Effects of Dietary Fermented Chlorella vulgaris (CBT^®) on Growth Performance, Relative Organ Weights, Cecal Microflora, Tibia Bone Characteristics, and Meat Qualities in Pekin Ducks

Oh, S.T.,Zheng, L.,Kwon, H.J.,Choo, Y.K.,Lee, K.W.,Kang, C.W.,An, Byoung-Ki Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.1

Fermented Chlorella vulgaris was examined for its effects on growth performance, cecal microflora, tibia bone strength, and meat qualities in commercial Pekin ducks. A total of three hundred, day-old male Pekin ducks were divided into three groups with five replicates (n = 20 ducklings per replicate) and offered diets supplemented with commercial fermented C. vulgaris (CBT$^{(R)}$) at the level of 0, 1,000 or 2,000 mg/kg, respectively for 6 wks. The final body weight was linearly (p = 0.001) increased as the addition of fermented C. vulgaris into diets increased. Similarly, dietary C. vulgaris linearly increased body weight gain (p = 0.001) and feed intake (p = 0.001) especially at the later days of the feeding trial. However, there was no C. vulgaris effect on feed efficiency. Relative weights of liver were significantly lowered by dietary fermented C. vulgaris (linear effect at p = 0.044). Dietary fermented C. vulgaris did not affect total microbes, lactic acid bacteria, and coliforms in cecal contents. Finally, meat quality parameters such as meat color (i.e., yellowness), shear force, pH, or water holding capacity were altered by adding fermented C. vulgaris into the diet. In our knowledge, this is the first report to show that dietary fermented C. vulgaris enhanced meat qualities of duck meats. In conclusion, our study indicates that dietary fermented C. vulgaris exerted benefits on productivity and can be employed as a novel, nutrition-based strategy to produce value-added duck meats.

냉간가공이 425℃-550℃ 에서 지르코늄의 산화에 미치는 영향

이기순,이병휘,박평주 대한금속재료학회(대한금속학회) 1971 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.8 No.4

冷間加工이 지르코늄의 酸化에 미치는 影響을 究明하였다. 1/4"지름의 지르코늄棒(99.9%)을 두께 2.0 ㎜의 圓板으로 만들어 2×10^(-4)mmHg의 眞空에서 800℃ 1時間 燒鈍한후 0%에서 30%까지 10%의 增加率로써 單一軸方向으로 壓縮하였다. 測定된 지르코늄의 酸化는 時間의 立方根의 極數로 表示할 수 있으며 加工度에는 反比例하였다. 酸化에 必要한 活性化에너지는 425℃∼490℃에서 36.6 ㎉/mole 490℃∼550℃에서 45.7 ㎉/mole이었으며 Arrhenius rate equation의 常數項만이 加工度(D%)인 影響을 받어 A_d=A_o(1-0.008D)로 表示할 수 있었다. 酸化率常數는 加工度의 極數로 다음과 같이 求하여졌다. 425℃∼490℃ K_c=1.85×10^(-5)(1-0.008D) exp (-36.600/RT) 490℃∼550℃ K_c=6.95×10^(-3)(1-0.008D) exp (-45.700/RT) The cold work dependence of the change of oxidation rate was studied. Specimens cut into 2.0 ㎜ thickness disk from zirconium rod (99.9%) were annealed in the vaccum tube furnace at 800℃ for 1 hour, and than uniaxially cold compressed from 0 to 30% with 10% increment. The oxidation rate was decreased with increase in the degree of cold work. The activation energy was calculated to be 36.6 and 45.7 ㎉/mole for low temperature (425-490℃) and high temperature region (490℃-550℃), respectively. The constant of Arrhenius rate equation was dependent variable of the degree of cold work (D%) and best expressed by the following from A_d=A_o (1-0.008D). The cold work dependent rate can be expressed as follows: 425℃-490℃ K_c=1.85×10^(-5)(1-0.008D) exp (-36.000/RT) 490℃-550℃ K_c=6.95×10^(-3)(1-0.008D) exp (-45.700/RT)

