Physical Activity and Cancer Prevention: Awareness and Meeting the Recommendations among Adult Saudis

Amin, Tarek Tawfik,Al-Hammam, Abudllah Mohammed,AlMulhim, Nasser Abdullah,Al-Hayan, Mohammed Ibrahim,Al-Mulhim, Mona Mohammed,Al-Mosabeh, Modhahir Jawad,Al-Subaie, Mohammed Ali,Al-Hmmad, Qassem Ahmed Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.6

Background: There is a scarcity of information about the proportion of the adult Saudi population that meet the recommended guidelines of physical activity (PA) to reduce cancer risk. Moreover, their awareness about the role of PA in cancer prevention is unclear. Objectives: This cross-sectional study aimed at estimating the proportion of adult Saudis meeting the PA guidelines, specifically those recommended by American Cancer Society (ACS) for cancer prevention, and to assess the public awareness about the role of PA in cancer prevention. Materials and Methods: Using a multistage sampling method, 2,127 adult Saudis of both genders were recruited from 6 urban and 4 rural primary health care centers in Al Hassa, Saudi Arabia. Participants were personally interviewed to gather information about their sociodemographic characteristics, searching activity about PA and cancer, and the time spent in leisure time PA (moderate and vigorous)/week using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire with show cards. Finally, items about the role of PA in cancer risk reduction were inquired. Results: Of the included participants, 11.6% met the recommendations for cancer prevention (${\geq}45$ minutes of moderate-vigorous PA activity/${\geq}5$ days/week or 225 minutes/week). Multivariate regression showed that being male (AOR=1.49, CI=1.09-2.06), <20 years of age (AOR=3.11, CI=2.03-4.76), and unemployed (AOR=2.22, CI=1.57-3.18) were significant predictors for meeting PA recommendations for cancer prevention. Only 11.4% of the sample indicated correctly the frequency and duration of PA required for an average adult to be physically active and while >70% of them indicated the role of PA in prevention of hypertension, coronary heart disease and lowering elevated blood cholesterol, only 18.6% and 21.7% correctly mentioned the role of PA in reducing colon and breast cancer risk, respectively. Poor knowledge was found among those with less than college education and aged ${\geq}50$ years. The level of knowledge was significantly positively correlated with total leisure time PA of the participants. Conclusions: A minority of adult Saudis in Al Hassa was aware about the role of PA in cancer prevention and engaged in sufficient LTPA for cancer risk reduction benefits, highlighting the need for public health actions to include policies and programs that address factors deterring their participation in LTPA and increasing their awareness with remedies to manage the prevalent misconceptions.

Opportunistic Insights into Occupational Health Hazards Associated with Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Premises in the United Kingdom

Al-Bakri, Ali,Jawad, Mohammed,Salameh, Pascale,al'Absi, Mustafa,Kassim, Saba Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.2

Background: Smokefree laws aim to protect employees and the public from the dangers of secondhand smoke. Waterpipe premises have significantly increased in number in the last decade, with anecdotal reports of poor compliance with the smokefree law. The literature is bereft of information pertaining to waterpipe premise employees. This study aimed to opportunistically gather knowledge about the occupational health hazards associated with working in waterpipe premises in London, England. Materials and Methods: Employees from seven convenience-sampled, smokefree-compliant waterpipe premises in London were observed for occupational activities. Opportunistic carbon monoxide (CO) measurements were made among those with whom a rapport had developed. Observations were thematically coded and analysed. Results: Occupational hazards mainly included environmental smoke exposure. Waterpipe-serving employees were required to draw several puffs soon after igniting the coals, thereby providing quality assurance of the product. Median CO levels were 27.5ppm (range 21-55ppm) among these employees. Self-reported employee health was poor, with some suggestion that working patterns and smoke exposure was a contributory factor. Conclusions: The smokefree law in England does not appear to protect waterpipe premise employees from high levels of CO. Continued concerns surrounding chronic smoke exposure may contribute to poor self-reported physical and mental wellbeing.

Applications of 5G and 6G in Smart Health Services

Al-Jawad, Fatimah,Alessa, Raghad,Alhammad, Sukainah,Ali, Batoola,Al-Qanbar, Majd,Rahman, Atta-ur International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.3

Healthcare organizations are overwhelmingly embracing smart value-based care strategies, which focuses on providing superior treatment at a significantly lower cost and quality of service (QoS). For these purposes, fifth generation (5G) of mobile service provides an innumerable improvement that clearly outperforms previous generations e.g., 3G and 4G. However, as with most advancements, 5G is projected to introduce new challenges, prompting the community to think about what comes next. This research was conducted to examine the most recent smart 5G technology applications and the solutions they provide to the healthcare industry. Finally, the paper discusses how the upcoming 6G technology has the potential to transform the future of healthcare sector even beyond the current 5G systems.

