Structural Alterations in the Gill of the Red Sea Bream, Pagrus major, Exposed to the Harmful Dinoflagellate Cochlodinium polykrikoides

Kim, Chang Sook,Jee, Bo-Young,Bae, Heon Meen 한국수산학회 2002 Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences Vol.5 No.1

The effects of Cochlodinium polykrikoides on the gill of red sea bream, Pagrus major, were examined to clarify the ichthyotoxic mechanisms of this plankton species. The gill of fish exposed to dense blooms over 3,000 cells/mL for 24 h showed severe epithelial separation: a severe edema was found in the secondary lamellar epithelium and interlamellar regions of primary filament. In addition, lipid peroxidation of gill tissue in Chchlodinium-exposed fish was about 2.5 times higher than that of control. The composition of glycoproteins in the gill mucus of Cochlodinium-exposed fish was also changed. These results suggest that the loss of structural integrity of cell membrances in fish gill may be deeply involved in fish death by C. polykrikoides.

마취중 과한기가 동맥혈과 뇌척수액의 산-염기 변화에 미치는 영향

권무일,신광일,류창한,김민구 대한마취과학회 1988 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.21 No.1

The use of controlled gyperventilation during neurosurgical procedures prevents the deleterious effects of hypercarbia on the cerbral blood flow and intracranial pressure. Hyperventilation with hypocarbia produces cerbral vasoconstriction, reduced cercbbral blood flow and a reduction in brain size in the majority of patients with increased intracranial pressure. But, since excessive cerebral vasoconstriction might induce cerebral ischemia, there has been much discussion concernin the optimal level of hypocarbia. Several studies have shown biochemical evidence of a change in cerebral glucose utilization to anaerobic metabolism during hupocarbia. In our investigation, the effect of huperventilation of 10 neurosurgical patients was evaluated by blood gas analysis and the estimation of lactate and pyruvate in arterial blood and the cerebrospinal fluid. The results were as follows: 1) PaCO_2 decreased from a prearesthetic value of 38±2.2 mmHg to 22±2.1 mmHg 1 hour postinduction and 24±2.2 mmHg at 2 hours due to hyperventilation. pH was 7.58±0.047 1 haur postionduction and 7.56±0.018 at 2 hours. PaO_2 was 251±33.0 mmHg 1 hour postinduction 1 hour and 215±20.9 mmHg at 2 hours under a 50% inspired oxygen concentration(FiO2=0.5). 2) The arterial blood lactate value increased statistically significantly from a preanesthetic value of 9.3±15 mmg% to 11.8±1.47 mg% 1 hour postinduction(p<0.01) to 12.5±1.53 mg% at 2 hours(p<0.005). However all vales were wirthin the normal range(4.7±15.1 mg%), and the lacte/pyruvate rato did not change. 3) In the cerebrospinal fluid, pH was 7.45±0.057, PCO_2 was 34±3.5 mmHg and PO_2 was 91±6.7 mmHg following hyperventilation for 1 hour. The lactate value of the cerebrospinsifluid was 19.2±3.14mg%(normal range: 11.0∼27.0mg%) and the lactate/pyruvate ratio was 14.5±2.39. 4) No evidence of an excessive increase in CSF lactate was seen in any case. The above findings suggest that maintenance of an adequate oxygen concentration and a carbon dioxide value over 20 mmHg would prevent cerebral ischemia following hypocarbia due to hyperventilation.

Triple Disruption of the Superior Shoulder Suspensory Complex

Chang-Meen Sung(성창민),Hyung Bin Park(박형빈) 대한견주관절의학회 2012 대한견주관절의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

