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Interspecies Signaling through QscR, a Quorum Receptor of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Changwan Ha,이준희,Seong Joon Park,Su-Jin Im,Su-Jin Park 한국분자세포생물학회 2012 Molecules and cells Vol.33 No.1
The QS machinery of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic human pathogen, consists of three acyl-homo-serine lactone (acyl-HSL) signaling systems, LasR-I, RhlR-I, and QscR. QscR, known as an orphan receptor and a repressor of other QS systems, operates its own regulon using N-3-oxododecanoyl HSL (3OC12), which is synthesized by LasI, as its signal. In this study, we addressed the role of QscR in interspecies communication. We found that QscR auto-activates its own transcription in the presence of 3OC12. In a single population of P. aeruginosa, where 3OC12 is the sole signal available for QscR, the QscR regulon is activated by 3OC12 produced by the LasI-R system. However, the broad signal specificity of QscR allowed it to respond to a non-P. aeruginosa signal, such as N-decanoyl HSL (C10) and N-3-hydroxydecanoyl HSL (3OHC10), which preferentially activated QscR to LasR. The signal extracts from Pseudomonas fluorescens and Burkholeria vietnamiensis also preferentially activated QscR. These non-P. aeruginosa signals activated QscR more strongly than 3OC12, the authentic P. aeruginosa signal. Since a variety of acyl-HSLs are produced in the multi-species habitat of nature, our study provides a clue for the particular situation that allows QscR to secede from the conventional QS cascade in mixed microbial community.
장애학생의 수련,체험 활동 프로그램에 대한특수교사와 학부모의 요구: 수련활동, 가족캠프, 통합캠프를 중심으로
정대영 ( Daeyoung Jung ),하창완 ( Changwan Ha ),양미희 ( Mihee Yang ) 한국특수아동학회 2015 특수아동교육연구 Vol.17 No.3
본 연구는 경남지역 특수교사 505명과 학부모 314명을 대상으로 장애학생의 수련활동과 가족캠프, 통합캠프 프로그램의 운영 및 내용 구성에 대한 특수교사와 장애학생 학부모의 요구와 차이를 알아보고 개발 방향을 제시하고자 하였다. 연구결과로는 첫째, 수련활동 프로그램은 학기중에 1박 2일 숙박형 또는 일일 체험형을 주로 선호했으며 직업체험교육, 문화예술활동, 자기(인성) 계발활동을 주요 프로그램으로 선택하는 것이 적절하다는 요구가 높았다. 둘째, 장애학생 가족캠프는 여름방학 기간 동안 1박 2일 체험형태로 진행하는 것이 좋다는 요구가 높았으며, 특히 부모와 형제자매 모두가 참여하여 가족캠프를 진행해야한다는 응답률이 가장 높았다. 프로그램 내용으로는 자기(인성)계발 활동, 직업체험, 환경 보존 등 일반학생 대상 수련 활동보다는 다양한 분야에 대한 체험 필요성의 요구를 나타냈다. 셋째, 장애학생 통합캠프의 경우 학기 중 실시를 가장 많이 요구하였으며, 우선 참가대상으로 초등학교 저학년을 선호함을 확인할 수 있었다. 또한캠프 운영 기간으로는 ‘일일 체험형’ 또는 ‘1박 2일 체험형’이 적절한 것으로 확인되었고 주요 활동 내용으로는 ‘모험개척활동’과 ‘자기(인성)계발활동’ 영역 에 대한 응답률이 높았다. 연구의 제한점으로는 경남지역의 장애학생을 대상으로 실시한 연구로서 연구 결과를 전국으로 일반화하는데 어려움이 있지만, 보편적 학습 설계를 적용한 장애학생 수련활동 뿐 아니라 가족캠프, 통합캠프를 포함한 종합적인 장애학생 수련.체험활동 프로그램 개발의 방향을 제시하였다는 점에서 본 연구가 가지는 의의가 크다고 볼 수 있다. This study conducted its research targeting 550 special education teachers and parents of children with disabilities living in Gyeongsangnam-do to understand their demands for training and experiential activities programs targeting the students with disabilities. As a way to achieve the research goal, the study basically focused on operation and contents of the training activities, the family camp programs and the inclusive camp programs to know the relevant demands of the teachers and the parents and then, offered directions in the development. Findings of the research revealed that first of all, as for the training activities programs, the teachers and the parents prefer either the 2 days and 1 night activity or the whole day hands-on activity during the semester and, both of the groups claimed that the vocational experience education, the culture and arts activities and the self-development (personality and humanity development) activities should be carried out as the main programs. Second, according to the arguments of both of the teachers and the parents, it will be better if the students with disabilities family