Hepatitis C Virus Prevalence and Genotyping among Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients in Baghdad

Al-Kubaisy, Waqar Abd Al Qahar,Obaid, Kadhim Jawad,Noor, Nor Aini Mohd,Ibrahim, Nik Shamsidah Binti Nik,Al-Azawi, Ahmed Albu-Kareem Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.18

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the third most common cause for cancer death in the world, now being especially linked to chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. This case-control study consisting of 65 HCC patients and 82 patients with other malignant tumours as controls was conducted to determine the association of HCV markers with HCC. Serum of each participant was obtained for detection of HCV Ab and RNA by DNA enzyme immunoassay (DEIA). Twenty six per cent (26.0%) of HCC patients had positive anti-HCV which was significantly greater than the control group (p=0.001). HCC patients significantly have a risk of exposure to HCV infection almost 3 times than the control group (OR=2.87, 95% C.I=1.1-7). Anti-HCV seropositive rate was significantly (p=0.03) higher among old age HCC patients and increases with age. Males with HCC significantly showed to have more than 9 times risk of exposure to HCV infection (OR=9.375, 95 % CI=1.299-67.647) than females. HCV-RNA seropositive rate was (70.8%) significantly higher among HCC patients compared to (22.2%) the control group (p=0.019). The most prevalent genotype (as a single or mixed pattern of infection) was HCV-1b. This study detected a significantly higher HCV seropositive rate of antibodies and RNA in HCC patients.

Prevalence of Cigarette Smoking and Associated Factors among Secondary School Teachers in Malaysia

Al-Naggar, Redhwan A.,Jawad, Ammar A.,Bobryshev, Yuri V. Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.11

Objective: The smoking prevalence in Malaysia is high, especially among men and adolescents. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and associated factors towards cigarette smoking among school teachers in Malaysia. Methodology: This study was a school-based cross-sectional study conducted among 495 secondary school teachers. The questionnaire used in this study consisted of 29 questions categorized into two sections: socio-demographic characteristics and smoking behaviour. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) program 13.0. ANOVA; t-tests were used in univariate analysis; multiple linear regression was applied for multivariate analysis. Results: The majority of the participants were female (81.6%), in the age group ranged between 30-39 years (44%), Malay (90.1%), married (89.7%), degree holders (85.1%), with monthly income ranged between 3000-3999 Ringgit Malaysia (33.5%), from urban areas (94.7%), their specialty is social studies (33.9%) and with no family history of cancer (83.6%). The prevalence of smoking among school teachers in Malaysia was found to be 7.8%. Regarding reasons to start smoking among school teachers: the major reason was found to be relaxation (33.3%), followed by stress-relief (28.2%). Univariate analysis showed that sex, educational status, monthly income and residency were significantly associated with smoking among school teachers (p<0.001, p=0.004, p=0.031, p=0.010; respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that gender and marital status were significantly associated with smoking among school teachers (p<0.001, p=0.033; respectively). Conclusion: The prevalence of smoking among school teachers in Malaysia was found to be relatively low. Sex, marital status, educational status, monthly income and residency were significantly associated with smoking among school teachers.

A comparative study of the reproducibility of landmark identification on posteroanterior and anteroposterior cephalograms generated from cone-beam computed tomography scans

Eui-Ri Na,AL JAWAD HUSSEIN MUSTAFA SADIQ,Kyung-Min Lee,Hyeon-Shik Hwang 대한치과교정학회 2019 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.49 No.1

Objective: This in-vivo study aimed to compare landmark identification errors in anteroposterior (AP) and posteroanterior (PA) cephalograms generated from conebeam computed tomography (CBCT) scan data in order to examine the feasibility of using AP cephalograms in clinical settings. Methods: AP and PA cephalograms were generated from CBCT scans obtained from 25 adults. Four experienced and four inexperienced examiners were selected depending on their experience levels in analyzing frontal cephalograms. They identified six cephalometric landmarks on AP and PA cephalograms. The errors incurred in positioning the cephalometric landmarks on the AP and PA cephalograms were calculated by using the straight-line distance and the horizontal and vertical components as parameters. Results: Comparison of the landmark identification errors in CBCT-generated frontal cephalograms revealed that landmark-dependent differences were greater than experienceor projection-dependent differences. Comparisons of landmark identification errors in the horizontal and vertical directions revealed larger errors in identification of the crista galli and anterior nasal spine in the vertical direction and the menton in the horizontal direction, in comparison with the other landmarks. Comparison of landmark identification errors between the AP and PA projections in CBCT-generated images revealed a slightly higher error rate in the AP projections, with no inter-examiner differences. Statistical testing of the differences in landmark identification errors between AP and PA cephalograms showed no statistically significant differences for all landmarks. Conclusions: The reproducibility of CBCT-generated AP cephalograms is comparable to that of PA cephalograms; therefore, AP cephalograms can be generated reliably from CBCT scan data in clinical settings.

