Predictive direct torque control of permanent magnet synchronous motors using deadbeat torque and flux control

Ao Wang,Housheng Zhang,Junjie Jiang,Duo Jin,Shengjie Zhu 전력전자학회 2023 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.23 No.2

In consideration of the shortcomings of the large torque and flux ripples in direct torque control (DTC), and the insufficient utilization of the duty cycle module in traditional DTC based on the duty cycle modulation of PMSMs, a DTC method based on deadbeat control of the torque and flux is proposed in this paper. In the synchronous rotation, coordinate system positioned with the stator flux vector, the reference voltage vector is calculated in accordance to the deadbeat control method. Six virtual voltages are constructed in such a manner that two adjacent basic voltage vectors are evenly divided in one control cycle. The effective voltage vectors are expanded to 12. The effective voltage vector closest to the phase angle of the reference voltage vector is determined to be the optimal voltage vector. Then, the duty cycle is introduced to further reduce the error between the final output voltage vector and the voltage vector required by the system. Simulation comparisons are carried out for DTC, traditional DTC based on duty cycle modulation, and the proposed DTC. The obtained simulation results demonstrate that the proposed DTC can effectively suppress both torque ripple and flux ripple, improve the utilization rate of the duty cycle module, and reduce the stator current distortion rate.

IL-17A exacerbates diabetic retinopathy by impairing Müller cell function via Act1 signaling

Ao-Wang Qiu,Zheng Bian,Ping-An Mao,Qing-Huai Liu 생화학분자생물학회 2016 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.48 No.-

Diabetic retinopathy (DR), one of the most serious complications of diabetes, has been associated with inflammatory processes. We have recently reported that interleukin (IL)-17A, a proinflammatory cytokine, is increased in the plasma of diabetic patients. Further investigation is required to clarify the role of IL-17A in DR. Ins2Akita (Akita) diabetic mice and high-glucose (HG)-treated primary Müller cells were used to mimic DR-like pathology. Diabetes induced retinal expression of IL-17A and IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA) in Müller cells in contrast to ganglion cells. Further evidence demonstrated that retinal Müller cells cultured in vitro increased IL-17A and IL-17RA expression as well as IL-17A secretion in the HG condition. In both the HG-treated Müller cells and Akita mouse retina, the Act1/TRAF6/IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway was activated. IL-17A further enhanced inflammatory signaling activation, whereas Act1 knockdown or IKK inhibition blocked the downstream signaling activation by IL-17A. HG- and diabetesinduced Müller cell activation and dysfunction, as determined by increased glial fibrillary acidic protein, vascular endothelial growth factor and glutamate levels and decreased glutamine synthetase and excitatory amino acid transporter-1 expression, were exacerbated by IL-17A; however, they were alleviated by Act1 knockdown or IKK inhibition. In addition, IL-17A intravitreal injection aggravated diabetes-induced retinal vascular leukostasis, vascular leakage and ganglion cell apoptosis, whereas Act1 silencing or anti-IL-17A monoclonal antibody ameliorated the retinal vascular damage and neuronal cell apoptosis. These findings establish that IL-17A xacerbates DR-like pathology by the promotion of Müller cell functional impairment via Act1 signaling.

Structurally ordered nanofiltration membranes prepared by spatially anchoring interfacial polymerization for highly efficient separation properties

Ao Sheng,Hao Wang,Haoji Jiang,Yaxin Zhao,Hao Li,Hao Jia,Zhong Wei,Heyun Wang 한국화학공학회 2021 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.38 No.9

The incorporation of various nanofillers into the interfacial polymerization (IP) process is widely applied to prepare higher performance NF membranes. However, few studies have reported the influence of nanofillers on nanocomposite membrane formation in the IP process. Here, an optical microscope was employed to study the change rule in the 8-NH2-POSS/PSA nanocomposite membrane formation process due to the addition of 8-NH2-POSS nanoparticles. First, the addition of 8-NH2-POSS reduced the diffusion rate of the polyacrylamide hydrochloride (PAH) water phase on the surface against the oil phase because of the interaction with the PAH molecules. Furthermore, the 8-NH2- POSS/PSA nanocomposite membrane structure was more homogeneous and exhibited uniform pinhole defects distribution due to the interaction of the 8-NH2-POSS nanoparticles to the PAH segment. A significant separation performance was observed in the 8-NH2-POSS/PSA nanocomposite membrane due to the hydrophilicity and positive charge of the 8-NH2-POSS nanoparticles. The permeation flux and MgCl2 rejection of the 8-NH2-POSS/PSA nanocomposite membrane increased up to 50.5 L/m2 h at 0.5MPa and 94.8%, respectively, which corresponded to increases of 73.5% and 8.7% as compared to the pristine PSA membrane. 8-NH2-POSS/PSA nanocomposite membranes have great application potential in the water softening and treatment of divalent metals ions under acidic conditions.

