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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : Brehmer, Martin (검색결과 2 건)
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Novel Amphiphilic Styrene-Based Block Copolymers for Induced Surface Reconstruction
Funk, Lutz,Brehmer, Martin,Zentel, Rudolf,Kang, Huiman,Char, Kookheon WILEY-VCH Verlag 2008 Macromolecular Chemistry and Physics Vol.209 No.1
<P>This paper describes the synthesis of amphiphilic block copolymers by living radical polymerization (NMP) of new styrene-like monomers. The polar monomers (ethylene oxide side chains and free hydroxyl- or amino-groups after deprotection) were polymerized in a “protected form” to adjust the solubility of the monomers. In this way high molar mass polymers with a narrow polydispersity (around or below 1.2) were accessible. In the bulk state hydrophobic and hydrophilic domains demix. By exposing thin films of these polymers to vacuum (air) or alternatively to water or a hydrophilic surface it becomes possible to switch the surface polarity reversibly between contact angles of about 105° and 83° as a result of surface reconstruction. Through side chains of different length and with different functionalities, it was possible to adjust the glass transition temperatures to values between −2 °C to 140 °C for the hydrophilic blocks and −30 °C to 100 °C for the hydrophobic block. The wide range of the glass temperatures allowed it to find a block copolymer system with a slow kinetic concerning the surface reconstruction process, so that a mechanistic examination of the process by AFM was possible. It got, thereby, possible to detect the break-up of the hydrophobic surface lamella and the upfold of the hydrophilic lamella in contact with water.</P><P> <img src='wiley_img/10221352-2008-209-1-MACP200700312-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img/10221352-2008-209-1-MACP200700312-gra001'> </P>
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Andreas H. Mahnken,Tobias Penzkofer,Philipp Bruners,Rolf W. Gu ¨nther,Bernhard Brehmer 대한영상의학회 2009 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.10 No.5
Over the last few years, percutaneous radiofrequency (RF) ablation has been successfully established as a viable treatment modality for small peripheral renal cell carcinoma (RCC). This technique is limited by central tumor location and tumor size. We report the interventional management of a 5.3 cm mixed RCC with central and exophytic parts by combining the RF ablation with embolization, tagging, and retrograde, as well as anterograde cooling. The potential pitfalls of complex hybrid interventions for treating RCC are discussed.
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