상부 견갑 현수 복합체(Superior shoulder suspensory complex)의 3중 붕괴는 몇몇 저자들에 의해서만 보고된 극히 드문 손상이다. 저자들은 오구돌기, 견갑극 골절 및 견봉-쇄골 관절의 탈구가 동반된 상부 견갑 현수 복합체의 3중 붕괴 환자를 경험하였기에 보고하고자 한다. 본 환자의 경우 견봉-상완 및 오구-상완 간격을 유지하기 위하여 관혈적 정복 및 내고정을 시행하여 상부 견갑 현수 복합체의 3중 붕괴 모두를 해부학적으로 복원하여 치료하였다. 술 후 6개월에 증상 없이 관절운동범위를 모두 회복하였다. 최종 추시인 5년에는 상부 견갑 현수 복합체의 기능이 완전히 회복된 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 환자는 수술 결과에 대하여 크게 만족하였다. A triple disruption of the SSSC, an extremely rare injury, has been reported by only a few authors. We present a patient who had sustained a triple disruption of the SSSC: coracoid and scapular spine fractures, and an acromioclavicular joint separation. Treatment consisted of an anatomical restoration of the SSSC, with maintenance of the acromiohumeral and coracohumeral distances; this was achieved by open reduction and internal fixation of the fractures and of the separation. Six months after surgery, the injured shoulder was asymptomatic, with full range of motion. Five years after surgery, at the final follow-up, the function of the SSSC had been restored to the patients complete satisfaction.

Cytotoxic Effect of Aminoamide Local Anesthetics on Tenofibroblasts

Chang-Meen Sung,Young-Sool Hah,Jung-Been Nam,Hyung Bin Park 대한견주관절의학회 2011 대한견주관절학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.3

Comparative Study for Integrity Outcomes after Arthroscopic Rotator cuff Repair between under 70 Years Old Patients and 70 Years or Older

Chang-Meen Sung,Hyung Bin Park 대한견주관절의학회 2012 대한견주관절학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.11

Aminoamide 국소마취제의 연골세포 독성에 대한 Delphinidin의 예방효과

성창민(Chang-Meen Sung),박형빈(Hyung Bin Park) 대한견주관절의학회 2013 대한견주관절학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.3

Cytotoxic Effects of Ropivacaine, Bupivacaine, and Lidocaine on Rotator Cuff Tenofibroblasts

Sung, Chang-Meen,Hah, Young-Sool,Kim, Jin-Su,Nam, Jeoung-Bin,Kim, Ra Jeong,Lee, Sang-Jin,Park, Hyung Bin SAGE Publications 2014 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE - Vol.42 No.12

<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Concern has recently arisen over the safety of local anesthetics used on human tissues.</P><P><B>Hypothesis:</B></P><P>Aminoamide local anesthetics have cytotoxic effects on human rotator cuff tenofibroblasts.</P><P><B>Study Design:</B></P><P>Controlled laboratory study.</P><P><B>Methods:</B></P><P>Cultured human rotator cuff tenofibroblasts were divided into control, phosphate buffered saline (PBS), and local anesthetic study groups; the PBS study group was further subdivided by pH level (pH 7.4, 6.0, and 4.4). The 6 local anesthetic subgroups (0.2% and 0.75% ropivacaine, 0.25% and 0.5% bupivacaine, and 1% and 2% lidocaine) were also studied at 10% dilutions of their original concentrations. Exposure times were 5, 10, 20, 40, or 60 minutes for the higher concentrations and 2, 6, 12, 24, 48, or 72 hours for the lower concentrations. Cell viability was evaluated through live, apoptotic, and necrotic cell rates using the annexin V–propidium iodide double-staining method. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the activity of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) and caspase-3/7 were investigated.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>The control and PBS groups showed no significant differences in cell viability (<I>P</I> > .999). In the local anesthetic study groups, cell viability decreased significantly with increases in anesthetic concentrations (<I>P</I> < .001) and exposure times (<I>P</I> < .001), with the exception of the lidocaine subgroups, where this effect was masked by the very high cytotoxicity of even low concentrations. Among the studied local anesthetic subgroups, 0.2% ropivacaine was the least toxic. The levels of intracellular ROS of each local anesthetic subgroup also increased significantly (<I>P</I> < .05). The studied local anesthetics showed increases in the phosphorylation of extracellular signal–regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and p38 as well as in levels of caspase-3/7 activity (<I>P</I> < .001).</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>The cytotoxicity of the anesthetics studied to tenofibroblasts is dependent on exposure time and concentration. Of the evaluated anesthetics, ropivacaine is the least toxic in the clinically used concentration. The studied anesthetics induce tenofibroblast cell death, mediated by the increased production of ROS, by the increased activation of ERK1/2, JNK, and p38 and by the activation of caspase-3/7.</P><P><B>Clinical Relevance:</B></P><P>This study identified the cytotoxic mechanisms of aminoamide local anesthetics acting on rotator cuff tenofibroblasts. The greatest margin of safety was found in lower anesthetic concentrations in general and more specifically in the use of ropivacaine.</P>

