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Correlation Between Constituent Phase and Weld Metal Properties in Ni-Reduced Duplex Stainless Steel
Youngchai Lee,Jae Hee Lee,Joonoh Moon,Tae‑Ho Lee,Changhee Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2022 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.28 No.8
The intrinsic properties of austenite and ferrite on the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the duplex stainlesssteel weld metals was studied by substituting Ni with Mn, N, and Mn + N. The properties of the weldments fabricated throughgas tungsten arc welding (GTAW) were evaluated using tensile test, Vickers hardness, and potentiodynamic polarizationtests. The mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of the constituent phases were measured using nanoindentationand electron probe microanalysis, respectively. The austenite and ferrite phase fractions of the weld metal were maintainedat approximately 50:50, and no harmful phases degraded the properties. Excessive Mn decreased the corrosion resistance; alarge difference in corrosion resistance between austenite and ferrite also decreased the overall corrosion resistance. In thefiller metal in which Ni was replaced with only Mn or N, the austenite became harder than ferrite, as a result cracks initiatedinside the austenite. The tensile test showed that austenite, which became a relatively hard phase compared to ferrite accordingto the chemical composition, increased the yield strength and decreased the elongation of the weld metal.
High Performance Image Downscaler using Two-Dimensional Phase-Correction Digital Filters
Lee, Youngho,Kang, Bongsoon,Hong, Changhee 동아대학교 생산기술연구소 2000 生産技術硏究所硏究論文集 Vol.5 No.1
본 논문에서는 이차원 위상-교정 디지털필터를 이용한 고화질 디지털 영상축소기에 관한 알고리듬과 하드웨어 구조를 제안한다. 제안된 축소기는 수직방향으로 1/32 line과 수평방향으로 1/64 pixel의 정밀도를 가진 비선형 위상 필터를 사용하여 고화질의 축소 화상을 제공한다. 최적화된 하드웨어 구조를 달성하기 위하여, 디지털필터는 shifter와 adder를 이용하며 구성한다. 마지막으로 시뮬레이션을 통해서 기존의 1/32 scaler[1]</참고문헌참조>의 결과와 비교하여 제안된 방법의 우수성을 보인다.
Lee, Sunhee,Son, Kyu-Yeol,Noh, Yun-Hee,Lee, Seung-Chul,Choi, Hwan-Won,Yoon, In-Joong,Lee, Changhee Elsevier 2017 Veterinary microbiology Vol.207 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) has emerged or re-emerged worldwide, posing a significant financial threat to major pig-producing countries. In the present study, a virulent Korean pandemic PEDV strain, KNU-141112, was serially propagated in Vero cells for up to 100 passages. Through cell culture adaptation, we obtained four distinct deletion (DEL) mutants by plaque purification followed by nucleotide sequencing of the spike (S)/ORF3 gene-coding region, which were designated KNU-141112-S DEL2, −S DEL5, −S DEL2/ORF3, and −S DEL5/ORF3. Further whole genome sequencing identified 12 or 14 amino acid changes in the cell-adapted DEL strains. Animal inoculation studies revealed that the virulence of both S DEL2/ORF3 and S DEL5/ORF3 viruses with a large 46-nt deletion in the intergenic portion of S and ORF3 was remarkably diminished, indicating viral attenuation in the natural host. Furthermore, these cell-adapted strains elicited potent neutralizing antibody responses in immunized pigs. Taken together, our data indicate that the cell-attenuated S DEL2/ORF3 and S DEL5/ORF3 strains are promising candidates for the development of a safe and effective live PEDV vaccine.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A virulent G2b PEDV strain KNU-141112 was subjected to Vero cell culture passage. </LI> <LI> Deletions (DEL) in S and ORF3 of KNU-141112 at high passage levels were identified. </LI> <LI> Cell-adapted KNU-141112 DEL strains were highly attenuated and immunogenic in pigs. </LI> <LI> Large deletions in ORF3 appear to be associated with PEDV attenuation in pigs. </LI> <LI> High-cell-passage KNU-141112 DEL strains can be live, attenuated vaccine candidates. </LI> </UL> </P>
Lee, Changhee,Rathi, Servin,Khan, Muhammad Atif,Lim, Dongsuk,Kim, Yunseob,Yun, Sun Jin,Youn, Doo-Hyeb,Watanabe, Kenji,Taniguchi, Takashi,Kim, Gil-Ho IOP 2018 Nanotechnology Vol.29 No.33
<P>Molybdenum disulfide (MoS<SUB>2</SUB>) based field effect transistors (FETs) are of considerable interest in electronic and opto-electronic applications but often have large hysteresis and threshold voltage instabilities. In this study, by using advanced transfer techniques, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) encapsulated FETs based on a single, homogeneous and atomic-thin MoS<SUB>2</SUB> flake are fabricated on hBN and SiO<SUB>2</SUB> substrates. This allows for a better and a precise comparison between the charge traps at the semiconductor-dielectric interfaces at MoS<SUB>2</SUB>−SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and hBN interfaces. The impact of ambient environment and entities on hysteresis is minimized by encapsulating the active MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layer with a single hBN on both the devices. The device to device variations induced by different MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layer is also eliminated by employing a single MoS<SUB>2</SUB> layer for fabricating both devices. After eliminating these additional factors which induce variation in the device characteristics, it is found from the measurements that the trapped charge density is reduced to 1.9?