The Amniotic Fluid Proteome Differs Significantly between Donor and Recipient Fetuses in Pregnancies Complicated by Twin-to-Twin Transfusion Syndrome

김선민,Byoung-Kyu Cho,Byoung Jae Kim,Ha Yun Lee,Errol R. Norwitz,Min Jueng Kang,Seung Mi Lee,박찬욱,Jong Kwan Jun,Eugene C. Yi,박중신 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.10

Background: Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a serious complication of monochorionic twin pregnancies. It results from disproportionate blood supply to each fetus caused by abnormal vascular anastomosis within the placenta. Amniotic fluid (AF) is an indicator reflecting the various conditions of the fetus, and an imbalance in AF volume is essential for the antenatal diagnosis of TTTS by ultrasound. In this study, two different mass spectrometry quantitative approaches were performed to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) within matched pairs of AF samples. Methods: We characterized the AF proteome in pooled AF samples collected from donor and recipient twin pairs (n = 5 each) with TTTS by a global proteomics profiling approach and then preformed the statistical analysis to determine the DEPs between the two groups. Next, we carried out a targeted proteomic approach (multiple reaction monitoring) with DEPs to achieve high-confident TTTS-associated AF proteins. Results: A total of 103 AF proteins that were significantly altered in their abundances between donor and recipient fetuses. The majority of upregulated proteins identified in the recipient twins (including carbonic anhydrase 1, fibrinogen alpha chain, aminopeptidase N, alpha-fetoprotein, fibrinogen gamma chain, and basement membrane-specific heparan sulfate proteoglycan core protein) have been associated with cardiac or dermatologic disease, which is often seen in recipient twins as a result of volume overload. In contrast, proteins significantly upregulated in AF collected from donor twins (including IgGFc-binding protein, apolipoprotein C-I, complement C1q subcomponent subunit B, apolipoprotein C-III, apolipoprotein A-II, decorin, alpha-2-macroglobulin, apolipoprotein A-I, and fibronectin) were those previously shown to be associated with inflammation, ischemic cardiovascular complications or renal disease. Conclusion: In this study, we identified proteomic biomarkers in AF collected from donor and recipient twins in pregnancies complicated by TTTS that appear to reflect underlying functional and pathophysiological challenges faced by each of the fetuses.

4-1BB functions as a survival factor in dendritic cells.

Choi, Beom K,Kim, Young H,Kwon, Patrick M,Lee, Sang C,Kang, Sang W,Kim, Moon S,Lee, Myoung J,Kwon, Byoung S Williams Wilkins 2009 JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY Vol.182 No.7

<P>4-1BB (CD137) is expressed on dendritic cells (DCs) and its biological function has remained largely unresolved. By comparing 4-1BB-intact (4-1BB(+/+)) and 4-1BB-deficient (4-1BB(-/-)) DCs, we found that 4-1BB was strongly induced on DCs during the maturation and that DC maturation was normal in the absence of 4-1BB. However, DC survival rate was low in the absence of 4-1BB, which was due to the decreased Bcl-2 and Bcl-x(L) in 4-1BB(-/-) DCs compared with 4-1BB(+/+) DCs after DC maturation. Consistent with these results, 4-1BB(-/-) DCs showed an increased turnover rate in steady state and more severely decreased in spleen by injecting LPS compared with 4-1BB(+/+) DCs. When OVA-pulsed DCs were adoptively transferred to recipient mice along with OVA-specific CD4(+) T cells, 4-1BB(-/-) DCs did not properly migrate to the T cell zone in lymph nodes and poorly induced proliferation of CD4(+) T cells, although both DCs comparably expressed functional CCR7. Eventually, 4-1BB(-/-) DCs generated a reduced number of OVA-specific memory CD4(+) T cells compared with 4-1BB(+/+) DCs. To further assess the role of 4-1BB on DC longevity in vivo, 4-1BB(+/+) and 4-1BB(-/-) C57BL/6 were administrated with Propionibacterium acnes that develop liver granuloma by recruiting DCs. Number and size of granuloma were reduced in the absence of 4-1BB, but the inflammatory cytokine level was comparable between the mice, which implied that the granuloma might be reduced due to the decreased longevity of DCs. These results demonstrate that 4-1BB on DCs controls the duration, DC-T interaction, and, therefore, immunogenicity.</P>