Classification of soybeans from different habitats based on metabolomic–transcriptomic integration

Wang Jinghui,Zheng Qiyou,Wang Chenxu,Zhou Ao 한국응용생명화학회 2024 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.67 No.-

Soybeans are a significant agricultural product in China, with certain geographical locations often yielding higher quality, and thus more expensive, soybean crops. In this study, metabolomics and transcriptomics analyses were con ducted on soybean samples from nine regions in Heilongjiang and Liaoning Provinces using untargeted liquid chro matography–mass spectrometry (LC–MS) and Illumina sequencing technologies. The primary objective was to devise an effective and unbiased method for determining the geographical origin of each soybean variety to mitigate potential fraudulent practices. Through multidimensional and unidimensional analyses, successful identification of dif ferentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was achieved, yielding statisti cally significant outcomes. Integration of the metabolomics and transcriptomics datasets facilitated the construction of a correlation network model capable of distinguishing soybeans originating from different geographical locations, leading to the identification of significant biomarkers exemplifying noteworthy distinctions. To validate the feasibil ity of this method in practical applications, partial least squares discriminant analysis was employed to differentiate soybean samples from the nine regions. The results convincingly showcased the applicability and reliability of this approach in accurately pinpointing the geographical origin of soybeans. Distinguishing itself from prior research in soybean traceability, this study incorporates an integrated analysis of metabolomics and transcriptomics data, thereby unveiling biomarkers that offer a more precise differentiation of soybean traits across distinct regions, thereby bridging a critical research gap within the soybean traceability domain. This innovative dual-data integration analysis methodology is poised to enhance the accuracy of soybean traceability tools and lay a new foundation for future agricultural product identification research.

Analysis of Pressure Distribution of the Bolted Joints Based on the Finite Element Method

Sheng-ao Wang,Min Zhu,Fei Wu,Tian-xi Liang,Zhao-qun Shao,Yi-long Liu 한국강구조학회 2023 International Journal of Steel Structures Vol.23 No.2

Bolted joints widely exist in the field of the national defense industry. However, its nonlinear stiffness degradation will occur under tangential load which may lead to the reliability reduction. According to Coulomb friction theory, the pressure distribution is the key in the tangential degradation of bolted joints. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the pressure distribution of bolted joints. Firstly, we established a threaded bolt model and two simplified models. Secondly, the accuracy of the three models describing the contact area is verified, and the influence of preload and material properties on the contact radius is analyzed. Thirdly, we compared the pressure distribution of the three models, and results show that the smooth bolt model is more suitable for pressure analysis. Finally, the accuracy of several different functions to characterize the pressure distribution of bolted joints is analyzed, and results indicated that the Fernlund function is optimal. This paper provides a feasible simplified bolt model for finite element analysis, and the optimal pressure distribution function can be applied in the tangential stiffness degradation modeling.

Identification and comparative profiling of microRNAs in wild-type Xanthoceras sorbifolia and its double flower mutant

Yan Ao,Yanwei Wang,Lei Chen,Tao Wang,Haiyan Yu,Zhixiang Zhang 한국유전학회 2012 Genes & Genomics Vol.34 No.5

MicroRNAs are small, non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression post-transcriptionally and have crucial roles in plant biological and metabolic processes. To date, there has been no report concerning miRNAs in Xanthoceras sorbifolia, one of the most important woody energy plants for biofuel production. To study the roles of miRNAs during floral organ differentiation and development in X. sorbifolia, two small RNA libraries were constructed from the flower buds of simple flowers (wild-type) and double flowers (mutant). Each library was sequenced individually and generated over 33 million raw reads in total. Forty-three conserved miRNAs belonging to 30families and 10 novel miRNAs were identified. The expressions of a selected group of conserved and novel miRNAs were validated by qRT-PCR. Target gene prediction identified 230 target genes for most of the conserved and novel miRNAs. Fifteen miRNAs were demonstrated to be differentially ex-pressed between wild-type and mutant. This is the first study to identify conserved and novel miRNAs and profile their expression changes during floral organ differentiation and development in X. sorbifolia.

