Rapid fabrication of graphene/ZnO composite thin film

Ali, Adnan,Ali, Kamran,Yang, Young Jin,Jo, Jeongdai,Choi, Kyung Hyun IOP Publishing 2014 Japanese journal of applied physics Vol.53 No.5

Safety and immunogenicity of a Vi-DT typhoid conjugate vaccine: Phase I trial in Healthy Filipino adults and children

Capeding, Maria Rosario,Teshome, Samuel,Saluja, Tarun,Syed, Khalid Ali,Kim, Deok Ryun,Park, Ju Yeon,Yang, Jae Seung,Kim, Yang Hee,Park, Jiwook,Jo, Sue-Kyoung,Chon, Yun,Kothari, Sudeep,Yang, Seon-Young Elsevier Science 2018 Vaccine Vol.36 No.26

<▼1><P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>•<P>Vi-DT is safe and well tolerated in participants aged 2–45 years.</P>•<P>Significantly higher immune responses post Vi-DT compared to Vi polysaccharide vaccine.</P>•<P>No further increase in GMT post second dose as compared to post first dose of Vi-DT.</P></P></▼1><▼2><P><B>Background</B></P><P>Typhoid fever remains a major public health problem in low- and middle-income countries where children aged 2–14 years bear the greatest burden. Vi polysaccharide is poorly immunogenic in children <2 years of age, and protection in adults is modest. The limitations of Vi polysaccharide vaccines can be overcome by conjugation of the Vi to a carrier protein. A typhoid conjugate vaccine composed of Vi polysaccharide conjugated to diphtheria toxoid (Vi-DT) has been developed. The Phase I study results are presented here.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>This was a randomized, observer-blinded Phase I study to assess the safety and immunogenicity of Vi-DT compared to Vi polysaccharide vaccine, conducted in Manila, Philippines. Participants enrolled in an age de-escalation manner (18–45, 6–17 and 2–5 years) were randomized between Test (Vi-DT, 25 µg) administered at 0 and 4 weeks and Comparator (Vi polysaccharide, Typhim Vi® and Vaxigrip®, Sanofi Pasteur) vaccines.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>A total of 144 participants were enrolled (48 by age strata, 24 in Test and Comparator groups each). No serious adverse event was reported in either group. Solicited and unsolicited adverse events were mild or moderate in both groups with the exception of a 4-year old girl in Test group with grade 3 fever which resolved without sequelae. All participants in Test group seroconverted after first and second doses of Vi-DT while the proportions in the Comparator group were 97.1% and 97.2%, after first dose of Typhim Vi® and second dose of Vaxigrip®, respectively. Vi-DT showed 4-fold higher Geometric Mean Titers (GMT) compared to Typhim Vi® (adjusted for age strata, p < 0.001). No further increase of GMT was detected after the second dose of Vi-DT. Anti-DT IgG seroresponse rates were 81.2% and 84.5% post first and second Vi-DT doses, respectively.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>Vi-DT vaccine was safe, well-tolerated and immunogenic in participants aged 2–45 years.</P><P>ClinicalTrials.gov registration number: NCT02645032.</P></▼2>

Effect of flow rate in the generation of printed line in electrostatic inkjet system

Ahsan Rahman(아산 라만),Jeong-Beom Ko(고정범),Hyung-Chan kim(김형찬),Su-Jin Kim(김수진),Khalid Rahman(카리드 래만),Asif Ali(아시프 알리),Bong-Su Yang(양봉수),Adnan Ali(아드난 알리),Yang-Hoi Doh(도양회),Kyung-Hyun Choi(최경현),Dong-Won Je 한국기계가공학회 2008 한국기계가공학회 춘추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.-

The Electrostatic Inkjet system has a huge number of applications in cost and time effected manufacturing of printed electronics like RFID, flexible display, solar cell, sensors, batteries etc. So, the fundamental focus will be to investigate the drop generation phenomena by applying the electrostatic forces. Electrostatic inkjet printing for printed electronics technology is advancing rapidly but it s still in its infancy as inkjet printing system is not able to design complicated devices. This paper explains the behavior of the multiphysics phenomena of the Drop on Demand (DOD) electrostatic Inkjet system for printed electronics devices.

Assessment of Chilling Injury and Molecular Marker Analysis in Cucumber Cultivars (Cucumis sativus L.)

