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Chambers, S. D.,Hong, S.-B.,Williams, A. G.,Crawford, J.,Griffiths, A. D.,Park, S.-J. Copernicus GmbH 2014 Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Vol.14 No.18
<P>Abstract. We report on one year of high-precision direct hourly radon observations at King Sejong Station (King George Island) beginning in February 2013. Findings are compared with historic and ongoing radon measurements from other Antarctic sites. Monthly median concentrations reduced from 72 mBq m−3 in late-summer to 44 mBq m−3 in late winter and early spring. Monthly 10th percentiles, ranging from 29 to 49 mBq m−3, were typical of oceanic baseline values. Diurnal cycles were rarely evident and local influences were minor, consistent with regional radon flux estimates one tenth of the global average for ice-free land. The predominant fetch region for terrestrially influenced air masses was South America (47-53° S), with minor influences also attributed to aged Australian air masses and local sources. Plume dilution factors of 2.8-4.0 were estimated for the most terrestrially influenced (South American) air masses, and a seasonal cycle in terrestrial influence on tropospheric air descending at the pole was identified and characterised. </P>
Liturgy and Sacred Space: Placing Susan Glaspell’s The Outside in American Drama
Chambers Claire Maria 호남대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2018 人文社會科學硏究 Vol.59 No.1
Even though cultural geography has long exerted a productive influence on theatre studies, the relationship between modern drama and sacred or religious geography has yet to be thoroughly explored. Glaspell’s The Outside is influenced by religion as much as it constructs a sacred geography for the theatre. By reading The Outside through the paradigm of liturgical theology, this essay argues that Glaspell uses the imagery of a natural, exterior, and sacred landscape to open her audience up to the importance of the interior landscape of the spirit.
Chambers, Scott D.,Kim, Ki-Hyun,Kwon, Eilhann E.,Brown, Richard J.C.,Griffiths, Alan D.,Crawford, Jagoda Elsevier 2017 Science of the Total Environment Vol.580 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The combined influences of recent mitigation measures on urban air quality have been assessed using hourly observations of the criteria air pollutants (NO, NO<SUB>2</SUB>, O<SUB>3</SUB>, CO, and SO<SUB>2</SUB>) made from the Yongsan district of Seoul, Korea, over 26years (1987 to 2013). A number of data selection criteria are proposed in order to minimize variability associated with temporal changes (at diurnal, weekly, and seasonal timescales) in source strengths, their spatial distribution, and the atmospheric volume into which they mix. The temporal constraints required to better characterize relationships between observed air quality and changes in source strengths in Seoul were identified as: (i) a 5-hour diurnal sampling window (1300–1700h), (b) weekday measurements (Monday to Friday only), and (c) summer measurements (when pollutant fetch is mostly Korea-specific, and mean wind speeds are the lowest). Using these selection criteria, we were able to closely relate long-term trends identified in criteria pollutants to a number of published changes to traffic-related source strengths brought about by mitigation measures adopted over the last 10–15years.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Improved long-term analysis of urban air quality in the central Seoul region. </LI> <LI> We demonstrate the existence, magnitude, and temporal changes of ambient air pollutants. </LI> <LI> Improved analysis techniques for investigating long-term changes in urban air pollution. </LI> <LI> Clearly demonstrate the efficacy of mitigation measures on Seoul air quality since 1987. </LI> <LI> Identify causes of large inter-annual variability in Seoul air quality in summer. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Genome-wide association study identifies loci influencing concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma
Chambers, John C,Zhang, Weihua,Sehmi, Joban,Li, Xinzhong,Wass, Mark N,Van der Harst, Pim,Holm, Hilma,Sanna, Serena,Kavousi, Maryam,Baumeister, Sebastian E,Coin, Lachlan J,Deng, Guohong,Gieger, Christi Nature Publishing Group, a division of Macmillan P 2011 Nature genetics Vol.43 No.11
Concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma are widely used as indicators of liver disease. We carried out a genome-wide association study in 61,089 individuals, identifying 42 loci associated with concentrations of liver enzymes in plasma, of which 32 are new associations (P = 10<SUP>??8</SUP> to P = 10<SUP>??190</SUP>). We used functional genomic approaches including metabonomic profiling and gene expression analyses to identify probable candidate genes at these regions. We identified 69 candidate genes, including genes involved in biliary transport (ATP8B1 and ABCB11), glucose, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism (FADS1, FADS2, GCKR, JMJD1C, HNF1A, MLXIPL, PNPLA3, PPP1R3B, SLC2A2 and TRIB1), glycoprotein biosynthesis and cell surface glycobiology (ABO, ASGR1, FUT2, GPLD1 and ST3GAL4), inflammation and immunity (CD276, CDH6, GCKR, HNF1A, HPR, ITGA1, RORA and STAT4) and glutathione metabolism (GSTT1, GSTT2 and GGT), as well as several genes of uncertain or unknown function (including ABHD12, EFHD1, EFNA1, EPHA2, MICAL3 and ZNF827). Our results provide new insight into genetic mechanisms and pathways influencing markers of liver function.
