Phaseolus vulgaris Exerts an Inhibitory Effect on Platelet Aggregation through AKT Dependent Way

Rosio Rodriguez-Azua,Eduardo Fuentes Quinteros,Alexandra Olate-Briones,Rodrigo Moore-Carrasco 한국식품영양과학회 2018 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.23 No.2

The Phaseolus vulgaris (common bean), a worldwide vegetable of high consumption, can act as a nutritional supplement in the diet of oversized individuals to reduce weight. Studies have demonstrated the existence of molecules capable of inhibiting the breakdown of carbohydrates via inhibition of both α-amylases and glycosidases. Here, we describe a novel property of the Phaseolus vulgaris: inhibition of thrombotic cardiovascular events. Using assays to test platelet aggregation and secretion, and flow cytometry against the surface expression of P-Selectin. We show that bean extracts significantly reduced adenosine 5’-diphosphate and arachidonic acid induced-platelet aggregation. The mechanism underlying such effect appears to be mediated by AKT, since AKT hypo-phosphorylation decreases the “inside out” activation of platelets. In sum, our results support the hypothesis that common beans are nutritional ingredients that help reduce the risk of cardiovascular diseases associated with platelet hyper-reactivity.

Diet composition of lesser kestrels in Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, Mongolia

Ganbold, Onolragchaa,Azua, John,Suuri, Buyandelger,Paik, In-Hwan,Khuderchuluun, Otgontsetseg,Paek, Woon Kee,Reading, Richard P. Elsevier Science B.V. Amsterdam 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific biodiversity(Online) Vol.10 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The lesser kestrel is recognized as “Least Concern” in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List since 2011. So far, all available diet studies on the lesser kestrel were conducted in its European range or in partial African breeding and nonbreeding range. In particular, little is known about the feeding behavior of this small falcon in Asian ranges. Thus, this study can be considered as the first to examine the diet composition of the central Asian breeding populations of lesser kestrels. This study aims to provide some information about the diet composition of this species among Asian populations through biological and ecological investigations. Pellets (<I>n</I> = 762) dropped by lesser kestrel (<I>Falco naumanni</I>) were collected during their breeding season from nine to 10 colony sites in Ikh Nart, between June and September of 2009 and 2010, and analyzed. A total of 1,484 prey items were identified in the pellets collected. After a measure of their weight (g) and length and width (mm), we carefully examined each pellet and separated all prey remains using tweezers. Our results indicated that insects (including orthopterans and coleopterans) were dominant in lesser kestrel’s diets. We found that the lesser kestrel’s diet mainly consisted of insects (69.7%), lizards (17.4%), small mammals (10%), small birds (2%), and other food (1%).</P>

Diet composition of lesser kestrels in Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, Mongolia

Onolragchaa Ganbold,John Azua,Buyandelger Suuri,백인환,Otgontsetseg Khuderchuluun,백운기,Richard P. Reading 국립중앙과학관 2017 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.10 No.4

The lesser kestrel is recognized as “Least Concern” in the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List since 2011. So far, all available diet studies on the lesser kestrel were conducted in its European range or in partial African breeding and nonbreeding range. In particular, little is known about the feeding behavior of this small falcon in Asian ranges. Thus, this study can be considered as the first to examine the diet composition of the central Asian breeding populations of lesser kestrels. This study aims to provide some information about the diet composition of this species among Asian populations through biological and ecological investigations. Pellets (n = 762) dropped by lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni) were collected during their breeding season from nine to 10 colony sites in Ikh Nart, between June and September of 2009 and 2010, and analyzed. A total of 1,484 prey items were identified in the pellets collected. After a measure of their weight (g) and length and width (mm), we carefully examined each pellet and separated all prey remains using tweezers. Our results indicated that insects (including orthopterans and coleopterans) were dominant in lesser kestrel’s diets. We found that the lesser kestrel’s diet mainly consisted of insects (69.7%), lizards (17.4%), small mammals (10%), small birds (2%), and other food (1%).

