NAD(P)H: Quinone Oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T Gene Polymorphism Association with Digestive Tract Cancer: A Meta-analysis

Zhu, Cheng-Lin,Huang, Qiang,Liu, Chen-Hai,Lin, Xian-Sheng,Xie, Fang,Shao, Feng Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4

NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) C609T gene polymorphisms have been reported to influence the risk for digestive tract cancer (DTC) in many studies; however, the results remain controversial and ambiguous. We therefore carried out a meta-analysis of published case-control studies to derive a more precise estimation of any associations. Electronic searches were conducted on links between this variant and DTC in several databases through April 2012. Crude odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the strength of associations in fixed or random effect models. Heterogeneity and publication bias were also assessed. A total of 21 case-control studies were identified, including 6,198 cases and 7,583 controls. Overall, there was a statistically significant association between the NQO1 C609T polymorphism and DTC risk (TT vs. CC: OR=1.224, 95%CI=1.055-1.421; TT/CT vs. CC: OR=1.195, 95%CI=1.073-1.330; TT vs. CT/CC: OR=1.183, 95%CI=1.029-1.359; T vs. C: OR=1.180, 95%CI=1.080-1.290). When stratified for tumor location, the results based on all studies showed the variant allele 609T might have a significantly increased risk of upper digest tract cancer (UGIC), but not colorectal cancer. In the subgroup analysis by ethnicity, we observed a significantly risk for DTC in Caucasians. For esophageal and gastric cancer, a significantly risk was found in both populations, and for colorectal, a weak risk was observed in Caucasians, but not Asians. This meta-analysis suggested that the NQO1 C609T polymorphism may increase the risk of DTC, especially in the upper gastric tract.

Evaluation of the Stability of Aspirin in Solid State by the Programmed Humidifying and Non-isothermal Experiments

Zhan, Xian-Cheng,Tao, Jian-Lin,Li, Lin-Li 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.3

single pair of experiments, one with programmed humidity control and the other non-isothermal, rather than many standard isothermal studies, each at constant relative humidity. In experiments, we adopted the acid-base back titration method to measure the content of aspirin in the presence of its degradation products. It was found that the degradation of aspirin could be expressed as In[($C_o-c$)/c]=kt+D, where D was a lag time item not related to humidity and temperature. The relationship between the degradation rate constant k and humidity $H_r$, and temperature T could be described as Arrhenius equation multiplied by an exponential item of relative humidity: k= A . exp($mH_r$)${\cdot}$exp(-($E_a/RT$)), where A, $E_a$ and m were the pre-exponential factor, observed activation energy, and a parameter related to humidity, respectively. The results obtained from the programmed humidifying and non-isothermal experiments, A=$(1.09{\pm}2.04){\times}10^{12}\;h^{-1}$, $E_a=(93.5{\pm}2.2)\;kJ{\cdot}mol^{-1}$ and m=$1.18{\pm}O.19$, were comparable to those from isothermal studies at constant humidity, A=$(1.71{\pm}o.35){\times}10^{12}\;h^{-1}$, $E_a=(94.9{\pm}0.7)\;kJ{\cdot}mol^{-1}$ and m=$1.20{\pm}0.02$. Since the programmed humidifying and non-isothermal experiments save time, labor and materials, it is suggested that the new experimental method can be used to investigate the stability of drugs unstable to both moisture and heat, instead of many classical isothermal experiments at constant humidity.

Evaluation of the Stability of Aspirin in Solid State by the Programmed Humidifying and Non-isothermal Experiments

Lin-Li Li,Xian-Cheng Zhan,Jian-Lin Tao 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.3

The influence of both moisture and heat on the stability of aspirin was investigated by a single pair of experiments, one with programmed humidity control and the other non-isothermal, rather than many standard isothermal studies, each at constant relative humidity. In experiments, we adopted the acid-base back titration method to measure the content of aspirin in the presence of its degradation products. It was found that the degradation of aspirin could be expressed as ln[(c0-c)/c]=kt+D, where D was a lag time item not related to humidity and temperature. The relationship between the degradation rate constant k and humidity Hr and temperature T could be described as Arrhenius equation multiplied by an exponential item of relative humidity: k = A · exp(mHr) · exp(-(Ea/RT)), where A, Ea and m were the pre-exponential factor, observed activation energy, and a parameter related to humidity, respectively. The results obtained from the programmed humidifying and non-isothermal experiments, A=(1.09±2.04)×1012 h-1, Ea=(93.5±2.2) kJ ·mol-1 and m=1.18±0.19, were comparable to those from isothermal studies at constant humidity, A=(1.71±0.35)×1012 h-1, Ea=(94.9±0.7) kJ ·mol-1 and m=1.20±0.02. Since the programmed humidifying and non-isothermal experiments save time, labor and materials, it is suggested that the new experimental method can be used to investigate the stability of drugs unstable to both moisture and heat, instead of many classical isothermal experiments at constant humidity.