An Econometrics Analysis on the Financial Ratios for the Period (2012-2019): Evidence from the Agricultural Production Company

Emad Mohamed Abdulrahman AL Qaisi,Fadhil Jawad Dahash 대한산업공학회 2021 Industrial Engineeering & Management Systems Vol.20 No.4

This study analyzes the application of the financial ratios (ROA, Current Ratio, and Acid Test Ratio) over the period 2012-2019 and its impact on the firm value of one of the private companies in the field of food and beverages. In this study, two hypotheses have been conducted and tested accordingly. Based on the test, only the second hypothesis is accepted. Q ratio is used to determine whether or not the financial ratios affect the firm value as a measure of firm value. This is examined utilizing many ROA, CR, and ATR regression analyses as the independent variable. Kolmogorov-Smirnov and heteroskedasticity tests have been used to verify the proposed mathematical model accordingly. The results revealed that there are increasing in all three financial ratios. As well as, showed that ACID test ratio and ROA have a favorable association with Firm Value. The analysis finds that undertakings must pay based on these results. A more focus must be given to financial ratios and there is a more genuine and inclusive demand for yearly company reports.

Biochemical and histopathological changes in livers of rats poisoned with aluminum phosphide and treated with carrot extract

Ali Husein Ali Al-Safar,Rafat A. Mohammed Jawad,Hussein Ali Khayoon,Mohenned A. Alsaadawi,Khalil Hassan Zenad,Zeayd Fadhil Saeed,Mansoor J. Alkhaled 환경독성보건학회 2023 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.38 No.2

Cost effective biosynthetic approach for graphene exhibiting superior sonochemical dye removal capacity

Akhil Syed,Saeed Al Musawi Mahdi Jawad,Majety Syam Sundar,Mullamuri Bhanu,Majji Ganesh,Bharatiya Debasrita,Mosali Venkata Sai Sriram,Bollikolla Hari Babu,Chandu Basavaiah 한국탄소학회 2021 Carbon Letters Vol.31 No.6

Green synthesis of graphene using leaf extracts as sustainable reducing and capping agents is a thrust area of research owing to its simplicity, eco-friendly nature and the ease of access to graphene. Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam) plant is widely cultivated in India owing to its important medicinal and nutritional values. Inspired by these reports, herein we report a simple, green and economic synthesis of graphene, Moringa leaf extract employed reduced graphene oxide (MRGO) with excellent dye removal efciencies. The MRGO is prepared by refuxing a mixture of aqueous dispersion of graphene oxide and Moringa leaf extract for 10 h. Further, we elucidated the role of synthesized MRGO in the removal of methylene blue (MB) and rhodamine B (RB) dyes through the sonochemical method. This as-synthesized material exhibited excellent dye removal efciencies of about 93% and 87% against MB and RB dyes, respectively. Graphene with huge surface area expedited the better adsorption of dye molecules, thus, facilitated the better removal of the latter. Therefore, the superior dye removal efciencies of MRGO were attributed to its adsorption capacity. This cost-efective synthetic approach of MRGO nanomaterial has a great potential for the innovative applications in water purifcation technology and fnd its place in further industrialization.

Annealing Effect on Structural, Electrical and Optical Properties of CdS Films Prepared by CBD Method

Haider, Adawiya J.,Mousa, Ali M.,Al-Jawad, Selma M.H. The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2008 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.8 No.4

In this work CdS films were prepared by using chemical bath deposition, which is simple and inexpensive technique suitable for large deposition area. Annealing in air at different temperatures (300, 350, 400, 450 and $500^{\circ}C$) at constant time of 30 min, also for different times (15, 30, 45, 60 and 90 min) at constant temperature ($300^{\circ}C$) is achieved. X-Ray analysis has confirmed the formation of cadmium oxide (CdO) with slight increase in grain size, shift towards lower scattering angle due to relaxation in the tensile strain for deposition films, and structure change from cubic and hexagonal to the hexagonal. From electrical properties, significant increase in electrical conductivity appeared in samples annealed at $300^{\circ}C$ for 60 min, and at $350^{\circ}C$ for 30 min.