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상수도 원격검침시스템의 현장 적용성 평가 및 가정용수 사용량 분석
주진철(Jin Chul Joo),안호상(Ho Sang Ahn),안창혁(Chang Hyuck Ahn),고경록(Kyung Rok Ko),오현제(Hyun Je Oh) 大韓環境工學會 2012 대한환경공학회지 Vol.34 No.10
본 연구를 통해 개발된 15mm 구경 자기저항(magneto-resistance) 방식의 디지털 수도계량기를 활용해 인천시 B구 S동 일대 아파트 단지 내 96가구에 상수도 원격검침시스템을 설치 후 현장적용성을 검토하였다. 현장 성능시험은 2011년 7월부터 2011년 12월까지 수행되었고 데이터의 평균 정상 수신율은 와이브로망의 불안정으로 인한 통신 두절, 계량기 보호함 및 설치 환경에 따른 통신 음영지역 발생, 유무선 공유기의 일시적 오작동으로 인해 84.6%로 비교적 낮은 수신율을 나타냈다. 현장 성능시험에 참여한 수용가 중 세대구성원수가 각각 1∼5명에 해당하는 대표 세대를 층화추출법(stratified random sampling)으로 추출하여 총 10가구의 가정용수 사용량을 분석한 결과, 8월에 가정용수를 가장 많이 사용한 반면, 9월에는 가정용수 사용량이 감소되고 다시 11월에 증가한 후 12월에 감소되는 추세를 보였다. 이는 계절의 변화에 따른 기상요인(온도, 습도 등)이 가정용수 사용량에 영향을 미치기 때문인 것으로 판단된다. 세대수를 30세대로 증가시킨 후 계절별 1인 1일 용수 사용량(Lpcd)을 분석 후 다항식(polynominal function)을 활용한 회귀곡선을 통해 추세선을 도출한 결과, 1인 1일 용수 사용량(Lpcd)은 세대의 총 가정용수 사용량과 유사하게 계절적 주기성을 나타냈으며, 구성원수가 적은 가구(1인, 2인의 구성원)일수록 명확한 계절적 주기성을 나타냈다. 연구에 참여한 96가구 수용가 전체가구의 세대 구성원별 1인 1일 용수 사용량(Lpcd)을 분석한 결과, 세대 구성원이 1인 증가함에 따라 1인 1일 용수사용량이 약 14%씩 감소하는 것으로 조사되었다. 이러한 결과는 1인이 거주하는 세대에서도 사용할 수밖에 없는 세탁, 음료, 취사, 청소용수 등의 생활에 필히 요구되는 가정용수 사용량이 있는 반면, 거주 인원이 많은 경우 공동 활용을 통해 이를 절감할 수 있는 효과를 얻을 수 있기 때문으로 판단된다. After the construction of waterworks automatic meter reading with 15 mm diameter digital water mater with magnetoresistance sensor developed in this study at 96 households of apartment complexes located in Incheon-City B-Gu S-Dong, the feasibility of field application of waterworks automatic meter reading was evaluated. The field application of waterworks automatic meter reading was performed from July to December in 2011, and average reception rate was as low as 84.6% due to the instable wibro networks, the existence of communication blackout and temporary malfunction of router. After the extraction of 10 households with one to five residents out of 96 households by using stratified random sampling method and analysis of domestic water use, it was found that domestic water use was significant at August and showed a decreasing trend at September, followed by increase in domestic water use at November and decrease in domestic water use at December. This phenomenon should be attributed to weather factors (temperature, humidity, etc.), which significantly affected domestic water use. Similar trend in domestic water use in terms of weather factors was obtained in case of Liter per capita day of water use after the extraction of 30 households out of 96 households by using stratified random sampling method. After analysis of Liter per capita day for 96 households, single residents increases resulted in reduction of domestic water usage by about 14% of Liter per capita day. These results might be due to the fact that domestic water usage such as laundry, beverages, catering, cleaning, etc. should be required for even the household with one resident, whereas domestic water usage for those common utilization can be significantly saved for the household with more than one resident.
조항주(Hang Joo Cho),황인용(In Yong Whang),김지일(Ji Il Kim),안창혁(Chang Hyuck Ahn),김정수(Jeong Soo Kim),유승진(Seung Jin Yoo),임근우(Keun Woo Lim) 대한외과학회 2008 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.75 No.2
Purpose: We wanted to evaluate the value of intravenous contrast enhanced abdomen-pelvis computed tomography (CT) for diagnosing acute appendicitis and we wanted to determine which patients groups will benefit from preoperative CT. Methods: Between January and June 2006, the medical records of 354 patients who had clinically suspected acute appendicitis were retrospectively reviewed. Appendectomy was performed in 260 patients and CT was conducted in 108 patients of the 260 patients. The 5㎜ slice CT scans were evaluated for the presence of appendicitis. The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of CT were calculated. The negative appendectomy rate (NAR) was compared between the patients with CT scans and those without CT scans. Furthermore, the patients were classified into the children and adults groups and the male and female groups and the differences of the NARs were analyzed for each group. Results: The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 95%, 93% and 94%, respectively. The NAR was lower for the patients with a CT scan (12%) compared to 27% for those patients without CT scans (P=0.002). The difference of the NAR between the preoperative CT group and the without CT group was statistically significant for the female (P=0.004) and adult groups (P=0.012) (14% vs 36%, 11% vs 26%, respectively). Conclusion: Preoperative intravenous contrast enhanced abdomen-pelvis CT was effective in reducing the negative appendectomy rate in patients who were suspected of having acute appendicitis. Especially, the adults and women benefit more from CT scanning and they had a significantly lower negative appendectomy rate than the children and men, respectively.
A Clinical Analysis of 100 Cases of Gasless Endoscopic Thyroidectomy
Jeong Soo Kim(김정수),Chung Goo Kim(김정구),Kee Hwan Kim(김기환),Chang Hyuck Ahn(안창혁),Hae Myung Jeon(전해명),Keun Woo Lim(임근우),Eung Kook Kim(김응국),Chung Soo Chun(전정수),Jai Hak Lee(이재학),Hyun Shik Son(손현식),Jung Min L 대한외과학회 2002 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.63 No.1