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Alvarado-Rosales, D.,Nieto-Lopez, E.H.,Teliz-Ortiz, D.,Ayala-Escobar, V.,Silva-Rojas, H.V.,Nieto-Angel, R.,Leyva-Mir, S.G.,Jimenez-Nieto, A.,Mendez-Inocencio, C. The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2015 식물병연구 Vol.21 No.3
The tejocote (Crataegus spp.) is a tree considered to be native to Mexico. The aim of this study was to identify the causal agent of tejocote rust in the State of Puebla. Tejocote fruits were sampled in 2012 and 2013. The fungus was studied morphologically using light and scanning electron microscopy and molecularly using phylogenetic analysis of 18S and 28S rDNA genes. The fungus was identified as Gymnosporangium clavipes on tejocote fruits. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed report of Gymnosporangium clavipes Cooke & Peck affecting Crataegus mexicana var. Chapeado and C. gracilior in Puebla Mexico.
Alvarado-Ruiz, Liliana,Martinez-Silva, Maria Guadalupe,Torres-Reyes, Luis Alberto,Pina-Sanchez, Patricia,Ortiz-Lazareno, Pablo,Bravo-Cuellar, Alejandro,Aguilar-Lemarroy, Adriana,Jave-Suarez, Luis Feli Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.3
HOX transcription factors are evolutionarily conserved in many different species and are involved in important cellular processes such as morphogenesis, differentiation, and proliferation. They have also recently been implicated in carcinogenesis, but their precise role in cancer, especially in cervical cancer (CC), remains unclear. In this work, using microarray assays followed by the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), we found that the expression of 25 HOX genes was downregulated in CC derived cell lines compared with non-tumorigenic keratinocytes. In particular, the expression of HOXA9 was observed as down-modulated in CC-derived cell lines. The expression of HOXA9 has not been previously reported in CC, or in normal keratinocytes of the cervix. We found that normal CC from women without cervical lesions express HOXA9; in contrast, CC cell lines and samples of biopsies from women with CC showed significantly diminished HOXA9 expression. Furthermore, we found that methylation at the first exon of HOXA9 could play an important role in modulating the expression of this gene. Exogenous restoration of HOXA9 expression in CC cell lines decreased cell proliferation and migration, and induced an epithelial-like phenotype. Interestingly, the silencing of human papilloma virus (HPV) E6 and E7 oncogenes induced expression of HOXA9. In conclusion, controlling HOXA9 expression appears to be a necessary step during CC development. Further studies are needed to delineate the role of HOXA9 during malignant progression and to afford more insights into the relationship between downmodulation of HOXA9 and viral HPV oncoprotein expression during cercical cancer development.
Girls and School-based Violence
Melissa Alvarado 한국여성정책연구원(구 한국여성개발원) 2016 한국여성정책연구원 연구보고서 Vol.2016 No.9
Violence against women and girls (VAWG) is perhaps the most widespread violation of human rights worldwide, globally affecting around one in three women in her lifetime. Current available data shows that exposure to violence is high among 15-19 year-olds indicating that the experience of violence often starts early in women s relationships. In its efforts towards dismantling substantial barriers to VAWG in the Asia-Pacific Region, UN Women Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific has supported governments to deepen their commitments to ending VAWG and also to create favourable legal, regulatory, and social environment for ending VAWG at the regional, national, and community levels. Ending VAWG will make a crucial contribution to progress across many of the goals and targets under the new Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This presentation aims to present data and evidence about VAWG in Asia-Pacific and to share latest evidence and thinking about solutions to end VAWG. It identifies the linkages between SDGs and VAWG, including education, health and employment and introduces new resources related to preventing violence in schools, such as Connect with Respect tool and School-Related Gender Based Violence Guidelines to be released soon. It introduces the report on Women and Girls Safety and Mobility in Public Spaces, supported by KWDI.
Jaime Alvarado,Patrick Mendis 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2007 Global economic review Vol.36 No.2
In the aftermath of the Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami in December 2004, the ensuing multinational relief, humanitarian, and rebuilding efforts of the Operation United Assistance (OUA) are new examples of international cooperation to sustain and rebuild Asian communities in the post-9/11 security environment. An analysis of the cooperative efforts in light of differing theoretical perspectives provides a forum for debate on the nature of cooperation in the international arena and the implications for ethnic and civil wars in Indonesia and Sri Lanka. Once described and explained by multiple theories, the relief operations can then be used to predict and perhaps even prescribe future international cooperation in natural disasters and conflict resolution in civil war environments. As a case study, this paper also examines international security strategies and the implications for economic prosperity and political stability in sovereign but weak nation states.
D. Alvarado-Rosales,E. H. Nieto-López,D. Téliz-Ortiz,V. Ayala-Escobar,R. Nieto-Angel,H. V. Silva-Rojas,S. G. Leyva-Mir,A. Jiménez-Nieto,C. Méndez-Inocencio 한국식물병리학회 2015 식물병연구 Vol.21 No.3
The tejocote (Crataegus spp.) is a tree considered to be native to Mexico. The aim of this study was to identify the causal agent of tejocote rust in the State of Puebla. Tejocote fruits were sampled in 2012 and 2013. The fungus was studied morphologically using light and scanning electron microscopy and molecularly using phylogenetic analysis of 18S and 28S rDNA genes. The fungus was identified as Gymnosporangium clavipes on tejocote fruits. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed report of Gymnosporangium clavipes Cooke & Peck affecting Crataegus mexicana var. Chapeado and C. gracilior in Puebla Mexico.
