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- 저자 : Balaram, N. (검색결과 15 건)
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Balaram Roy,Md Ruhul Amin,Shah Jalal,권용정,서상재 한국곤충학회 2014 Entomological Research Vol.44 No.6
The pulse beetle Callosobruchus chinensis L. is considered the most important stored grain pest of black gram Vigna mungo Hepper in Bangladesh and other tropical and subtropical countries. Bioactive compounds derived from plants can be used to control of the pulse beetle as a potential alternative to synthetic insecticides. Therefore, aqueous extracts of common cocklebur Xanthium strumarium L. leaf was examined for insecticidal properties against C. chinensis. The extracts showed toxicity, repellent properties, inhibited fecundity and adult emergence of the insects, and protected grains. Insect mortality was accounted highest (72.6%) with 4% extract at 4 days after treatment. The beetles showed highest repellency rate (58.0%) with 4% concentration at 1 hour exposure; however insect repellency decreased with time. The beetles exerted the lowest fecundity and grain damage and produced the lowest number of offspring when they were reared on grains treated with 4% extract. The insecticidal compounds present in common cocklebur leaf were extracted in chloroform and ethanol, and isolated by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and spectral studies (1H‐NMR and IR), which identified the presence of aromatic ester, n‐hexyl salicylate or o‐hydroxy‐n‐hexyl‐benzoate and a long‐chain ketone. Therefore, naturally occurring X. strumarium and its derivatives may be potential components for integrated management of C. chinensis.
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Balaram Roy,Shah Jalal,Bikash Chandra Sarker,Md Ruhul Amin,Yong Ho Jeon,Ik-Jo Chun 한국응용곤충학회 2012 한국응용곤충학회지 Vol.51 No.4
화학합성 농약을 대체하기 위한 친환경 방제법 개발을 위해 1, 2, 4%의 도꼬마리 열매 수용성 추출물을 이용하여 팥바구미 살충력을 실험하였다. 실험한 추출 농도에서 곤충 치사율, 기피성, 산란율과 성충 우화 및 팥의 피해 억제에 효과를 보여 주었다. 4%의 추출물은 처리 후 2일 후에26%의 치사율과 처리 후 3시간에 53.3%의 기피율을 각각 보였다. 또한 4%의 추출물을 팥과 섞었을 때 가장 낮은 산란율(113.7/암컷)과, 성충 우화율이 가장 많이 억제(37.0%)되었고 종자 손상을 가장 적게(42.3%) 받았다. 이러한 결과는 도꼬마리 추출물이 저장곡물을 팥바구미로부터 보호하는 종합적 방제수단으로 사용될 수 있다. In this study, 1, 2 and 4% aqueous extracts of common cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium) fruit were tested against pulse beetle (Callosobruchus chinensis) for development of an environmental friendly control methods of this pest. The common cocklebur fruit extracts showed effects on mortality, repellency, fecundity and adult emergence of C. chinensis and inhibited pulse grains from damage. The 4% extract showed the highest mortality (26%) and repellency rate (53.3%) at 2 day after treatment and 3 hours after treatment, respectively. The studied insects revealed lowest fecundity (113.7 female-1), highest percentage of adult emergence inhibition (37.0%) and lowest percentage (42.3%) of seed damage when they were reared on pulse grains mixed with 4% extract. This finding indicated that common cocklebur fruit extract may be used in the integrated management of pulse beetle for protecting stored grains.