×?10<SUP>11</SUP> cm<SUP>−2</SUP> on hBN substrate as compared to 1.1?×?10<SUP>12</SUP> cm<SUP>−2</SUP> on SiO<SUB>2</SUB> substrate. Further, reduced hysteresis and stable threshold voltage are observed on hBN substrate and their dependence on gate sweep rate, sweep range, and gate stress is also studied. This precise comparison between encapsulated devices on SiO<SUB>2</SUB> and hBN substrates further demonstrate the requirement of hBN substrate and encapsulation for improved and stable performance of MoS<SUB>2</SUB> FETs.</P>
이현용,강재훈,이승우,박창희 한국공작기계학회 2008 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2008 No.-
General process for waste vinyl pretreatment system is consisted of separating, crushing, washing, drying and recovering impurities. This paper is about a study of development on crusher system for waste vinyl pretreatment system. This system consists of three crusher : 1) Hydraulic cutter to cut in 1m size, 2) 1st crusher to cut in 20~30cm size, 3) 2nd crusher to cut in 3~8cm size.
Lee, Changhee,Jeong, Soon-Ki Elsevier 2018 ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA Vol.265 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>We report on the effects of the changed hydration number of calcium ions due to the variation in the electrolyte concentration in a Prussian blue analogue electrode, CuHCF, and aqueous electrolyte system on its performance, for calcium-ion batteries (CIBs). As determined by Raman spectroscopy, the coordination number of the calcium ions, that is, the number of nitrate anions surrounding it in the aqueous electrolyte gradually increased upon increasing the electrolyte concentration from 1.0 to 8.4 mol dm<SUP>−3</SUP>. In other words, the hydration number of calcium ions gradually decreased. Additionally, the activation energy, <I>E</I> <SUB> <I>a</I> </SUB>, for the interfacial charge transfer during the process of calcium ion insertion into the CuHCF electrode was estimated from the temperature dependence of the charge transfer resistance in these aqueous electrolytes <I>via</I> electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The <I>E</I> <SUB> <I>a</I> </SUB> value gradually decreased with increasing electrolyte concentration. These results are directly related to the electrochemical performance such as the discharge/charge capacities, rate capability, and cyclability in this system for CIBs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Prussian blue electrode/aqueous electrolyte system for calcium-ion battery is studied. </LI> <LI> Ca(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> dissolved in water at various concentrations is used as the electrolyte. </LI> <LI> The radius of the hydrated Ca ion decreased with increasing Ca(NO<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB> concentration. </LI> <LI> Superior electrochemical performance is achieved at high electrolyte concentration. </LI> </UL> </P>
Effect of main ligands on organic photovoltaic performance of Ir(<small>III</small>) complexes
Lee, Woochul,Kwon, Tae-Hyuk,Kwon, Jongchul,Kim, Ji-young,Lee, Changhee,Hong, Jong-In Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 New journal of chemistry Vol.35 No.11
<P>The photovoltaic performance of devices fabricated using three iridium complexes (1, 2, and 3) containing different main ligands (1-phenylisoquinoline, (4-isoquinolin-1-yl-phenyl)diphenylamine, and 1-pyren-1-yl-isoquinoline for 1, 2, and 3, respectively) was investigated. Two different devices, one fabricated by spin coating and one produced by vacuum deposition, were tested. Among the bulk heterojunction solar cells (BHJCs) fabricated by spin coating, the cell fabricated using 2 had the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE, 0.50%). The PCEs of 1 and 3 were 0.43% and 0.34%, respectively. These results suggested that the superior hole-transport ability of the triphenylamine moiety in 2 was responsible for the high photovoltaic performance of the device fabricated using this complex. This assumption was confirmed by fabricating electron-only devices using the three Ir complexes and comparing the turn-on voltage of each device. The photovoltaic performance of device C fabricated by the vacuum co-deposition of 2 and C<SUB>60</SUB> in a 50 nm-thick active layer was 50% higher than that of device A (bilayer heterojunction solar cell) and device B (fabricated by the co-deposition of 2 and C<SUB>60</SUB> with a 30 nm-thick active layer).</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>This study provides the first example of the use of Ir complexes as donors in the fabrication of organic photovoltaic cells and the power conversion efficiency of 0.60% was obtained for the photovoltaic cell fabricated by a co-deposition method. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1nj20446g'> </P>