A novel six-degrees-of-freedom series-parallel manipulator
J. Gallardo-Alvarado,R. Rodríguez-Castro,C. R. Aguilar-Nájera,L. Pérez-González 대한기계학회 2012 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.26 No.6
This paper addresses the description and kinematic analyses of a new non-redundant series-parallel manipulator. The primary feature of the robot is to have a decoupled topology consisting of a lower parallel manipulator, for controlling the orientation of the coupler platform,assembled in series connection with a upper parallel manipulator, for controlling the position of the output platform, capable to provide arbitrary poses to the output platform with respect to the fixed platform. The forward displacement analysis is carried-out in semi-closed form solutions by resorting to simple closure equations. On the other hand; the velocity, acceleration and singularity analyses of the manipulator are approached by means of the theory of screws. Simple and compact expressions are derived here for solving the infinitesimal kinematics by taking advantage of the concept of reciprocal screws. Furthermore, the analysis of the Jacobians of the robot shows that the lower parallel manipulator is practically free of singularities. In order to illustrate the performance of the manipulator, a numerical example which consists of solving the inverse/forward kinematics of the series-parallel manipulator as well as its singular configurations is provided.
Erika A. Alvarado,Feresa P. Cabrera,Monica O. Paiano,James T. Fumo,Heather L. Spalding,Celia M. Smith,Jason C. Leonard,Keolohilani H. Lopes Jr.,Randall K. Kosaki,Alison R. Sherwood 한국조류학회I 2022 ALGAE Vol.37 No.4
Two genera of the Rhodymeniales, Halopeltis and Leptofauchea, are here reported for the first time from the Hawaiian Islands and represent the deepest records for both genera. Molecular phylogenetic analyses of cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI), rbcL, and large subunit ribosomal DNA (LSU) sequences for Hawaiian specimens of Leptofauchea revealed one well-supported clade of Hawaiian specimens and three additional lineages. One of these clades is described here as Leptofauchea huawelau sp. nov., and is thus far known only from mesophotic depths at Penguin Bank in the Main Hawaiian Islands. Leptofauchea huawelau sp. nov. is up to 21 cm, and is the largest known species. An additional lineage identified in the LSU and rbcL analyses corresponds to the recently described L. lucida from Western Australia, and is a new record for Hawai‘i. Hawaiian Halopeltis formed a well-supported clade along with H. adnata from Korea, the recently described H. tanakae from mesophotic depths in Japan, and H. willisii from North Carolina, and is here described as Halopeltis nuahilihilia sp. nov. H. nuahilihilia sp. nov. has a distinctive morphology of narrow vegetative axes that harbor constrictions along their length. The current distribution of H. nuahilihilia includes mesophotic depths around W. Maui, W. Moloka‘i, and the island of Hawai‘i in the Main Hawaiian Islands. Few reproductive characters were observed because of the small number of specimens available; however, both species are distinct based on phylogeny and morphology. These descriptions further emphasize the Hawaiian mesophotic zone as a location harboring many undescribed species of marine macroalgae.
Raymundo Ramos Alvarado,Eduardo Castillo Castañeda 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.3
This research introduces a 6-degree-of-freedom parallel manipulator with a reconfigurable fixed base; the manipulator performance has been evaluated to select the most suitable reconfiguration system. The optimal design of the parallel manipulator refers to the enhancement of robot behavior achieved by the geometrical variation of the fixed platform. Motion/force transmission, with the aid of the principle of power conservation, defines the manipulator capacity to transmit its force from the actuated joints to the end-effector from different reconfiguration approaches and vice versa considering the stiffness analysis. Results allow inferring that reconfiguration of the fixed base enhances the performance of this parallel manipulator. The proposal of the reconfiguration system allows obtaining a reconfigurable parallel robot with the minimum number of actuators.
Dynamic punching shear tests of flat slab-column joints with 5D steel fibers
Yezid A. Alvarado,Benjamín Torres,Manuel Buitrago,Daniel M. Ruiz,Sergio Y. Torres,Ramón A. Álvarez 국제구조공학회 2022 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.81 No.3
This study aimed to analyze the dynamic punching shear performance of slab-column joints under cyclic loads with the use of double-hooked end (5D) steel fibers. Structural systems such as slab-column joints are widely found in infrastructures. The susceptibility to collapse of such structures when submitted to seismic loads is highly dependent on the structural performance of the slab-column connections. For this reason, the punching capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) structures has been the subject of a great number of studies. Steel fibers are used to achieve a certain degree of ductility under seismic loads. In this context, 5D steel hooked fibers provide high levels of fiber anchoring, tensile strength and ductility. However, only limited research has been carried out on the performance under cyclic loads of concrete structural members containing steel fibers. This study covers this gap with experimental testing of five different full-scale subassemblies of RC slab-column joints: one without punching reinforcement, one with conventional punching reinforcement and three with 5D steel fibers. The subassemblies were tested under cyclic loading, which consisted of applying increasing lateral displacement cycles, such as in seismic situations, with a constant axial load on the column. This set of cycles was repeated for increasing axial loads on the column until failure. The results showed that 5D steel fiber subassemblies: i) had a greater capacity to dissipate energy, ii) improved punching shear strength and stiffness degradation under cyclic loads; and iii) increased cyclic loading capacity.