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Jeong, Su Jin,Kim, Min Hyung,Song, Je Eun,Ahn, Jin Young,Kim, Sun Bean,Ann, Hea Won,Kim, Jae Kyung,Choi, Heun,Ku, Nam Su,Han, Sang Hoon,Kim, June Myung,Smith, Davey M.,Kim, Hyon-Suk,Choi, Jun Yong MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PUBL 2014 AIDS Research and Human Retroviruses Vol. No.
<P>Less costly but still accurate methods for monitoring HIV treatment response are needed. We prospectively evaluated if a qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification assay for virologic monitoring could maintain accuracy while reducing costs in Seoul, South Korea. We conducted the first prospective study comparing a qualitative PCR amplification of HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) versus a commercial real time PCR assay (i.e., viral load) for virologic monitoring of 150 patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) between November 2011 and August 2012 at an urban hospital in Seoul, South Korea. A total of 215 blood plasma samples from 150 patients receiving ART for more than 6 months were evaluated. Using the individual viral load assay, 12 of 215 (5.6%) plasma samples had more than 500 HIV RNA copies/ml. The qualitative PCR amplification assay detected individual samples with 500 HIV RNA copies/ml with 100% sensitivity. The specificities of the qualitative PCR amplification of the HIV-1 RT assay were 94.1%, 93.6%, and 93.2% compared to the real time PCR at 500, 1,000, and 5,000 threshold of HIV RNA copies/ml, respectively, and $24,940 USD would have been saved for 150 patients during 10 months. The qualitative PCR amplification of the HIV-1 RT assay might be a useful approach to effectively monitor patients receiving ART and save resources.</P>
Green marketing of apparel: consumers’ price sensitivity to environmental marketing claims
Celia Stall-Meadows,Anne Davey 한국마케팅과학회 2013 Journal of Global Fashion Marketing Vol.4 No.1
Green or environmentalmarketing claims have increased in recent years because of potentiallyhigher profits for companies. The aimof this study was to identify the environmentalmarketing claims forwhich consumers arewilling to pay higher prices. The specific claimsinvestigated in this study were: using organic fibers or recycled textile fibers; sustainablemanufacturing; companies donating to green organizations; and using fair trade and laborpractices. A quantitative survey of college students in the Midwestern US revealed that acompany’s environmental marketing claims – particularly with regard to manufacturingwith organic fibers and donating to green organizations – resulted in decreased consumerprice sensitivity. The theory of reasoned action served as the framework for the study. Implications, limitations, and suggestions for further research are presented.