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Marcia Alessandra Arantes Marques,Bruno Henrique Lopes Botelho Lourenc¸o,Michelle de Paula Reis,Karoline Bach Pauli,Andre´ Luiz Soares,Salviano Tramontin Belettini,Guilherme Donadel,Rhanany Alan Callo 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.3
Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease that is characterized by impairments in bone strength that predispose an individual to a higher risk of fractures. Despite the various etiologies, undoubtedly the most important factors are aging of the population and hypogonadism. Although several therapeutic options are available, pharmacological treatments have some risks. Among these are increases in the incidence of thrombosis, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, endometrial cancer, and muscle injury, among others. Herbal medication may be an alternative for the treatment of osteoporosis. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of a standardized extract of Tribulus terrestris L. (TT) on ovariectomy (OVX)-induced bone loss in rats. Female rats were first subjected to OVX and treated with TT (3, 30, and 300 mg/[kg·day]) or furosemide (25 mg/kg) orally for 28 days. Bone densitometry and tibial histology were performed, and acute renal function and testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), and estradiol levels were assessed. Prolonged treatment with TT stimulated bone mass gain in all ovariectomized animals, raising bone mass to levels that were similar to sham-operated rats. DHEA levels significantly increased in TT-treated rats. The TT group also had lower calcium (Ca2+) excretion that OVX control and furosemide-treated rats. Finally, the histopathological analyses showed the maintenance of bone turnover in all TT-treated groups. Overall, the results indicate that the standardized extract of T. terrestris exerted a bone-protective effect by increasing bone mineral density. This activity may be at least partially attributable to an increase in serum DHEA levels and a Ca2+-sparing effect.
Washington Rogerio de Sousa,Bruno Henrique Lopes Botelho Lourenc¸o,Michelle de Paula Reis,Guilherme Donadel,Marcia Alessandra Arantes Marques,Euclides Lara Cardozo Junior,Ezilda Jacomassi,Salviano Tra 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.1
Yerba mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St.-Hil.; Aquifoliaceae) is a popular tonic and stimulant beverage that is widely consumed in different South American countries. Estimates indicate the consumption of >1 L per day in southern Brazil and Uruguay. Despite its relatively high consumption, data on reproductive toxicity during critical periods of gestation remain unclear. Thus, we evaluated the effects of an aqueous extract of I. paraguariensis leaves (“chimarrão” [IPC]) at two critical periods of gestation in Wistar rats: preimplantation embryonic stage and fetal organogenesis. Pregnant Wistar rats were orally treated with IPC (3, 30, and 300 mg/kg) from days 1 to 7 or 8 to 21 of pregnancy. The respective control groups received vehicle. During treatment, clinical signs of maternal toxicity, maternal body weight, and food and water intake were monitored. The rats were killed on days 8 and 20 of pregnancy, and the following parameters were evaluated: weight of the maternal uterus, weight of the liver, weight of the kidneys, weight of the spleen, total embryo implantation, preimplantation loss, the mean of live fetuses, the percentage of dead fetuses, fetus weight, and fetal malformation. The aqueous extract of the leaves of I. paraguariensis L. did not present any deleterious effects on preimplantation embryos or the organogenesis of offspring from female Wistar rats. These safety data provide evidence that IPC may be safe for consumption during gestation.
Angela Zappia,Alessandra De Bruno,Amalia Piscopo,Marco Poiana 한국식품과학회 2019 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.28 No.4
The effect of alternative dipping solutions tochlorinated water was studied on qualitative parameters ofready-to-eat rocket: sanitised tap water, 1% of citric acidsolution and a mixture of citric and ascorbic acids solution. After packaging in normal atmosphere, a monitoring oftotal bacterial count and physico-chemical parameters wascarried out to 14 storage days in dark and light storageconditions. The dark exposure of the rocket leaves contributedto preserve a lower microbiological growth and thegreen color: light presence highly influenced total bacterialcount and Hue angle (p\0.01). Treatments with acids canbe recommended to preserve antioxidant compounds andcolor leaves: this factor also influenced other studiedparameters as acidity, total bacterial count, and antioxidantactivity (p\0.01). The studied alternative dipping solutionsand the storage in darkness involved a better qualityof rocket up to 14 days of shelf life respect the commercialshelf life of 7 days.
Catiane S. Souza,Bruno M. Oliveira,Gustavo G. L. Costa,Albert Schriefer,Alessandra Selbach-Schnadelbach,Ana Paula T. Uetanabaro,Carlos P. Pirovani,Gonçalo A. G. Pereira,Alex G. Taranto,Júlio Cézar de 한국미생물학회 2009 The journal of microbiology Vol.47 No.4
Chitin synthase (CHS) is a glucosyltransferase that converts UDP-N-acetylglucosamine into chitin, one of the main components of fungal cell wall. Class III chitin synthases act directly in the formation of the cell wall. They catalyze the conversion of the immediate precursor of chitin and are responsible for the majority of chitin synthesis in fungi. As such, they are highly specific molecular targets for drugs that can inhibit the growth and development of fungal pathogens. In this work, we have identified and characterized a chitin synthase gene of Moniliophthora perniciosa (Mopchs) by primer walking. The complete gene sequence is 3,443 bp, interrupted by 13 small introns, and comprises a cDNA with an ORF with 2,739 bp, whose terminal region was experimentally determined, encoding a protein with 913 aa that harbors all the motifs and domains typically found in class III chitin synthases. This is the first report on the characterization of a chitin synthase gene, its mature transcription product, and its putative protein in basidioma and secondary mycelium stages of M. perniciosa, a basidiomycotan fungus that causes witches’ broom disease of cacao.