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Experimental Investigation of Aluminum Alloy and Steel Core Buckling Restrained Braces (BRBs)
Cigdem Avci-Karatas,Oguz C. Celik,Cem Yalcin 한국강구조학회 2018 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.18 No.2
Buckling restrained braces (BRBs) display balanced hysteretic behavior under reversed cyclic tension and compression forces and dissipate a signifi cant amount of seismic energy during credible earthquakes. This paper reports on an experimental investigation of newly developed BRBs with diff erent core materials (steel and aluminum alloy) and end connection details. A total of four full-scale BRBs with two steel cores and outer tubes (BRB-SC4 and BRB-SC5) as well as two with aluminum alloy cores and aluminum outer tubes (BRB-AC1 and BRB-AC3) with specifi c end details were designed as per the AISC Seismic Provisions, manufactured and cyclically tested. These tests made it possible to compare the impact of the steel and aluminum alloy material characteristics on the hysteretic behavior and energy dissipation capacities. The proposed steel and aluminum alloy core BRBs with various end details achieved the desired behavior, while no global buckling occurred under large inelastic displacement cycles.
T. Bayril,A.S. Yildiz,F. Akdemir,C. Yalcin,M. Kose,O. Yilmaz 아세아·태평양축산학회 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.8
This study aimed to determine the effects of parenteral selenium (Se) and vitamin E supplementation on economic impact, milk yield, and some reproductive parameters in high-yield dairy cows in the dry period and in those at the beginning of lactation. At the beginning of the dry period, cows (n = 323) were randomly divided into three groups as follows: Treatment 1 (T1), Treatment 2 (T2), and Control (C). Cows in group T1 received this preparation 21 days before calving and on calving day, and cows in group T2 received it only on calving day. The cows in the control group did not receive this preparation. Supplementation with Se increased Se serum levels of cows treated at calving day (p<0.05). Differences in milk yield at all weeks and the electrical conductivity values at the 8th and 12th weeks were significant (p<0.05). Supplementation with Se and Vitamin E decreased the incidence of metritis, the number of services per conception and the service period, but had no effects on the incidence of retained fetal membrane. A partial budgeting analysis indicated that Se supplementation was economically profitable; cows in group T1 averaged 240.6$ per cow, those in group T2 averaged 224.6$ per cow. Supplementation with Se and Vitamin E has been found to increase serum Se levels, milk yield, and has positive effects on udder health by decreasing milk conductivity values and incidence of sub-clinical mastitis.
Bayril, T.,Yildiz, A.S.,Akdemir, F.,Yalcin, C.,Kose, M.,Yilmaz, O. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.8
This study aimed to determine the effects of parenteral selenium (Se) and vitamin E supplementation on economic impact, milk yield, and some reproductive parameters in high-yield dairy cows in the dry period and in those at the beginning of lactation. At the beginning of the dry period, cows (n = 323) were randomly divided into three groups as follows: Treatment 1 (T1), Treatment 2 (T2), and Control (C). Cows in group T1 received this preparation 21 days before calving and on calving day, and cows in group T2 received it only on calving day. The cows in the control group did not receive this preparation. Supplementation with Se increased Se serum levels of cows treated at calving day (p<0.05). Differences in milk yield at all weeks and the electrical conductivity values at the 8th and 12th weeks were significant (p<0.05). Supplementation with Se and Vitamin E decreased the incidence of metritis, the number of services per conception and the service period, but had no effects on the incidence of retained fetal membrane. A partial budgeting analysis indicated that Se supplementation was economically profitable; cows in group T1 averaged 240.6$ per cow, those in group T2 averaged 224.6$ per cow. Supplementation with Se and Vitamin E has been found to increase serum Se levels, milk yield, and has positive effects on udder health by decreasing milk conductivity values and incidence of sub-clinical mastitis.