Effects of Fermented Garlic Powder on Production Performance, Egg Quality, Blood Profiles and Fatty Acids Composition of Egg Yolk in Laying Hens

Ao, X.,Yoo, J.S.,Lee, J.H.,Jang, H.D.,Wang, J.P.,Zhou, T.X.,Kim, I.H. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2010 Animal Bioscience Vol.23 No.6

The effects of fermented garlic powder on production performance, egg quality, blood profiles and fatty acid composition of egg yolk in laying hens were studied in a 35-d experiment. Two-hundred and forty (ISA brown) layers aged 41 weeks were randomly allocated into the following four treatments: i) CON (basal diet); ii) G1 (CON+fermented garlic powder 1.0%); iii) G2 (CON+fermented garlic powder 2.0%) and iv) G3 (CON+fermented garlic powder 3.0%). There were no differences (p>0.05) among treatments in egg production, egg weight, eggshell breaking strength and eggshell thickness throughout the whole experimental period. However, yolk height was increased significantly (p<0.05) by the addition of fermented garlic powder during the 5th week while yolk color was greater (p<0.05) in G2 and G3 than in CON and G1 in the 5th week. Compared with CON, Haugh unit was increased (p<0.05) in response to fermented garlic powder treatments during the 5th week. No significant effects on total protein, albumin and IgG were observed in response to any of the treatments over the experimental period (p>0.05). There was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in plasma cholesterol concentration when the dietary level of fermented garlic powder was increased from 0.0 to 3.0%. The levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) were significantly decreased (p<0.05) in response to G2 and G3 while monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were higher (p<0.05) in G2 and G3 treatment groups than in CON and G1. Compared with other treatments, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and PUFA:SFA ratio were higher (p<0.05) in G3. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that addition of fermented garlic powder reduced plasma cholesterol concentration and did not cause adverse effects on production performance. Moreover, addition of 3.0% garlic powder decreased SFA but increased PUFA and PUFA:SFA ratio in egg yolk.

Ultimate torsional strength of cracked stiffened box girders with a large deck opening

Ao, Lei,Wang, De-Yu The Society of Naval Architects of Korea 2016 International Journal of Naval Architecture and Oc Vol.8 No.4

The present paper studies the ultimate torsional strength of stiffened box girders with large deck opening due to the influence of cracks. Three types of hull girders with different spans are provided for comparison. Potential parameters which may have effects on the torsional strength including the mesh refinement, initial deflection, material strain hardening, geometric properties of crack and stiffener are discussed. Two new concepts that play an significant role in the ultimate strength research of damaged box girders are introduced, one of which is the effective residual section (ERS), the other is the initial damage of the failure zone (IDFZ) for intact structures. New simple formulas for predicting the residual ultimate torsional strength of cracked stiffened box girders are derived on the basis of the two new concepts.

A Study on Construction and Simulation of Agricultural Machinery System Control Model

Wang Ying,Xu Shiyang,Liu Shiqiang,Li Xiaoxue,Ao Changlin 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of u- and e- Service, Scienc Vol.9 No.8

In order to study the state-changing and running rules of agricultural machinery system, this paper establishes the control model of agricultural machinery system under the discrete-state space based on control theory, from the perspective of the complex systems and with reference to the actual conditions of agricultural production; conducts the qualitative analysis on the system model, builds the relevant simulation model of agricultural machinery system accordingly, and verifies the running of the simulation model. This control model can provide effective basis and reference for further quantitative studies on state evolution of agricultural machinery system.

Covered Stenting Is an Effective Option for Traumatic Carotid Pseudoaneurysm with Promising Long-Term Outcome

Wang, Kai,Peng, Xiao-xin,Liu, Ao-fei,Zhang, Ying-ying,Lv, Jin,Xiang, Li,Liu, Yun-e,Jiang, Wei-jian The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2020 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.63 No.5

Objective : Covered stenting is an optional strategy for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm, especially in malignant conditions of potential rupture, but the long-term outcomes are not clear. Our aim was to determine if covered stenting is an effective option for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm with promising long-term outcomes. Methods : Self-expanding Viabahn and balloon-expandable Willis covered stents were separately implanted for extra- and intracranial traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm. The covered stent was placed across the distal and proximal pseudoaneurysm leakage under roadmap guidance. Procedural success was defined as technical success (complete exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery) without a primary end point (any stroke or death within 30 days after the procedure). Long-term outcomes were evaluated as ischemic stroke in the territory of the qualifying artery by clinical follow-up through outpatient or telephone consultation and as the exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery by imaging follow-up through angiography. Results : Five patients with traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm who underwent covered stenting were enrolled. The procedural success rate was 100%. No ischemic stroke in the territory of the qualifying artery was recorded in any of the five patients during a mean clinical follow-up of 44±16 months. Complete exclusion of the pseudoaneurysm and patency of the parent artery were maintained in all five patients during a mean imaging follow-up of 39±16 months. Conclusion : Satisfactory procedural and long-term outcomes were obtained, suggesting that covered stenting is an effective option for traumatic carotid pseudoaneurysm.