The Long-term Clinical Efficacy of Biofeedback Therapy for Patients With Constipation or Fecal Incontinence

( Byoung Hwan Lee ),( Na Young Kim ),( Sung Bum Kang ),( So Yeon Kim ),( Kyoung Ho Lee ),( Bo Youn Im ),( Jung Hee Jee ),( Jane C. Oh ),( Young Soo Park ),( Dong Ho Lee ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2010 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.16 No.2

Background/Aims: There has been a controversy regarding the usefulness of biofeedback therapy for functional constipation or fecal incontinence. This study was performed to investigate the Long-term clinical efficacy of biofeedback therapy. Methods: Sixty-four patients with constipation or fecal incontinence received biofeedback therapy for 4 weeks. Symptom improvements were evaluated immediately after the completion of biofeedback therapy and during the follow-up period of about 12 to 64 months. Results: Twenty-five patients in the constipation group [mean age of 52.1 years, 16 men (64.0%)] received 6.2 sessions of biofeedback therapy. Improvement of constipation after the completion of biofeedback therapy was as follows: major response (or improvement) in 3 patients (12.0%), fair in 6 (24.0%), minor in 11 (44.0%) and none in 5 (20.0%). Among 9 patients who showed major or fair improvement, 8 patients (88.9%) maintained the symptom improvement through the Long term follow-up periods. Thirty-nine patients in the fecal incontinence group [59.7 years old, 15 men (38.5%)] received 6.8 sessions of biofeedback therapy. Improvement of incontinence after the completion of biofeedback therapy was as follows: major improvement in 6 patients (15.4%), fair in 14 (35.9%), minor in 14 (35.9%), and none in 5 (12.8%). All 11 patients with major or fair improvement maintained the symptom improvement to the end of follow-up periods. Conclusions: Symptom improvements after biofeedback therapy were disappointing in both the constipation and incontinence group. However, when the symptom improvements were classified as major or fair, the improvements continued for at Least a year.(J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010;16:177-185)

Case Report : Two Cases of Chronic Idiopathic Intestinal Pseudo-obstruction with Different Clinical Features

( Byoung Hwan Lee ),( Na Young Kim ),( Sung Bum Kang ),( Kyoung Ho Lee ),( Jane C. Oh ),( Sun Mi Kim ),( Young Soo Park ),( Dong Ho Lee ) 대한소화관운동학회 2010 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.16 No.1

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare disorder characterized by a severe impairment of gastrointestinal propulsion in the absence of mechanical obstruction. We experienced a case of chronic pseudo-obstruction in the initial phase mimicking acute pseudo-obstruction, which was treated medically. This ongoing case was compared to another recurrent and intractable case successfully treated with surgery and diagnosed as hypoganglionosis. These two cases showed different clinical features and therapeutic approaches for CIPO; one with the first episode of CIPO mimicking Ogilvie`s syndrome; the other with recurrent episodes of CIPO with typical features. In conclusion, CIPO is a difficult disorder with various clinical manifestations and different treatment modalities, therefore individualized diagnostic and therapeutic approaches are needed.(J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2010;16:83-89)