Differences in the closeness of spatial relationship between Ricanidae in their prime and natural enemies in five kinds of tea gardens

Cheng Xian,Zhang Lin,Wu Xiaomeng,Xu Yue,Sun Jiazhao,Zhou Xiazhi,Zou Yunding,Bi Shoudong 한국곤충학회 2022 Entomological Research Vol.52 No.8

To identify the natural enemy species which are close to Ricanidae in spatial relationship and to provide scientific basis for biological control and reasonable protection of natural enemies, geostatistics and the angular cosine coefficient method were used to analyze the population of Ricanidae in their prime and their natural enemies in the Anji white tea garden, the Longjing43 tea garden, the Nongkangzao tea garden, the Pingyangtezao tea garden and the Wuniuzao tea garden. The spatial relationship between six natural enemies and Ricanidae was also studied. The angular cosine coefficients were normalized to obtain the intimacy index. According to the sum of the intimacy index and the serial number of the intimacy index of each natural enemy in five tea gardens, the following conclusions could be drawn: the top three natural enemies closely related to Ricanidae in spatial relationship were Clubiona reichlini, Clubiona japonicola and Misumenops tricuspidatus; at least two species of the top three natural enemies in each tea garden were the same as the top three natural enemies in the comprehensive analysis of the five tea gardens; one of the factors that determined the spatial relationship between natural enemies and Ricanidae was the ratio of the number of Ricanidae and natural enemies. The results of this study identified the spider species of natural enemies which should be rationally used and protected in the five tea gardens.

Effect of all-trans retinoic acid on casein and fatty acid synthesis in MAC-T cells

Liao, Xian-Dong,Zhou, Chang-Hai,Zhang, Jing,Shen, Jing-Lin,Wang, Ya-Jing,Jin, Yong-Cheng,Li, Sheng-Li Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2020 Animal Bioscience Vol.33 No.6

Objective: Caseins and fatty acids of milk are synthesized and secreted by the epithelial cells of the mammary gland. All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), an active metabolite of vitamin A, has been shown to promote mammary development. This study was conducted to determine the effect of ATRA on casein synthesis and fatty acid composition in MAC-T cells. Methods: MAC-T cells were allowed to differentiate for 4 d, treated with ATRA (0, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 μM), and incubated for 3 d. We analyzed the fatty acid composition, the mRNA expression of casein and fatty acid synthesis-related genes, and the phosphorylation of casein synthesis-related proteins of MAC-T cells by gas chromatography, quantitative polymerase chain reaction, and western blotting, respectively. Results: In MAC-T cells, ATRA increased the mRNA levels of α_S1-casein and β-casein, janus kinase 2 (JAK2) and E74-like factor 5 of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 5 β (STAT5-β) pathway, ribosomal protein S6 kinase beta-1 (S6K1) and eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E binding protein 1 of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, inhibited the mRNA expression of phosphoinositide 3-kinase and eukaryotic initiation factor 4E of the mTOR pathway, and promoted the phosphorylation of STAT5-β and S6K1 proteins. Additionally, ATRA increased the de novo synthesis of fatty acids, reduced the content of long-chain fatty acids, the ratio of monounsaturated fatty acids to saturated fatty acids (SFA), the ratio of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to SFA, and the ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 PUFA. The mRNA levels of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1, fatty acid synthase, lipoprotein lipase, stearoyl-CoA desaturase, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) were enhanced by ATRA. Conclusion: ATRA promotes the synthesis of casein by regulating JAK2/STAT5 pathway and downstream mTOR signaling pathway, and it improves the fatty acid composition of MAC-T cells by regulating SREBP1-related genes.

Identification of mountain-cultivated ginseng and cultivated ginseng using UPLC/oa-TOF MSE with a multivariate statistical sample-profiling strategy

Xu, Xin-fang,Cheng, Xian-long,Lin, Qing-hua,Li, Sha-sha,Jia, Zhe,Han, Ting,Lin, Rui-chao,Wang, Dan,Wei, Feng,Li, Xiang-ri The Korean Society of Ginseng 2016 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.40 No.4

Background: Mountain-cultivated ginseng (MCG) and cultivated ginseng (CG) both belong to Panax ginseng and have similar ingredients. However, their pharmacological activities are different due to their significantly different growth environments. Methods: An ultra-performance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS)-based approach was developed to distinguish MCG and CG. Multivariate statistical methods, such as principal component analysis and supervised orthogonal partial-least-squares discrimination analysis were used to select the influential components. Results: Under optimized UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS conditions, 40 ginsenosides in both MCG and CG were unambiguously identified and tentatively assigned. The results showed that the characteristic components of CG and MCG included ginsenoside Ra3/isomer, gypenoside XVII, quinquenoside R1, ginsenoside Ra7, notoginsenoside Fe, ginsenoside Ra2, ginsenoside Rs6/Rs7, malonyl ginsenoside Rc, malonyl ginsenoside Rb1, malonyl ginsenoside Rb2, palmitoleic acid, and ethyl linoleate. The malony ginsenosides are abundant in CG, but higher levels of the minor ginsenosides were detected in MCG. Conclusion: This is the first time that the differences between CG and MCG have been observed systematically at the chemical level. Our results suggested that using the identified characteristic components as chemical markers to identify different ginseng products is effective and viable.

