Disruption of cell-cell interaction by a polydnavirus gene, CpBV-ELP1

Ahmed Abdel-Fattah,Yonggyun Kim 한국응용곤충학회 2011 한국응용곤충학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2011 No.05

A polydnavirus, Cotesia plutellae bracovirus (CpBV), is a symbiotic provirus to an endoparasitoid wasp, C. plutellae. When the wasp parasitizes its natural host, Plutella xylostella, larvae, CpBV viral particles are translocated to hemocoel of P. xylostella along with the wasp eggs. CpBV-ELP1 is encoded in a viral segment and expressed in the parasitized larvae during entire parasitization period. A recombinant baculovirus expressing CpBV-ELP1 was constructed and applied to a non-natural host, Spodoptera exigua, larvae. When the recombinant baculovirus was injected to hemocoel, CpBV-ELP1 was expressed in hemocytes as early as 2h postinjection and then later expressed in other tissues. When it was applied to diet, CpBV-ELP1 was expressed in midgut epithelium at 12 h and subsequently expressed in internal tissues. Both application methods of the recombinant baculovirus caused significantly higher mortality of S. exiguathan non-recombinant baculovirus. Interestingly, midgut epithelial cells expressing CpBV-ELP1 by infection of the recombinant baculovirus showed poor cell-cell interactions. Integrin, a cell surface molecule associated with cell-cell interaction, was cloned in S. exigua and was confirmed in its expression in the midgut epithelium. A hypothesis was raised that CpBV-ELP1 interrupts integrin function by direct binding or by blocking internal integrin signaling.

Original Article: Food Science/Microbiology : Optimization of Medium Composition and Cultivation Parameters for Fructosyltransferase Production by Penicillium aurantiogriseum AUMC 5605

( Mohamed Abdel Fattah Mohamed Farid ),( Zinat Kamel ),( Elsayed Ahmed Elsayed ),( Azza Mohamed Noor El Deen ) 한국응용생명화학회 2015 Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry (J. Appl. Vol.58 No.3

Fructooligosaccharides have been mainly produced by microbial fructosyltransferases (FTase) enzymes. The present work focuses on the optimization of medium composition and cultivation parameters affecting FTase produced by Penicillium aurantiogriseum AUMC 5605 in shake flask cultivation. FTase production was optimized in two steps using DeMeo’s fractional factorial design. A 1.46-fold increase in FTase production (105.4 U/mL) was achieved using the optimized culture medium consisting of (g/L): sucrose, 600; yeast extract, 10; K2HPO4, 5; MgSO4·7H2O, 0.5; (NH4) 2SO4, 1.0 and KCl, 0.5. The obtained results showed that the maximum FTase enzyme activity was produced at initial cultivation pH values ranging from 6.0-6.5, at agitation speed of 200 rpm and using vegetative fungal cells as inoculum. Moreover, results showed that optimization of medium composition and some cultivation parameters resulted in an increase of about 93.7% in the enzyme activity than the nonoptimized cultivation conditions after 96 h of cultivation. Additionally, maximum production and specific production rates recorded 2340 U/L/h and 102 U/L/h/g cells, respectively.

Multiple-Model Adaptive Control for Interval Plants

Tamer Ahmed Nasr,Hossam A. Abdel Fattah,Adel A. R. Hanafy 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2012 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.10 No.1

Multiple-Model Adaptive Control (MMAC) is usually considered suitable for Interval Plants. This pa-per proposes a multiple model adaptive controller for first order interval plant with large delays. The number of models to be used is investigated and the controller parameters tuning is studied. The proposed scheme is applied to a numerical example for illustration. Simulation results show the applicability of the method.

Nasal septal anatomical variations among Saudi population and their possible coincidence with sinusitis: a computed tomography scan study

Gisma Ahmed Madani,Wael Amin Nasr El-Din,Asmaa S. Essawy,Khamrunissa Hussain,Islam Omar Abdel Fattah 대한해부학회 2022 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.55 No.4

The nasal septum is a crucial supporting factor for the nasal cavity and may develop several anatomical variants including septal deviation, spur and pneumatization. These variants could be associated with a higher incidence of sinusitis due to structural and functional alterations. So, the aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of nasal septal deviation (NSD), nasal septal spur (NSS) and nasal septal pneumatization (NSP) among the Saudi adult population and their links with the incidence of sinusitis by using computed tomography (CT). A retrospective study was achieved over a twenty-two months period on 681 adult Saudi subjects (420 males and 261 females) aged 20 years or older, referred for coronal CT evaluation of the paranasal sinuses. NSD and NSS were significantly more prevalent in males than females (80.0% vs. 67.4% respectively for NSD, and 34.5% vs. 24.9% respectively for NSS), while there was no statistical difference in frequency of NSP regarding gender (P=0.670). The incidence of sinusitis was significantly higher in presence of NSD and/or NSS (P<0.001 for both). On the contrary, NSP was not associated with a significant increase in the prevalence of sinusitis (P=0.131). In conclusion, NSD and NSS are more prevalent in males than females among the Saudi population with no statistical difference between both genders regarding the presence of septal pneumatization. Furthermore, sinusitis is more prevalent with the occurrence of NSD and NSS, and not related to the incidence of NSP.