Chambers, Suzanne Kathleen,Hyde, Melissa Karen,Ip, David Fu-Keung,Dunn, Jeffrey Charles,Gardiner, Robert Alexander Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.4
Background: To review the peer reviewed literature on the psychological aspects of the prostate cancer experience of men in Asia. Materials and Methods: Medline and PsycINFO, CINAHL, ProQuest, and Web of Science (1999 - November Week 4, 2012) were searched. Inclusion criteria were: included men with prostate cancer and/or their partners or caregivers who identify as Asian recruited in an Asian country; and assessed health-related quality of life, psychological and social adjustment relating to prostate cancer and published in English after $1^{st}$ January 1999 and prior to $30^{th}$ November, 2012. Study aims; design; quality; level of evidence, and key results were assessed. Results: 43 articles met all inclusion criteria and were retained for initial review. Of these most focussed on health-related QOL with only five evidence Level IV studies from Japan and Taiwan including a specific psychological focus. Of these, one was a cross-sectional case control study; three were cross-sectional descriptive quantitative designs; one was a cross-sectional descriptive qualitative study. From the data available, a substantive sub group of men with prostate cancer (approximately one third) in these countries experience clinically high psychological distress and decision regret. Conclusions: Research on the psychological needs of men with the increasingly prevalent condition of prostate cancer in Asian countries is scant with only a small number of low level evidence descriptive studies identified. Future research to underpin the development and evaluation of effective and culturally relevant psychological and supportive care interventions for such men is urgently needed.
Christopher Chambers,Yong Cchun Kim 대한건축학회 2021 Architectural research Vol.23 No.4
This paper examines the issue of heritage preservation by revitalization based in Hong Kong and in particular highlighting the ways in which preservation and urban development can be complementary forces instead of in opposition. Hong Kong and its architectural history is briefly discussed, before explaining the relevant Government measures that are in place with regards to built heritage. The statutory bodies and the level of protection given to heritage buildings are key factors in establishing a basis for the notion of Hong Kong’s heritage preservation policies and as such are important to consider when determining any future urban development. Successful revitalization projects will be discussed which are all direct consequences of Hong Kong’s more recent change in policies towards heritage preservation.
Edgy Amity along the Mekong: Thai-Lao Relations in a Transforming Regional Equilibrium
Paul Chambers 서울대학교행정대학원 2009 Asian Journal of Political Science Vol.17 No.1
In 1994, the opening of the Friendship Bridge commenced an apparent thawing of tiesbetween Thailand and Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR). Out of deep sociohistoricalantagonisms and Cold War acrimony, the two countries seemed suited now foramity. But amity has continued to be edgy. Meanwhile, other countries in the region*China and Vietnam*vie for influence with Thailand over Lao. Amidst a rapidlyintegrating Mekong market and changing regional equilibrium, this study seeks answersto the following questions: What are the most significant Thai-Lao state security interestsand how do they mesh with human security*especially in relation to economic interests?Why do Thailand and Lao currently appear to be highlighting economic ties to thedetriment of military preparedness and human security? How is the shifting equilibriumin the Mekong Region shaping the future of Thai-Lao relations? The study hypothesizesthat despite tensions, in an age of enhanced state-market linkages, Thailand and Laoprioritize economic collaboration over military and human security considerations.