19), Hapcheon (M 23), and Namji (M 25) in the main stream, whereas Gamcheon (T 6), Bakcheon (T 7), Geumho-gang (T 8), and Gyeseongcheon (T 16) were identified as pollution hot spots in the tributaries. Although bacterial pollution levels showed complex behavior across monitoring sites and time, the highest coliform concentrations were routinely observed in the monsoon season between July and September of each year, indicating that the pollution levels were strongly dependent on precipitation in addition to other physiochemical parameters. Statistically significant correlations were found between fecal coliform concentrations and precipitation (r=0.403, p<0.01), followed by SS (r=0.425, p<0.01), nutrient TP (r=0.388, p<0.01), organic matter COD (r=0.322, p<0.01), and PO4-P (r=0.317, p<0.01) in the main stream in the order of correlation coefficient from high to low.