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Akira Kitayama,Kazunori Kadota,Seika Fujioka,Yuto Konishi,Hiromasa Uchiyama,Yuichi Tozuka,Atsuko Shimosaka,Mikio Yoshida,Yoshiyuki Shirakawa 한국공업화학회 2018 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.62 No.-
The amorphization of indomethacin (IMC) with cystine (Cys2) was studied by discrete element method (DEM) simulations and principal component analysis (PCA). X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) analysis suggested that the conversion of crystalline IMC to amorphous state was accelerated by co-grinding with Cys2. XRPD spectra about amorphization of IMC with Cys2 were analyzed by PCA. PCA results suggest that IMC/Cys2 system undergoes two-phase amorphization, as indicated by the 2nd PC score, and that the change in phase depends on the total frictional energy calculated by DEM simulations. Electron spin resonance result revealed that the radical from Cys2 may be related to the amorphized progression of IMC.
Satomi Shiba,Michiko Harao,Akira Saito,Masako Sakuragi,Joji Kitayama,Naohiro Sata 한국유방암학회 2024 Journal of breast cancer Vol.27 No.2
This study investigated the clinical effect of metformin on breast cancer patients with preexisting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We analyzed 177 patients with T2DM who underwent breast cancer surgery and assessed tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) and tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) in patients who underwent tumor resection with or without metformin treatment using multiplex immunohistochemistry (IHC). Patients who received metformin either pre- or postoperatively exhibited reduced distant organ recurrence and improved postoperative recurrence-free survival compared to those of patients who did not. Additionally, in a subgroup of 40 patients receiving preoperative systemic therapy, metformin treatment was associated with increased rates of pathological complete response. IHC analysis revealed significantly lower levels of cluster of differentiation (CD) 68(+) CD163(+) M2-type TAMs (p < 0.01) but higher CD3(+) and CD8(+) TIL densities in the metformin-treated group compared with the same parameters in those without metformin treatment, with a significant difference in the CD8(+)/CD3(+) TIL ratio (p < 0.01). Despite the constraints posed by our small sample size, our findings suggest a potential role for metformin in modulating the immunological microenvironment, which may contribute to improved outcomes in diabetes patients with breast cancer.