Ali, Asjad,Yang, Eun Mi,Bang, Sun Woong,Chung, Sang-Min,Staub, Jack E. Korean Society of Horticultural Science 2014 원예과학기술지 Vol.32 No.2

The responses to chilling temperature of 12 Korean cucumber varieties was compared to those of two U.S.A. (previously determined cold tolerant NC76 and 'Chipper'), and Chinese and Japanese germplasms. Seedlings of each entry were exposed to $4^{\circ}C$ (Experiment 1) and $1^{\circ}C$ (Experiments 2 and 3) at the first-true leaf stage for eight and nine hours, respectively, under 80% relative humidity (RH) and $149{\mu}moles{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}s^{-1}$ photosynthetic photon flux (PPF). The chilling response [damage rating (DR)] of each accession was based on visual ratings (1 to 5) after treatment, where 1 = no damage, 2 = slight, 3 = moderate, 4 = advanced, and 5 = severe damage. Predictably the cumulative average DR of chilling tolerant line NC76 and 'Chipper' after chilling w as 1 and 1.1, respectively. Korean 'Nacdongchungjang' was most sensitive to chilling temperatures [DR = 2.3] when compared to the other entries examined. The sensitivity to chilling of 'Nacdongchungjang' was followed by Chinese 'Dongguan' [DR = 1.7]. In contrast, 'Saeronchungjang' (DR = 1) and 'Janghyungnachap' (DR = 1) were the most chilling tolerant of the Korean accessions examined and equivalent to the response of line NC76 and 'Chipper'. Nevertheless, chloroplast type genotyping of these accessions with known chilling-linked sdCAPS genomic markers revealed genotypic differences between chilling tolerant lines (NC76 and 'Chipper') and all Korean lines examined.

The abundance and diversity of gut bacteria of rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) across life stages

Yang Yajun,Liu Xiaogai,Xu Hongxing,Liu Yinghong,Ali Panna,Adnan Bodlah Muhammad,Lu Zhongxian 한국응용곤충학회 2020 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.23 No.2

The bacterial community living in the insect gut may play an important role in nutrition, immunity and protection, detoxification of toxins, and inter- and intra-specific communication. Rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée) (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is a notorious pest in rice, and the diversity of the gut bacteria of C. medinalis across life stages are not well understood. Here, the diversity and abundance of the gut bacterial community in C. medinalis through life stages were investigated using Illumina Miseq technology. A total of 22 bacterial phyla, 42 classes, 100 orders, 179 families, 350 genera and 395 species were identified across the different life stages of C. medinalis. Proteobacteria and Firmicutes phyla were the dominant bacterial taxa. Members of the genera Enterococcus, unclassified Enterobacteriaceae, Wolbachia, Acinetobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Microbacterium, Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Lampropedia, and Sphingobacterium were found at all life stages. Enterococcus and unclassified Enterobacteriaceae occupied higher relative abundance among bacteria community in the 2nd to 5th instar larvae, pupae and adults. The structure of bacterial community differed across the life stages of C. medinalis. Our findings will enrich the understanding of gut bacteria in C. medinalis, and will provide foundation and assistance for the development of novel pest management strategies through utilization of microbiota.

Formation of self-organized Zircaloy-4 oxide nanotubes in organic viscous electrolyte via anodization

Ali, Ghafar,Park, Yang Jeong,Kim, Hyun Jin,Cho, Sung Oh Springer 2014 NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS Vol.9 No.1

<P>This work reports the formation of self-organized Zircaloy-4 (Zr-4) oxide nanotubes in viscous organic ethylene glycol (EG) electrolyte containing a small amount of fluoride salt and deionized (DI) water via an electrochemical anodization. The structure, morphology, and composition of the Zr-4 oxide nanotubes were studied using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), EDX, and XPS. SEM results showed that the length of the nanotubes is approximately 13 μm, and TEM results showed that the inner diameter of the Zr-4 oxide nanotubes is approximately 20 nm with average wall thickness of approximately 7 nm. XRD and selected area electron diffraction pattern (SAED) results confirmed that the as-anodized Zr-4 oxide nanotubes have cubic crystalline structure. Both cubic and monoclinic phases were found after annealing of Zr-4 oxide nanotubes. The tubular structure morphology of Zr-4 oxide nanotubes did not remain intact after annealing which is attributed to the elimination of F species from the annealed nanotubes.</P>

Quality of Duck Breast and Leg Meat after Chilling Carcasses in Water at 0, 10 or $20^{\circ}C$

Ali, Md. Shawkat,Yang, Han-Sul,Jeong, Jin-Yeon,Moon, Sang-Hun,Hwang, Young-Hwa,Hwang, Young-Hwa,Park, Gu-Boo,Joo, Seon-Tea Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.12

An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of different chilling temperature on duck breast and leg meat quality. Duck carcasses were chilled for 30 minutes in water at either $0^{\circ}C$, $10^{\circ}C$ or $20^{\circ}C$ within 20 minutes of post mortem with 6 carcasses per group. Results showed no significant effects of chilling temperature on ultimate pH, protein solubility, sarcomere length and shear force value for duck breast or leg meat (p>0.05). Leg meat had higher ultimate pH, redness and shear force value, lower cooking loss, lightness, yellowness and protein solubility values than breast meat. The interaction of meat type and chilling temperature on cooking loss was significant (p<0.05). The effect of chilling temperature on cooking loss was more severe in leg meat than breast meat and $20^{\circ}C$ chilling resulted in significantly higher cooking losses than the other chilling temperatures. Results of this experiment revealed that duck carcass can be chilled at $10^{\circ}C$ without any harmful effect on meat quality including toughness of meat.