camps are held for 2 days and 1 night during the summer vacation. The winter vacation came up with only a relatively low response rate and, the greatest number of the teachers and the parents answered that the family camps which are participated by families of elementary school students with disabilities, especially by their parents as well as siblings at the same time, should be organized as a priority. In regard to the contents of the programs, the study noticed higher levels of the demand rather for experience in diverse fields than for these training activities that would target general students such as the self-development (personality and humanity development) activities, the vocational experience, the environment preservation and others.Third, in case of the inclusive camps of the students with disabilities, a majority of the teachers and the parents wanted the camps to be held during the semester and, the low grade elementary school was preferred as the most urgent participants. Not only that, the study confirmed that as for the camp operation period, either the ‘whole day hands-on activity’ or the ‘2 days and 1 night activity’ were considered most desirable and in terms of the main activity contents, the study observed the highest response rates from the ‘adventure and develop’ and the ‘self-development (personality and humanity development) activity’
Ko, Seok-Jae,Park, Jae-Woo,Lee, Jae-hyung,Lee, Jung-eun,Ha, Na-yeon,Nam, Seong-uk,Lee, Jae-hong,Jeon, Soo-Hyung,Kim, Jong-Won,Kang, Changwan,Yeo, Inkwon,Kim, Jinsung Hindawi 2018 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2018 No.-
<P><B>Introduction</B></P><P> Functional dyspepsia (FD) is a functional gastrointestinal disorder characterized by persistent upper dyspeptic symptoms without organic lesions. There is no standard therapy for FD. Yukgunja-tang (YGJT) is an herbal medicine used for treating upper gastrointestinal symptoms in Asia. Studies on the effect of YGJT on FD have been conducted. However, the results were inconsistent. In<I> Hyungsang</I> medicine, traditional Korean medicine, FD patients are classified into bladder body (BB) or gallbladder body (GB) subtypes by the shape and angle of their faces. Each subtype may have different characteristics, physiology, and pathology of the same disease. YGJT is more effective for patients with BB subtype. The three-dimensional facial shape diagnostic system (3-FSDS) was shown to be effective in diagnosing BB or GB subtypes. This study aimed to investigate the effect of YGJT on FD patients classified using the 3-FSDS.</P><P><B> Materials and Methods</B></P><P> The current study was a placebo-controlled, double-blinded, randomized, two-center trial. Eligible patients were diagnosed with either BB or GB FD subtype using the 3-FSDS. Ninety-six participants (48 BB and 48 GB subtypes) were randomly allocated to treatment or control groups in a 2:1 ratio. YGJT or placebo was administered for eight weeks. The primary outcome was assessed using the total dyspepsia symptom scale (TDS), while the secondary outcomes were assessed using the single dyspepsia symptom scale (SDS), proportion of responders, visual analog scale, Nepean dyspepsia index, functional dyspepsia-related quality of life, and spleen qi deficiency questionnaire.</P><P><B> Results and Discussion</B></P><P> The result of TDS showed the superior effect of YGJT on BB over GB subtype. The subgroup analysis of TDS and SDS scores showed the superior effect of YGJT over placebo. Other outcome variables did not show any significant differences between groups.</P><P><B> Conclusion</B></P><P> YGJT may be considered for FD patients diagnosed with BB subtype using 3-FSDS.</P>