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Balaram, N.,Reddy, M. Siva Pratap,Reddy, V. Rajagopal,Park, Chinho Elsevier 2016 THIN SOLID FILMS - Vol.619 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The structural, chemical, electrical and carrier transport properties of high-k ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> on n-type InP with Au electrode have been studied by <U>X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)</U>, current-voltage (IV) and capacitance-voltage (CV) techniques at room temperature. Results show that the high barrier height is achieved for the Au/ZrO<SUB>2</SUB>/n-InP metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) diode as compared to the Au/n-InP metal-semiconductor (MS) diode. Using Cheung's functions, the barrier height, ideality factor and series resistance are estimated for the MS and MIS diodes. The barrier heights are determined by IV, Cheung's and surface potential-forward voltage plot for both the MS and MIS diodes which are found to be in good agreement with each other. Results indicate that the interface state density of Au/ZrO<SUB>2</SUB>/n-InP MIS diode is lower than that of Au/n-InP MS diode. This may be attributed to the fact that the introduction of the high-k ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> interlayer led to reduction of the interface state density in the Au/n-InP MS diode. Results indicate that the Poole-Frenkel emission is the dominant conduction mechanism in the lower bias region while Schottky emission is dominant in the higher bias region for both the Au/n-InP MS and Au/ZrO<SUB>2</SUB>/n-InP MIS diodes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Effect of high-k ZrO<SUB>2</SUB> interlayer on electrical properties of Au/n-InP MS diode has been studied. </LI> <LI> High barrier height is obtained for Au/ZrO<SUB>2</SUB>/n-InP MIS diode compared to the MS diode. </LI> <LI> Interface state density of Au/ZrO<SUB>2</SUB>/n-InP MIS diode is lower than that of Au/n-InP MS diode. </LI> <LI> Transport properties of Au/n-InP MS and Au/ZrO<SUB>2</SUB>/n-InP MIS diodes have been investigated. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Balaram, N.,Rajagopal Reddy, V.,Sekhar Reddy, P.R.,Janardhanam, V.,Choi, Chel-Jong Elsevier 2018 Vacuum Vol.152 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Cupric oxide (CuO) is synthesized by simple chemical bath deposition method and deposited on n-type InP substrate using e-beam evaporation technique. First, the structural and chemical compositional analysis of CuO/n-InP are analysed by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XRD and XPS results confirmed that the formation of CuO on n-type InP substrate. Then, Au/CuO/n-InP heterojunction is fabricated with a CuO interlayer and correlated its results with the Au/n-InP Schottky junction (SJ). The barrier height (Φ<SUB>b</SUB>) and ideality factor (n) are extracted through I-V and C-V methods and the respective values are 0.66 eV (I-V)/0.80 eV (C-V) and 1.24, and 0.78 eV (I-V)/0.94 eV (C-V) and 1.62 for the SJ and HJ diodes, respectively. By applying Cheung's and Norde functions, the Φ<SUB>b</SUB>, ideality factor and series resistance (R<SUB>S</SUB>) are derived for the SJ and HJ diodes. The derived interface state density (N<SUB>SS</SUB>) of HJ is lower than the SJ; results demonstrated that the CuO interlayer plays an important role in the decreased N<SUB>SS</SUB>. The Poole-Frenkel emission is the dominant current conduction mechanism in reverse bias of both SJ and HJ diodes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Structural and chemical properties of CuO films are analysed by XRD and XPS. </LI> <LI> Barrier height of Au/n-InP SJ was modified by CuO interlayer. </LI> <LI> Heterojunction has a good rectification ratio compared to the Schottky junction. </LI> <LI> The interface state density of HJ is lower as compared to the SJ. </LI> <LI> Poole-Frenkel mechanism is found to dominate in both SJ and HJs. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Balaram, A.,Vasundra, S. International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.5
Software fault prediction is a method to compute fault in the software sections using software properties which helps to evaluate the quality of software in terms of cost and effort. Recently, several software fault detection techniques have been proposed to classifying faulty or non-faulty. However, for such a person, and most studies have shown the power of predictive errors in their own databases, the performance of the software is not consistent. In this paper, we propose a hybrid soft computing technique for SFP based on optimal feature extraction and classification (HST-SFP). First, we introduce the bat induced butterfly optimization (BBO) algorithm for optimal feature selection among multiple features which compute the most optimal features and remove unnecessary features. Second, we develop a layered recurrent neural network (L-RNN) based classifier for predict the software faults based on their features which enhance the detection accuracy. Finally, the proposed HST-SFP technique has the more effectiveness in some sophisticated technical terms that outperform databases of probability of detection, accuracy, probability of false alarms, precision, ROC, F measure and AUC.