상완골 근위부 분쇄 골절에서의 상완골 두 치환술의 단기 추시 결과

성창민(Chang-Meen Sung),조세현(Se-Hyun Cho),정순택(Soon-Taek Jung),황선철(Sun-Chul Hwang),박형빈(Hyung-Bin Park) 대한견주관절의학회 2007 대한견주관절학회지 Vol.10 No.1

극관절와 결절성 낭포의 관절경적 감압술 및 상부관절와순 봉합술 후 잔존 낭포의 경과

성창민(Chang-Meen Sung),이상혁(Sang-hyuk Lee),박형빈(Hyung Bin Park) 대한견주관절의학회 2010 대한견주관절학회지 Vol.13 No.1

서론: 견갑상 신경 마비를 유발하는 극관절와 결절성 낭포에 대하여 여러 가지 치료 방법이 알려져 있으나, 술 후 잔존하는 낭포의 경과에 대한 보고는 미미한 실정이다 대상 및 방법: 견갑상 신경 마비를 동반한 극관절와 결절성 낭포에 대해 관절경적 감압술 및 상부 관절와순 봉합술 시행 후, 평균 15 (12~23)개월 추시 가능하였던 6예를 대상으로 하였다. 술 후, 초음파 및 자기공명 영상으로 극관절와 결정성 낭포의 잔존 여부를 확인하였다. 결과: 수술 직후 시행한 초음파 검사상 5예에서 결절성 낭포가 잔존하고 있었으며, 1예의 경우 완전 소실되었다. 술 후 3개월에 시행한 초음파 검사상 모든 예에서 잔여 낭포가 소실 되었고, 술 후 1년에 시행한 자기공명영상에서도 재발된 경우는 없었다. 결론: 극관절와 결절성 낭포의 관절경적 감압술 및 상부관절와순 봉합술 후 잔존하는 낭포는 3개월 이내 자연 흡수되는 경향이 있는 것으로 판단한다. Purpose: There are many known treatment modalities for spinoglenoid ganglion cyst accompanied by suprascapular nerve palsy. However, to the author’s knowledge, there is no report on the follow-up outcomes focused on remnant cysts. Materials and Methods: Six (n=6) patients with spinoglenoid ganglion cyst accompanied by suprascapular nerve palsy, with a mean follow-up of 15 months (12-23months) following arthroscopic cyst decompression and superior labral repair, were enrolled. Residual cyst was investigated by ultrasonography and MRI. Results: Immediate postoperative ultrasonography revealed complete remission of ganglion cyst in one patient and reduced ganglion cyst size in five patients. Three-month follow-up ultrasonography showed spontaneous complete remission of the residual cysts in all patients. No recurrence on MRI was seen at one-year follow-up. Conclusion: Residual spinoglenoid ganglion cyst remaining after arthroscopic decompression and superior labral repair tends to resolve spontaneously within 3 months of surgery.

