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FakedBits- Detecting Fake Information on Social Platforms using Multi-Modal Features
Dilip Kumar Sharma,Bhuvanesh Singh,아가왈 사우랍,김현성,Raj Sharma 한국인터넷정보학회 2023 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.17 No.1
Social media play a significant role in communicating information across the globe, connecting with loved ones, getting the news, communicating ideas, etc. However, a group of people uses social media to spread fake information, which has a bad impact on society. Therefore, minimizing fake news and its detection are the two primary challenges that need to be addressed. This paper presents a multi-modal deep learning technique to address the above challenges. The proposed modal can use and process visual and textual features. Therefore, it has the ability to detect fake information from visual and textual data. We used EfficientNet-B0 and a sentence transformer, respectively, for detecting counterfeit images and for textural learning. Feature embedding is performed at individual channels, whilst fusion is done at the last classification layer. The late fusion is applied intentionally to mitigate the noisy data that are generated by multi-modalities. Extensive experiments are conducted, and performance is evaluated against state-of-the-art methods. Three real-world benchmark datasets, such as MediaEval (Twitter), Weibo, and Fakeddit, are used for experimentation. Result reveals that the proposed modal outperformed the state-of-the-art methods and achieved an accuracy of 86.48%, 82.50%, and 88.80%, respectively, for MediaEval (Twitter), Weibo, and Fakeddit datasets.
Santosh Kumar,Kailash Chand Kurdia,Raguram Ganesamoni,Shrawan Kumar Singh,Bhuvanesh Nanjappa 대한비뇨의학회 2013 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.54 No.5
Purpose: To compare the safety and efficacy of naftopidil and tamsulosin with prednisolone as medical expulsive therapy for distal ureteric stones. Materials and Methods: Between July 2010 and March 2012, 120 adult patients presenting with distal ureteric stones of size 5 to 10 mm were randomized equally to tamsulosin (group A), naftopidil (group B) or watchful waiting (group C). Tamsulosin or naftopidil was given for a maximum of four weeks. In addition patients in group A and B were given 5 mg prednisolone once daily (maximum one week). Stone expulsion rate,time to stone expulsion, analgesic use, number of hospital visits for pain, follow-up and endoscopic treatment and adverse effects of drugs were noted. Statistical analyses were done using chi-square test, Mann-Whitney test and analysis of variance. Results: There was a statistically higher expulsion rate in groups A (70%) and B (87.5%)as compared to group C (32.5%) (p<0.001). The expulsion rates were not statistically different between groups A and B (p=0.056). The mean time to expulsion was comparable between groups A and B but longer in group C. Analgesic use was significantly lower in groups A and B. Average number of hospital visits for pain, follow-up and endoscopic treatment was similar in all groups. There was no serious adverse event. Conclusions: Medical expulsive therapy for the distal ureteric stones using either naftopidil or tamsulosin in combination with prednisolone is safe and efficacious.