The effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells

Ali Ghanbari,Sharareh Sharififar,Mehrnaz Abedian,Amir Ghanbari,Keramatollah Abbasnia 대한해부학회 2015 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.48 No.2

Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a new method for treating many neurological conditions; however, the exact therapeutic mechanisms behind rTMS-induced plasticity are still unknown. Neural stem and progenitor cells (NS/PCs) are active players in brain regeneration and plasticity but their behavior in the context of rTMS therapy needs further elucidation. We aimed to evaluate the effects of rTMS on proliferation and differentiation of NS/PCs in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of adult mouse brain. Adult male mice (n=30) were divided into rTMS (1-Hz and 30-Hz) and sham groups and treated for 7 or 14 consecutive days. Harvested NS/PCs from the SVZ were cultured in the neurosphere assay for 8 days and the number and size of the resulting neurospheres as well as their in vitro differentiation capacity were evaluated. After one week of rTMS treatment at 1-Hz and 30-Hz compared with sham stimulation, the mean neurosphere forming frequency per brain was not different while this measure significantly increased after two weeks (P

Numerical modeling of rapid impact compaction in loose sands

Ghanbari, Elham,Hamidi, Amir Techno-Press 2014 Geomechanics & engineering Vol.6 No.5

A three dimensional finite element model was used to simulate rapid impact compaction (RIC) in loose granular soils using ABAQUS software for one impact point. The behavior of soil under impact loading was expressed using a cap-plasticity model. Numerical modeling was done for a site in Assalouyeh petrochemical complex in southern Iran to verify the results. In-situ settlements per blow were compared to those in the numerical model. Measurements of improvement by depth were obtained from the in-situ standard penetration, plate loading, and large density tests and were compared with the numerical model results. Contours of the equal relative density clearly showed the efficiency of RIC laterally and at depth. Plastic volumetric strains below the anvil and the effect of RIC set indicated that a set of 10 mm can be considered to be a threshold value for soil improvement using this method. The results showed that RIC strongly improved the soil up to 2 m in depth and commonly influenced the soil up to depths of 4 m.

Effects of radiofrequency exposure emitted from a GSM mobile phone on proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis of neural stem cells

Mahsa Eghlidospour,Amir Ghanbari,Seyyed Mohammad Javad Mortazavi,Hassan Azari 대한해부학회 2017 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.50 No.2

Due to the importance of neural stem cells (NSCs) in plasticity of the nervous system and treating neurodegenerative diseases, the main goal of this study was to evaluate the effects of radiofrequency radiation emitted from a GSM 900-MHz mobile phone with different exposure duration on proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis of adult murine NSCs in vitro. We used neurosphere assay to evaluate NSCs proliferation, and immunofluorescence assay of neural cell markers to examine NSCs differentiation. We also employed alamarBlue and caspase 3 apoptosis assays to assess harmful effects of mobile phone on NSCs. Our results showed that the number and size of resulting neurospheres and also the percentage of cells differentiated into neurons decreased significantly with increasing exposure duration to GSM 900-MHz radiofrequency (RF)-electromagnetic field (EMF). In contrast, exposure to GSM 900-MHz RF-EMF at different durations did not influence cell viability and apoptosis of NSCs and also their astrocytic differentiation. It is concluded that accumulating dose of GSM 900-MHz RF-EMF might have devastating effects on NSCs proliferation and neurogenesis requiring more causations in terms of using mobile devices.

Comparative study of naproxen degradation via integrated UV/O3/PMS process: Degradation products, reaction pathways, and toxicity assessment

Mojtaba Pourakbar,Farshid Ghanbari,Amir Hossein Cheshme Khavar,Maryam Khashij,Mohammad Mehralian,Ali Behnami,Mohammad Satari,Mostafa Mahdaviapour,Ali Oghazyan,Ehsan Aghayani 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.10