Optimization, Purification, and Characterization of Haloalkaline Serine Protease from a Haloalkaliphilic Archaeon Natrialba hulunbeirensis Strain WNHS14

( Rania S Ahmed ),( Amira M Embaby ),( Mostafa Hassan ),( Nadia A Soliman ),( Yasser R Abdel-fattah ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2021 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.49 No.2

The present study addresses isolation, optimization, partial purification, and characterization of a haloalkaline serine protease from a newly isolated haloarchaeal strain isolated from Wadi El Natrun in Egypt. We expected that a two-step sequential statistical approach (one variable at a time, followed by response surface methodology) might maximize the production of the haloalkaline serine protease. The enzyme was partially purified using Hiprep 16/60 sephacryl S-100 HR gel filtration column. Molecular identification revealed the newly isolated haloarchaeon to be Natrialba hulunbeirensis strain WNHS14. Among several tested physicochemical determinants, casamino acids, KCl, and NaCl showed the most significant effects on enzyme production as determined from results of the One-Variable-At-A-time (OVAT) study. The Box- Behnken design localized the optimal levels of the three key determinants; casamino acids, KCl, and NaCl to be 0.5% (w/v), 0.02% (w/v), and 15% (w/v), respectively, obtaining 62.9 U/ml as the maximal amount of protease produced after treatment at 40℃, and pH 9 for 9 days with 6-fold enhancement in yield. The enzyme was partially purified after size exclusion chromatography with specific activity, purification fold, and yield of 1282.63 U/mg, 8.9, and 23%, respectively. The enzyme showed its maximal activity at pH, temperature, and NaCl concentration optima of 10, 75℃, and 2 M, respectively. Phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF, 5 mM) completely inhibited enzyme activity.

Biochar from woody biomass for removing metal contaminants and carbon sequestration

Tarek M. Abdel-Fattah,Mohamed E. Mahmoud,Somia B. Ahmed,Matthew D. Huff,James W. Lee,Sandeep Kumar 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.22 No.-

Biochar generated from pinewood via slow pyrolysis was studied for its viability as a soil amendment aswell as for its absorptive capacity for Mg, Ca, Cr, and Pb in solution. Cation exchange capacity (CEC)measurements showed that the biochar sample has a CEC of roughly double that of the reference soilsample. A high CEC value indicates that not only can the biochar sample be used as a carbonsequestration agent, but also as a valuable soil amendment for increasing a soil’s natural CEC. Biocharwas characterized using elemental analysis, SEM, BET surface area, FTIR, and XRF. These results showedthat biochar produced via slow pyrolysis possesses several highly beneficial attributes. The metaladsorption characteristics of biochar were studied in presence of various controlling parameters such aspH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and interfering species. The results confirmed excellent adsorptioncapacity values of the biochar for Mg(II), Ca(II), Cr(VI), and Pb(II) by producing 440 (pH 7.0), 120 (pH 7.0),680 (pH 1.0), and 520 (pH 6.0) mmol g 1, respectively. The potential applications of the biochar forremoval of these four metal ions from real water samples were also studied and evaluated.

Isoflavonoids and Alkaloids from Spartidium saharae

Osama B. Abdel Halim,Hosny A. Abdel Fattah,Fathi T. Halaweish,Ahmed F. Halim 한국생약학회 2000 Natural Product Sciences Vol.6 No.4

A new isoflavone, (+)-4`-O-methyl-8-C-β-D-glucopyranosylgenistein, was isolated from the aerial parts of Spartidium saharae together with the known isoflavone, (+)-8-C-β-D-glucopyranosylgenistein as well as dipiperidine alkaloids, (+)-ammodendrine and (+)-N-acetyl hystrine. Details of their structure elucidation are based on chemical and spectroscopic methods. N-formyl ammodendrine was detected by GC-MS. The potential chemotaxonomic value of the alkaloid content is explored. Cytotoxic activity has been determined for both alcoholic extract and isolated compounds.

