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Yong, Woon Jae,Tan, Jun,Adikrishna, Arnold,Lee, Hyun Joo,Jung, Jin Woo,Cho, Dong-Woo,Jeon, In-Ho Springer International 2014 Surgical and radiologic anatomy Vol.36 No.8
<P>The proximal ulna, particularly the course of the posterior border, has a complex three-dimensional (3D) morphology which has been highlighted recently due to its clinical relevance in relation to surgical treatments. 3D computed tomography (CT) reconstruction and computer-aided design (CAD) based software can help to visualize the complex anatomy and thus aid the investigation of the more detailed morphology of the proximal ulna.</P>
The Effect of Split Nerve on Electromyography Signal Pattern in a Rat Model
Deslivia, Maria,Lee, Hyun-Joo,Zulkarnain, Rizki,Zhu, Bin,Adikrishna, Arnold,Jeon, In-ho,Kim, Keehoon Georg Thieme Verlag KG 2018 Journal of reconstructive microsurgery Vol.34 No.2
<P> Background Recent developments of prosthetic arm are based on the use of electromyography (EMG) signals. To provide improvements, such as coordinated movement of multiple joints and greater control intuitiveness, higher variability of EMG signals is needed. By splitting a nerve lengthwise, connecting each half to new target muscles, and employing a program to assign each biosignal pattern to a specific movement, we hope to enrich the number of biosignal sites on amputees' stump.</P><P> Methods We split the gastrocnemius muscle of 12 Sprague-Dawley rats into two muscle heads, searched for the peroneal nerve, divided them lengthwise, and connected one half of the nerve to the tibial nerve innervating both muscle heads (SN_50, n = 8). In another group, we connected the undivided peroneal nerve to the nerve of a single muscle head (non-SN_100, n = 6), while the other muscle head received different innervation (non-SN_0, n = 6). After 10 weeks, we stimulated the peroneal nerve and measured the EMG amplitude.</P><P> Results Mean EMG amplitude of the muscle head innervated by one half of the nerve (SN_50; 1.77 [range: 0.71-3.24] mV) and by the undivided nerve (non-SN_100; 3.45 mV [range: 1.13-5.34]) was not significantly different. However, the mean EMG amplitude produced by SN_50 was significantly different from that of the other innervation (i.e., non-SN_0; 0.76 mV [range: 0.41-1.35]), indicating the presence of noise.</P><P> Conclusion Split nerve in combination with split-muscle procedure can yield a meaningful EMG signal that might be used to convey the intention of living organism to a machine.</P>
Reinnervated Split-Muscle Technique for Creating Additional Myoelectric Sites in an Animal Model
Deslivia, Maria Florencia,Lee, Hyun-joo,Zulkarnain, Rizki Fajar,Zhu, Bin,Adikrishna, Arnold,Jeon, In-ho,Kim, Keehoon Williams & Wilkins 2016 Plastic and reconstructive surgery Vol.138 No.6
<P>Background: This study proposes a novel reinnervated split-muscle operation to create additional myoelectric sites as sources of command signals of myoelectric prostheses for enhanced dexterous hand-to-wrist motions. The aim of this study was to investigate the postprocedure electromyographic properties of the muscles as distinct myoelectric sites in a rat model. Methods: The reinnervated split-muscle group (n = 6) had the gastrocnemius muscle separated along its longitudinal axis and nerves transferred to each new muscle (peroneal nerve to lateral muscle head and tibial to medial one); the non-split-muscle group (n = 6) only had nerve transfers with its muscle intact. Functional testing was conducted after 10 weeks. The main parameter is the difference in mean electromyographic amplitude between the new muscles, with greater values indicating better separability. Results: After the reinnervated split-muscle procedure, there is a significant increase of the average ratio between two muscles compared with the control group, from 0.44 (range, 0.02 to 0.86) to 0.77 (range, 0.35 to 0.98) (p = 0.011). In addition, compared with the non-split muscle group, nerve transfer in the split-muscle group is more successful in reaching its intended target muscle. Conclusion: A reinnervated split-muscle procedure could be beneficial for acquiring a more precise and discrete command signal in upper limb amputees, thus enabling the creation of more dexterous prosthetic arm.</P>