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Women’s Unpaid Care Work in Urban Pakistan during COVID-19: Awakening Women’s Agency?
Anam Khan,Aisha Anees Malik 숙명여자대학교 아시아여성연구원 2023 Asian Women Vol.39 No.2
This research records, highlights, and analyzes the experiences of women’s unpaid care work during the pandemic of Covid-19 in Abbottabad, Pakistan. Women’s unpaid care work during Covid-19 occurs in a context where structural discrimination already persists: Women perform a disproportionate share of unpaid care work due to the gendered division of labor. This article addresses the gendered power ideologies underpinning familial relationships in Pakistan that were revealed during the Covid-19 pandemic. Both working women and housewives were obligated to take on additional household responsibilities, constantly switching between roles (mother, housewife, daughter-in-law, employee) to cater for the needs of the family. Through the experiences of Pakistani women, this study shows how Covid-19 has served as an insightful journey for these women who amidst patriarchal ideologies developed an understanding of their individuality, identity, and their significance in this unpaid care work realm. The pandemic prompted them to reflect on their roles as care workers and instilled a sort of agency in them to negotiate, resist, redefine, and maneuver through their subordinated positions to feel empowered and happy. The study also contests the idea of homogeneity inherent in the women’s experiences through the 20 narratives that it discusses with a special focus on the distinctiveness intertwined in the use of agency by these women. Hence, the article subtly explores subjective experiences and contextualizes the reflexive responses of these women during the Covid-19 pandemic.