한반도 동남부 백악기 경상분지의 형성과 변형에 관한 질의

유인창(In-Chang Ryu),최선규(Seon-Gyu Choi),위수민(Soo-Meen Wee) 대한자원환경지질학회 2006 자원환경지질 Vol.39 No.2

한반도 동남부에 위치하는 백악기 경상분지의 지구조적 진화에 대한 이해를 위해 기존에 발표되었던 층서퇴적학, 고생물학, 고지자기학 및 지구물리학 자료들이 재검토되었다. 이들 자료와 분지 내 화성활동 및 광화작용에 대한 지질연대 자료와의 통합을 통해 경상분지에 대한 새로운 층서틀 및 경상분지 형성과 변형에 관한 구조적 모델이 제안되었다. 새로운 층서틀은 경상분지 내 퇴적층이 전열개, 동시열개, 변형 I, 변형 II, 변형 III 단계로 대표되는 5개의 층서단위로 세분될 수 있다는 것을 지시한다. 경상분지는 쥬라기 말 남-북 방향의 신장응력에 의한 전열개 단계와 전기 백악기의 동-서 방향의 신장응력에 의한 동시열개 단계를 거쳐 분지가 형성되었다. 후기 백악기에 들어오면서 남-북 및 북서-남동, 동-서 방향의 3단계 순차적인 압축응력에 의해 분지가 변형되었다. 이러한 경상분지의 발달사는 백악기 동안에 북에서 북서 방향으로 전이되어진 이자나기판의 이동 방향의 변환에 의해 지배된 것으로 나타난다. 전기백악기에 이자나기판은 북쪽을 향하여 유라시아판 밑으로 섭입을 시작하였으며, 한반도 남부에 좌수향의 주향이동성단층계를 형성시켰다. 이 주향이동성 단층계의 좌수향 이동에 의해 한반도 동남부에 동-서 방향의 신장응력이 발생되어 경상분지와 같은 인리형 분지들이 발달되었다. 그러나 후기 백악기 동안에 일어난 이자나기판의 북서 방향으로의 섭입은 분지 내 광범위한 화산활동과 함께 순차적인 변형을 주도하였던 것으로 판단된다. 본 연구의 결과로 제시된 경상분지에 대한 새로운 층서틀 및 분지발달 모델은 한반도 백악기 경상분지에 대한 새로운 지사의 정립과 함께 분지 내 부존되어 있는 유용자원의 탐사와 개발에 있어 효율성을 향상 시킬 수 있을 것으로 기대되며, 향후 인접 지역 에 위치하는 백악기 퇴적분지들과의 시간 및 공간적 대비를 통해 동아시아 백악기 지체구조운동 발달사 연구를 위한 새로운 지질학적 사고의 틀을 제공한다. Previously published stratigraphic, sedimentologic, paleontologic, paleomagnetic and geophysical data are reviewed to make an understanding on the tectonic evolution of the Cretaceous Gyeongsang (Kyongsang) basin, southeast Korea. A stratigraphic framework and a tectonic model on the formation and deformation of the Gyeongsang Basin are newly proposed on the basis of integration these data with magmatism and mineralization ages in the basin. A newly proposed stratigraphic framework indicates that strata in the basin can be subdivided into five distinct stratigraphic units that represent pre-rifting, syn-rifting, inversion I, II, and III stages. The Gyeongsang Basin was formed initially as a pre-rifting stage due to north-south extension in the Late Jurassic prior to a syn-rifting stage that resulted from east-west extension during the Early Cretaceous. In the Late Cretaceous, the basin was deformed by three-staged sequential deformation of north-south, northwest-southeast, and east-west compressions. The tectonic history of the basin has been largely controlled by the change of motion of the Izanagi Plate from north to northwest during the Cretaceous. In the early Cretaceous, the Izanagi Plate began to subduct northward beneath the Eurasian Plate and caused the left-lateral strike-slip fault systems in the southern part of the peninsula. The left-lateral wrenching of these fault systems was causally linked to development of pull-apart basins, such as the Gyeongsang Basin in the southeastern part of the peninsula. However, northwestward movement of the Izanagi Plate during the Late Cretaceous probably led to the extensive volcanism as well as sequential deformations in the basin. The stratigraphic and tectonic model, which is newly proposed as a result of this study, may be expected to enhancing the efficiency for exploration and exploitation of useful mineral resources in the basin as well as establishing geologic history in the Cretaceous Gyeongsang Basin. Together with the spatial and temporal correlation of the Cretaceous basins in adjacent areas, this stratigraphic and tectonic model provides a new geologic paradigm to delineate the sophisticated tectonic history of East Asia during the Cretaceous.