The present study comprehensively investigated the degradation of naproxen (NPX) using UV/O3/peroxymonosulfate (PMS), UV/O3, UV/PMS, and O3/PMS processes. The effects of various parameters such as PMS and ozone dosage, pH, and NPX concentration were investigated on process performance. Scavenging tests were conducted to identify the dominant radical species. The results under the optimal conditions show that the UV/O3/PMS process is highly efficient for NPX degradation within 30 min of reaction time. Synergy index was also calculated and it was found that ozonation of the UV/PMS process leads to higher removal efficiency and a synergy effect of about 25% was calculated. It was also found that after complete destruction of NPX molecules, 76.9% of TOC was also removed. The final degradation by-products was tracked and it was proved that hydroxylation and decarboxylation were the main pathways in NPX degradation in the UV/O3/PMS reactor. It was also proved that •OH was the main oxidizing agent in the UV/O3/PMS and accordingly the degradation mechanism of NPX was suggested. Cytotoxicity assessment of the process effluent indicated a noticeable reduction in the toxicity of the NPX-laden solution after treatment using UV/ O3/PMS process. Furthermore, cost analysis of the different oxidation processes for real wastewater indicated that UV/ O3/PMS is the most cost-effective process compared to that of other processes (112US$/m3). Accordingly, it can be put forth that the UV/O3/PMS process is a promising and reliable process for the degradation of naproxen.

The Impact of Depression, Personality, and Mental Health on Outcomes of Total Knee Arthroplasty

Mehdi Moghtadaei,Ali Yeganeh,Nima Hosseinzadeh,Amir Khazanchin,Mehdi Moaiedfar,Atefeh Ghanbari Jolfaei,Shirin Nasiri 대한정형외과학회 2020 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.12 No.4

Background: Precise assessment of preoperative mental health and psychological determinants may be useful in identifying patients at risk for poor postoperative outcomes of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of psychological status and physical and mental health on the outcome of patients undergoing TKA. Methods: Fifty-two patients undergoing unilateral TKA were assessed preoperatively with Oxford Happiness Inventory, Eysenck Personality Inventory, 12-item short form health survey (SF-12), and Knee Injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) for evaluating depression, personality traits, physical and mental health, and function, respectively. At 1 year after surgery, health-related quality of life (HRQL) and function were assessed using the SF-12 and KOOS. Results: HRQL and function of all personality traits increased significantly after TKA, without significant difference among them. Extroversion and neuroticism did not have significant correlation with subjective well-being, HRQL, and function before and after surgery. Subjective well-being and the baseline physical and mental health scores were correlated strongly and directly with postoperative physical component summary, mental component summary, and KOOS scores and their improvement. Among many factors that significantly affected the outcomes of TKA, the only independent predictor of physical, mental, and functional outcome was depression. Conclusions: Outcomes of surgery were not significantly different among diverse personality traits. Patients with less depressive symptoms and higher baseline mental and physical scores had significantly greater improvement in HRQL after surgery. The only independent factor affecting the physical, mental, and functional outcome was depression.

Safflower seed oil, a rich source of linoleic acid, stimulates hypothalamic neurogenesis in vivo

Mehrzad Jafari Barmak,Ebrahim Nouri,Maryam Hashemi Shahraki,Ghasem Ghalamfarsa,Kazem Zibara,Hamdallah Delaviz,Amir Ghanbari 대한해부학회 2023 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.56 No.2

Adult neurogenesis has been reported in the hypothalamus, subventricular zone and subgranular zone in thehippocamp. Recent studies indicated that new cells in the hypothalamus are affected by diet. We previously showed beneficial effects of safflower seed oil (SSO), a rich source of linoleic acid (LA; 74%), on proliferation and differentiation of neural stemcells (NSCs) in vitro. In this study, the effect of SSO on hypothalamic neurogenesis was investigated in vivo, in comparison tosynthetic LA. Adult mice were treated with SSO (400 mg/kg) and pure synthetic LA (300 mg/kg), at similar concentrations of LA, for 8 weeks and then hypothalamic NSCs were cultured and subsequently used for Neurosphere-forming assay. In addition, serum levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Administration of SSO for 8 weeks in adult mice promoted the proliferation of NSCs isolated from SSO-treated mice. Immunofluorescence staining of the hypothalamus showed that the frequency of astrocytes (glial fibrillary acidic protein+cells) are not affected by LA or SSO. However, the frequency of immature (doublecortin+ cells) and mature (neuronal nuclei+cells) neurons significantly increased in LA- and SSO-treated mice, compared to vehicle. Furthermore, both LA and SSO caused a significant increase in the serum levels of BDNF. Importantly, SSO acted more potently than LA in all experiments. The presence of other fatty acids in SSO, such as oleic acid and palmitic acid, suggests that they could be responsible for SSO positive effect on hypothalamic proliferation and neurogenesis, compared to synthetic LA at similar concentrations.