Tetrandrine Exerts a Radiosensitization Effect on Human Glioma through Inhibiting Proliferation by Attenuating ERK Phosphorylation

Ma, Ji-wei,Zhang, Yong,Ye, Ji-cheng,Li, Ru,Wen, Yu-Lin,Huang, Jian-xian,Zhong, Xue-yun The Korean Society of Applied Pharmacology 2017 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.25 No.2

Tetrandrine (Tet), a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has been reported to have a radiosensitization effect on tumors. However, its effects on human glioma and the specific molecular mechanisms of these effects remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that Tet has a radiosensitization effect on human glioma cells. It has been hypothesized that Tet has a radiosensitization effect on glioma cells by affecting the glioma cell cycle and DNA repair mechanism and that ERK mediates these activities. Therefore, we conducted detailed analyses of the effects of Tet on the cell cycle by performing flow cytometric analysis and on DNA repair by detecting the expression of phosphorylated H2AX by immunofluorescence. We used western blot analysis to investigate the role of ERK in the effect of Tet on the cell cycle and DNA repair. The results revealed that Tet exerts its radiosensitization effect on glioma cells by inhibiting proliferation and decreasing the expression of phosphorylated ERK and its downstream proteins. In summary, our data indicate that ERK is involved in Tet-induced radiosensitization of glioma cells via inhibition of glioma cell proliferation or of the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase.

Gordonia jinhuaensis sp. nov., a novel actinobacterium, isolated from a VBNC (viable but non-culturable) state in pharmaceutical wastewater

Li, Shan-Hui,Jin, Yi,Cheng, Juan,Park, Dong-Jin,Kim, Chang-Jin,Hozzein, Wael N.,Wadaan, Mohammed A. M.,Shu, Wen-Sheng,Ding, Lin-Xian,Li, Wen-Jun Springer-Verlag 2014 Antonie van Leeuwenhoek Vol.106 No.2

Tetrandrine Exerts a Radiosensitization Effect on Human Glioma through Inhibiting Proliferation by Attenuating ERK Phosphorylation

( Ji-wei Ma ),( Yong Zhang ),( Ji-cheng Ye ),( Ru Li ),( Yu-lin Wen ),( Jian-xian Huang ),( Xue-yun Zhong ) 한국응용약물학회 2017 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.25 No.2

Tetrandrine (Tet), a bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, has been reported to have a radiosensitization effect on tumors. However, its effects on human glioma and the specific molecular mechanisms of these effects remain unknown. In this study, we demonstrated that Tet has a radiosensitization effect on human glioma cells. It has been hypothesized that Tet has a radiosensitization effect on glioma cells by affecting the glioma cell cycle and DNA repair mechanism and that ERK mediates these activities. Therefore, we conducted detailed analyses of the effects of Tet on the cell cycle by performing flow cytometric analysis and on DNA repair by detecting the expression of phosphorylated H2AX by immunofluorescence. We used western blot analysis to investigate the role of ERK in the effect of Tet on the cell cycle and DNA repair. The results revealed that Tet exerts its radiosensitization effect on glioma cells by inhibiting proliferation and decreasing the expression of phosphorylated ERK and its downstream proteins. In summary, our data indicate that ERK is involved in Tet-induced radiosensitization of glioma cells via inhibition of glioma cell proliferation or of the cell cycle at G0/G1 phase.

Identifying, Prioritizing, Measuring and Verifying Clean Energy Solutions for Korea's Public Building Renewable Energy Obligation Policy

Lee, Kwang Seob,Kang, Eun Chul,DA CUNHA, Ivor Francis,Lin, Cheng-Xian,Lee, Euy Joon The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2016 대한기계학회 논문집. Transactions of the KSME. C, 산업기술과 혁신 Vol.4 No.1

Under the Renewable Heat Obligation (RHO) public buildings in the Republic of Korea larger than $10,000m^2$ must achieve an 11% overall reduction to thermal energy consumption. Well intended solutions have been proposed. However, not all option is evaluated on the same basis, potentially resulting in incomplete or sub-optimal solutions. What's more once projects are implemented, there are inconsistencies in the methods used to measure and evaluate operating performance of the post-retrofit case. The RETScreen decision tools and methodology can be used by decision makers, policy developers, architects, engineers and community leaders to evaluate and select the most effective solutions for Korea's RHO needs.