Differential movement of adult and juvenile Cinereous Vultures (Aegypius monachus) (Accipitriformes: Accipitridae) in Northeast Asia

Richard P. Reading,John Azua,Travis Garrett,David Kenny,이한수,백운기,Nanette Reece,Purevsuren Tsolmonjav,Mary Jo Willis,Ganchimeg Wingard 국립중앙과학관 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.13 No.2

We report on differential movement of adult and juvenile cinereous vultures (Aegypius monachus) in thenortheast Asia. Adult vultures remain in Mongolia throughout the year, whereas many juvenile vulturesmigrate from their breeding grounds in Mongolia to wintering grounds in the Republic of Korea (SouthKorea).We trapped adult and juvenile Cinereous Vultures in Mongolia and Korea to attach wing tags (n ¼270 fledglings and 10 adults) and, for some, global positioning system telemetry units (n ¼ 31 fledglings,18 juveniles, and 10 adults). While adult birds never left Mongolia, fledglings and juveniles wanderedmore widely into Russia (rarely), China, and the Korean Peninsula. Most telemetered fledglings andjuveniles for which we obtained data migrated seasonally between Mongolia and South Korea. Juvenilevultures used larger summer home ranges than adults. Juveniles used much smaller winter than summerhome ranges. Over the course of the year, adult and juvenile vultures moved similar amounts thatdiffered seasonally. How juvenile vultures learn the migration route between Mongolia and Republic ofKorea remains unknown. Our results have important conservation implications, as factors influencing thesurvivorship of migratory birds can strongly impact populations.

Reversed sexual size dimorphism: body size patterns in sexes of lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni) in the Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, Mongolia

Onolragchaa Ganbold,Richard P. Reading,Ganchimeg J. Wingard,백운기,Purevsuren Tsolmonjav,Ariunbold Jargalsaikhan,Otgontsetseg Khuderchuluun,John Azua 국립중앙과학관 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Biodiversity Vol.12 No.3

In normal sexual size dimorphism, males generally possess larger body sizes than females in vertebrates, especially birds, mammals, and some reptiles. However, most birds of prey from the orders Falconiformes and Strigiformes have reversed sexual dimorphism (RSD) in body size (i.e., females larger than males). We investigated the degree of RSD in lesser kestrels (Falco naumanni), a small falcon breeding in Mongolia, which may contribute to a better understanding of body size variation based on gender for other birds of prey that do not have plumage dimorphism. We explored the degree of RSD between male and female lesser kestrels in a semidesert region of Mongolia by capturing and measuring 79 males and 83 females during the breeding seasons of 2007 through 2016. Our 10 years of data showed that females were significantly larger than males in five of nine measurements, with an especially high degree of RSD in body weight and bill measurements. For males, we found significant relationships between body weight and both tail length and wingspan, but no significant relationships for females. Our results support previous hypotheses raised to explain RSD in birds of prey.

Reversed sexual size dimorphism: body size patterns in sexes of lesser kestrels (<i>Falco naumanni</i>) in the Ikh Nart Nature Reserve, Mongolia

Ganbold, Onolragchaa,Reading, Richard P.,Wingard, Ganchimeg J.,Paek, Woon Kee,Tsolmonjav, Purevsuren,Jargalsaikhan, Ariunbold,Khuderchuluun, Otgontsetseg,Azua, John Elsevier 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific biodiversity(Online) Vol.12 No.3

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In normal sexual size dimorphism, males generally possess larger body sizes than females in vertebrates, especially birds, mammals, and some reptiles. However, most birds of prey from the orders Falconiformes and Strigiformes have reversed sexual dimorphism (RSD) in body size (i.e., females larger than males). We investigated the degree of RSD in lesser kestrels (<I>Falco naumanni</I>), a small falcon breeding in Mongolia, which may contribute to a better understanding of body size variation based on gender for other birds of prey that do not have plumage dimorphism. We explored the degree of RSD between male and female lesser kestrels in a semidesert region of Mongolia by capturing and measuring 79 males and 83 females during the breeding seasons of 2007 through 2016. Our 10 years of data showed that females were significantly larger than males in five of nine measurements, with an especially high degree of RSD in body weight and bill measurements. For males, we found significant relationships between body weight and both tail length and wingspan, but no significant relationships for females. Our results support previous hypotheses raised to explain RSD in birds of prey.</P>