Amyloid-β-related and unrelated cortical thinning in dementia with Lewy bodies

Lee, Young-gun,Jeon, Seun,Yoo, Han Soo,Chung, Seok Jong,Lee, Seung-Koo,Lee, Phil Hyu,Sohn, Young Ho,Yun, Mijin,Evans, Alan C.,Ye, Byoung Seok Elsevier 2018 NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING Vol.72 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Coexisting Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology is common in patients with dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). To evaluate the cortical thinning in patients with DLB considering the effect of amyloid-β (Aβ), we compared the regional cortical thickness between control subjects and patients with DLB with abnormal dopamine transporter imaging. Seventeen (43.6%) of 39 patients with DLB and no control subjects had significant Aβ deposition on <SUP>18</SUP>F-florbetaben positron emission tomography. Compared to control (n = 15), Aβ-negative DLB group (n = 21) had cortical thinning in the bilateral insula, entorhinal, basal frontal, and occipito-parietal cortices. Compared to Aβ-negative DLB, Aβ-positive DLB group (n = 15) had a lower cortical thickness in the AD-prone brain regions in addition to the bilateral occipital, basal frontal, and somatomotor cortices. After controlling for the amount of Aβ deposition, DLB group had cortical thinning in the same regions affected in the Aβ-negative DLB group. In summary, patients with DLB had an Aβ-independent cortical thinning, while Aβ was associated with additional cortical thinning in the AD-prone brain regions and the aggravation of DLB-specific cortical thinning.</P>

New Insight Into PBTI Evaluation Method for nMOSFETs With Stacked High- <tex> $k$</tex>/IL Gate Dielectric

Sang Kyung Lee,Minseok Jo,Chang-Woo Sohn,Chang Yong Kang,Lee, J. C.,Yoon-Ha Jeong,Byoung Hun Lee IEEE 2012 IEEE electron device letters Vol.33 No.11

<P>In this letter, a strategy to minimize the error in lifetime projections using a positive bias temperature instability (PBTI) test has been proposed. Two distinctly different projection slopes were observed in a plot of time to failure versus oxide electric field. A small slope in the high-field region, which means weaker electric field dependence, led to an underestimation of lifetime. This result was attributed to a filled trap cluster at a specific trap energy level, locally reducing the oxide electric field. Thus, different lifetimes can be projected depending on stress bias. Maintaining a PBTI stress bias range below this trap energy level is recommended for accurate projections.</P>

Aberrant Phosphorylation of the Human Tau Protein in Transgenic Mice with Alzheimer Disease Phenotypes

Sun bo Shim(심선보),Se H. Lee,Cheul K. Kim,Dae Y. Hwang,Byoung K Kim,Seung W. Jee,Su H. Lee,Ji S. Shin,Chang J. Bae,Byoung C. Lee,Kab R. Chae,Yong K. Kim 한국실험동물학회 2007 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

Overall Prevalence and Distribution of Knockdown Resistance (kdr) Mutations in Aedes aegypti from Mandalay Region, Myanmar

Haung Naw,Mya Nilar Chaw Su,Tu?n C??ng Vo,H??ng Giang Le,Jung-Mi Kang,Hojong Jun,Yi Yi Mya,Moe Kyaw Myint,Jinyoung Lee,Woon-Mok Sohn,Tong-Soo Kim,Byoung-Kuk Na 대한기생충학열대의학회 2020 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.58 No.6

Knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations in the voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) of mosquitoes confer resistance to insecticides. Although insecticide resistance has been suspected to be widespread in the natural population of Aedes aegypti in Myanmar, only limited information is currently available. The overall prevalence and distribution of kdr mutations was analyzed in Ae. aegypti from Mandalay areas, Myanmar. Sequence analysis of the VGSC in Ae. aegypti from Myanmar revealed amino acid mutations at 13 and 11 positions in domains II and III of VGSC, respectively. High frequencies of S989P (68.6%), V1016G (73.5%), and F1534C (40.1%) were found in domains II and III. T1520I was also found, but the frequency was low (8.1%). The frequency of S989P/V1016G was high (55.0%), and the frequencies of V1016G/F1534C and S989P/V1016G/F1534C were also high at 30.1% and 23.5%, respectively. Novel mutations in domain II (L963Q, M976I, V977A, M994T, L995F, V996M/A, D998N, V999A, N1013D, and F1020S) and domain III (K1514R, Y1523H, V1529A, F1534L, F1537S, V1546A, F1551S, G1581D, and K1584R) were also identified. These results collectively suggest that high frequencies of kdr mutations were identified in Myanmar Ae. aegypti, indicating a high level of insecticide resistance.