Bile Acid and Gut Microbiota in Irritable Bowel Syndrome

Yang Won Min,Ali Rezaie,Mark Pimentel 대한소화기 기능성질환∙운동학회 2022 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.28 No.4

Gut microbiota and their metabolites like bile acid (BA) have been investigated as causes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. Primary BAs are synthesized and conjugated in the liver and released into the duodenum. BA biotransformation by gut microbiota begins in the intestine and results in production of a broad range of secondary BAs. Deconjugation is considered the gateway reaction for further modification and is mediated by bile salt hydrolase, which is widely expressed by the gut microbiota. However, gut bacteria that convert primary BAs to secondary BAs belong to a limited number of species, mainly Clostridiales. Like gut microbiota modify BA profile, BAs can shape gut microbiota via direct and indirect actions. BAs have prosecretory effects and regulates gut motility. BAs can also affect gut sensitivity. Because of the vital role of the gut microbiota and BAs in gut function, their bidirectional relationship may contribute to the pathophysiology of IBS. Individuals with IBS have been reported to have altered microbial profiles and modified BA profiles. A significant increase in fecal primary BA and a corresponding decrease in secondary BA have been observed in IBS with predominant diarrhea. In addition, primary BA was positively correlated with IBS symptoms. In IBS with predominant diarrhea, bacteria with reduced abundance mainly belonged to the genera in Ruminococcaceae and exhibited a negative correlation with primary BAs. Integrating the analysis of the gut microbiota and BAs could better understanding of IBS pathophysiology. The gap in this field needs to be further filled in the future.

EST-SSR Based Genetic Diversity and Population Structure among Korean Landraces of Foxtail Millet (Setaria italica L.)

Ali, Asjad,Choi, Yu-Mi,Do, Yoon-Hyun,Lee, Sukyeung,Oh, Sejong,Park, Hong-Jae,Cho, Yang-Hee,Lee, Myung Chul The Plant Resources Society of Korea 2016 한국자원식물학회지 Vol.29 No.3

Understanding the genetic variation among landrace collections is important for crop improvement and utilization of valuable genetic resources. The present study was carried out to analyse the genetic diversity and associated population structure of 621 foxtail millet accessions of Korean landraces using 22 EST-SSR markers. A total of 121 alleles were detected from all accessions with an average of 5.5 alleles per microsatellite locus. The average values of gene diversity, polymorphism information content, and expected heterozygosity were 0.518, 0.594, and 0.034, respectively. Following the unweighted neighbor-joining method with arithmetic mean based clustering using binary data of polymorphic markers, the genotypes were grouped into 3 clusters, and population structure analysis also separated into 3 populations. Principal coordinate analysis (PCoA) explained a variation of 13.88% and 10.99% by first and second coordinates, respectively. However, in PCoA analysis, clear population-level clusters could not be found. This pattern of distribution might be the result of gene flow via germplasm exchanges in nearby regions. The results indicate that these Korean landraces of foxtail millet exhibit a moderate level of diversity. This study demonstrated that molecular marker strategies could contribute to a better understanding of the genetic structure in foxtail millet germplasm, and provides potentially useful information for developing conservation and breeding strategies.

Properties of duck meat sausages supplemented with cereal flours.

Yang, H S,Ali, M S,Jeong, J Y,Moon, S H,Hwang, Y H,Park, G B,Joo, S T Poultry Science Association, etc 2009 Poultry science Vol.88 No.7

<P>Duck meat sausages were prepared using 10% beef fat (FDS) and 10% hydrated cereal flours including rice (RDS), wheat, corn, millet, and barley to replace fat. Control duck sausages (DS) were also prepared only with duck meat and duck meat plus 10% beef fat. Results showed that protein and fat contents significantly decreased and total expressible fluid reduced with the addition of cereal flours in duck sausage batters. The FDS had higher fat content and lower pH compared with others. Duck sausages with 10% supplemented wheat flour showed the lowest cooking loss among sausages and had similar redness and chroma values to FDS and DS. Texture analysis indicated that hardness of duck sausage significantly decreased when cereal flours and beef fat were added. In particular, RDS showed the lowest values for all texture measurements compared with others. Result of moisture absorption capacity suggested that the decrease in hardness in RDS was due to higher moisture retention for rice flour treatment. Sensory evaluation indicated that DS had significantly lower overall acceptability than RDS, due to its off-flavor, whereas RDS had higher overall acceptability than DS.</P>