Topical onion juice mitigates the morphological alterations of the cornea in the aged male rats

Islam Omar Abdel Fattah,Gisma Ahmed Madani,Wael Amin Nasr El-Din 대한해부학회 2021 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.54 No.3

Aging is associated with structural and functional changes of the cornea. Fresh onion juice contains phenolic compounds and flavonoids that may provide an anti-aging effect. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of the onion juice to ameliorate these aging changes. Rats were grouped as adult and aged groups. Rats of both groups received eye drops of diluted onion juice in their right eyes every 8 hours for 12 weeks, while the left ones were served as control eyes. The corneas of both eyes underwent histopathological, immunohistochemical and morphometric assessments, in addition to measuring their intraocular pressure (IOP). The aged group exhibited a significantly elevated IOP, decreased tear secretion, degenerated corneal epithelium and endothelium, surface erosions and stromal edema with irregular collagen fibers. Administration of onion juice led to lowering of IOP, significant increase in tearing, restoration of most of epithelial, endothelial and stromal integrity, and increased epithelial, keratocystic and endothelial cell densities. Immunohistochemically, the epithelium and endothelium revealed positive immune reactions for both epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and paired box protein-6 (PAX6) in the control and onion-treated corneas of the adult group, while these immune reactions were negative in the untreated aged ones. Onion drops in aged corneas showed a positive immune reaction for EFGR and PAX6 involving the epithelial and endothelial layers. In conclusion, topical onion juice improves corneal aging changes through its direct effect, and indirectly through lowering IOP and enhancing tear secretion.

Consecutive versus concomitant follicle-stimulating hormone and highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin: A milder response but better quality

Maghraby, Hassan Ali,Agameya, Abdel Fattah Mohamed,Swelam, Manal Shafik,El Dabah, Nermeen Ahmed,Ahmed, Ola Youssef The Korean Society for Reproductive Medicine 2022 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.49 No.2

Objective: This study investigated the impact of two stimulation protocols using highly purified human menopausal gonadotropin (HP-hMG) on the endocrine profile, follicular fluid soluble Fas levels, and outcomes of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) cycles. Methods: This prospective clinical trial included 100 normal-responder women undergoing ovarian stimulation for ICSI; 55 patients received concomitant follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) plus HP-hMG from the start of stimulation, while 45 patients received FSH followed by HP-hMG during mid/late follicular stimulation. The primary outcome was the number of top-quality embryos. The secondary outcomes were the number and percentage of metaphase II (MII) oocytes and the clinical pregnancy rate. Results: The number of MII oocytes was significantly higher in the concomitant protocol (median, 13.0; interquartile range [IQR], 8.5-18.0 vs. 9.0 [8.0-13.0] in the consecutive protocol; p=0.009); however, the percentage of MII oocytes and the fertilization rate were significantly higher in the consecutive protocol (median, 90.91; IQR, 80.0-100.0 vs. 83.33 [75.0-93.8]; p=0.034 and median, 86.67; IQR, 76.9-100.0 vs. 77.78 [66.7-89.9]; p=0.028, respectively). No significant between-group differences were found in top-quality embryos (p=0.693) or the clinical pregnancy rate (65.9% vs. 61.8% in the consecutive vs. concomitant protocol, respectively). The median follicular fluid soluble Fas antigen level was significantly higher in the concomitant protocol (9,731.0 pg/mL; IQR, 6,004.5-10,807.6 vs. 6,350.2 pg/mL; IQR, 4,382.4-9,418.4; p=0.021). Conclusion: Personalized controlled ovarian stimulation using HP-hMG during the late follicular phase led to a significantly lower response, but did not affect the quality of ICSI.

Prevalence of the anatomical variations of concha bullosa and its relation with sinusitis among Saudi population: a computed tomography scan study

Wael Amin Nasr El-Din,Gisma Ahmed Madani,Islam Omar Abdel Fattah,Esmat Mahmoud,Asmaa S. Essawy 대한해부학회 2021 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.54 No.2

Concha bullosa (CB) is a pneumatic cavitation inside a concha in the nasal cavity. It is one of the most widely recognized nasal variations and is mostly found in the middle concha. CB is divided according to its site into three types; lamellar, bulbous and extensive. The goal of our study was to estimate the prevalence of CB among Saudi adult population and its association with sinusitis by using multidetector computed tomography (MDCT). This was a retrospective study carried out over a three-year period on 879 adult Saudi patients aged 18 years or older, referred for MDCT assessment of paranasal sinuses. Males were 540 and females were 339. Patients with facial congenital anomalies or nasal trauma were excluded from our study. CB was prevalent in both males and females among Saudi population (55.4%, 55.7%) respectively. Bilateral CB (55.5%) was more frequent than unilateral (44.5%). Extensive CB (44.0%) was the most frequent type. Sinusitis was associated more in patients with CB (48.0%) versus those who have no CB (5.9%). In conclusion, CB was prevalent among Saudi population and the most frequently recorded is the extensive type. Furthermore, the most common type associated with sinusitis was extensive CB (49.6%).