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Sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy is associated with higher mortality rates in patients with sepsis
Balaram Krishna J Hanumanthu,Anika Sasidharan Nair,Adarsh Katamreddy,Jason S Gilbert,Jee Young You,Obiageli Lynda Offor,Ankit Kushwaha,Ankita Krishnan,Marzio Napolitano,Leonidas Palaidimos,Joaquin Mor 대한중환자의학회 2021 Acute and Critical Care Vol.36 No.3
Background Patients with sepsis are at risk for developing sepsis-induced cardiomyopathy (SIC). Previous studies offer inconsistent results regarding the association of SIC and mortality. This study sought to assess whether SIC is linked to mortality in patients with sepsis and to evaluate predictors of the development of SIC. Methods In this retrospective study, patients admitted to the medical intensive care unit with a diagnosis of sepsis in the absence of acute coronary syndrome were included. SIC was identified using transthoracic echo and was defined by a new onset decline in left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤50%, or ≥10% decline in LVEF compared to baseline in patients with a history of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed using the R software program. Results Of the 359 patients in the final analysis, 19 (5.3%) had SIC. Eight (42.1%) of the 19 patients in the SIC group and 60 (17.6%) of the 340 patients in the non-SIC group died during hospitalization. SIC was associated with an increased risk for all-cause in-hospital mortality (odds ratio [OR], 4.46; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.15–18.69; P=0.03). Independent predictors for the development of SIC were albumin level (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.23–0.93; P=0.03) and culture positivity (OR, 8.47; 95% CI, 2.24–55.61; P=0.006). Concomitant right ventricular hypokinesis was noted in 13 (68.4%) of the 19 SIC patients. Conclusions SIC was associated with an increased risk for all-cause in-hospital mortality. Low albumin level and culture positivity were independent predictors of SIC.
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Manna Balaram,Maiti Smarajit,Das Amlan 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.2
Acridids are highly abundant living-organism/major-component in agricultural field, globally. It may act as a dependable bio-indicator species in response to environmental-stress. Antioxidants protect insects by scavenging free radicals. Here, we investigated the dose dependant azadirachtin (C 35 H 44 O 16 AZT) toxicity on oxidativebiomarker; Alkaline-phosphatase (ALP), malondialdehyde (MDA), non-protein-soluble-thiol (NPSH) and antioxidants like superoxide-dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione-peroxidase (GPx) and amylase of gonads from both sexes and juvenile tissues of common grasshopper, Spathosternum prasiniferum prasiniferum (Walker, 1871). The newly hatched adults (female: male = 1:1) are exposed to 1 to 20 ppm AZT for 48 h and have compared to control and 6 h incubation with same concentration of azadirachtin for in vitro experiments. Both in vivo and in vitro experiment demonstrated significant influences on oxidative biomarkers with increasing antioxidant enzymatic activities in either sex. The male gonads represents decreasing antioxidant enzyme activities compared to female gonads. Lesser protection by CAT and SOD are noticed in male than female in response to AZT exposure. This experiment suggests that azadirachtin increased the major biomarkers with decreasing antioxidant enzyme activities resulting in more free-radicals related threat in adult male gonads. Variable dose responses were noticed on ALP, AchE and MDA in either gender suggesting multiphasic action of the pesticides. Higher mortality rate is noticed in male with lower nymphal life span. Moreover, nymph II nd is more susceptible than nymph IV th in vitro intoxication of azadirachtin. Possible life threat of vast representatives of agricultural ecosystem by pesticide should be avoided to maintain different bio-geo cycle and eco-sustainability.
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