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Measurement of jet radial profiles in Pb–Pb collisions at <sub> s NN </sub> = 2.76 TeV
Acharya, S.,Adamová,, D.,Adhya, S.P.,Adler, A.,Adolfsson, J.,Aggarwal, M.M.,Aglieri Rinella, G.,Agnello, M.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmad, S.,Ahn, S.U.,Aiola, S.,Akindinov, A.,Al-Turany, M.,Alam North-Holland Pub. Co 2019 Physics letters. Section B Vol.796 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The jet radial structure and particle transverse momentum ( <SUB> p T </SUB> ) composition within jets are presented in centrality-selected Pb–Pb collisions at <SUB> s NN </SUB> = 2.76 TeV. Track-based jets, which are also called charged jets, were reconstructed with a resolution parameter of R = 0.3 at midrapidity | <SUB> η ch jet </SUB> | < 0.6 for transverse momenta <SUB> p T , ch jet </SUB> = 30 –120 GeV/<I>c</I>. Jet–hadron correlations in relative azimuth and pseudorapidity space ( Δ φ , Δ η ) are measured to study the distribution of the associated particles around the jet axis for different <SUB> p T , assoc </SUB> -ranges between 1 and 20 GeV/<I>c</I>. The data in Pb–Pb collisions are compared to reference distributions for pp collisions, obtained using embedded PYTHIA simulations. The number of high- <SUB> p T </SUB> associate particles ( 4 < <SUB> p T , assoc </SUB> < 20 GeV/<I>c</I>) in Pb–Pb collisions is found to be suppressed compared to the reference by 30 to 10%, depending on centrality. The radial particle distribution relative to the jet axis shows a moderate modification in Pb–Pb collisions with respect to PYTHIA. High- <SUB> p T </SUB> associate particles are slightly more collimated in Pb–Pb collisions compared to the reference, while low- <SUB> p T </SUB> associate particles tend to be broadened. The results, which are presented for the first time down to <SUB> p T , ch jet </SUB> = 30 GeV/<I>c</I> in Pb–Pb collisions, are compatible with both previous jet–hadron-related measurements from the CMS Collaboration and jet shape measurements from the ALICE Collaboration at higher <SUB> p T </SUB> , and add further support for the established picture of in-medium parton energy loss.</P>
GUNS AND BUTTER : WHY DO HUMAN SECURITY AND TRADITIONAL SECURITY CO-EXIST IN ASIA?
Acharya, Amitav 연세대학교 동서문제연구원 2003 Global economic review Vol.32 No.3
This paper examines the concept of human security as it applies to Asia, in challenging the dominance of the national security paradigm in Asia. To understand the concept of human security, we may combine the interdependent understandings of freedom from fear, freedom from want, and freedom from suffering in times of conflict. To make the distinction between human security and national security, we may highlight the following three important questions: whose security, security against what, and security in which areas.
Conflict Avoidance in Construction Projects: Six 'C' Rescue Factors
Acharya Nirmal Kumar,Lee Young-Dai,Kim Sa-Myeong Korea Institute of Construction Engineering and Ma 2005 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.6 No.6
Conflict is aroused when different people having different interest work together for fulfilling same the objectives. As the construction field is large, complex, volatile and requires tremendous capital, there are always greater challenges and possibility of risks of conflicts. Poor management practices in construction site and trying to protect risks and threats by contracting parties are the cited sources of the construction conflicts. The best management practice is to resolve the problems before these cultivate as conflicts. This paper has identified six dispute avoidance factors-Convince, Coordination, Consideration, Compromise, Consolation and Coercion. Six 'C' factors described in this paper are the mantra (formula) to execute a conflict free construction project. The conflict avoidance factors have been verified through a successfully executed project called TEVT development project (Technical Education and Vocational Training) during 1993-1998 in Nepal. The results show that the six 'C' factors 'C' considered during the implementation of the project, construction conflicts would be controlled or minimized effectively.
Acharya Shankar,Khanna Varun,Chahal Rupinder Singh,Kalra Kashmiri Lal,Vishwakarma Gayatri 대한척추외과학회 2023 Asian Spine Journal Vol.17 No.5
Study Design: This is a retrospective cohort study.Purpose: This study aimed to identify the clinicoradiological risk factors associated with the inability to achieve minimum clinically important difference (MCID) on the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) Scale in operated cases of cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM).Overview of Literature: Only a few studies have evaluated the outcomes of surgery performed for CSM using MCID on the mJOA scale.Methods: We analyzed 124 operated CSM cases from March 2019 to April 2021 for preoperative clinical features, cervical sagittal radiographic parameters, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensities (SI). The risk factors associated with missing the MCID (poor outcome) on mJOA at the final follow-up were identified using binary logistic regression. Multivariate analysis was used to find significant risk factors, and odds ratios (OR) were computed.Results: A total of 110 men (89.2%) and 14 women (10.8%) with an average age of 53.5±13.2 years were included in the analysis. During the last follow-up, 89 cases (72.1%) achieved MCID (meaningful gains following surgery) while 35 (27.9%) could not. The final model identified the following parameters as significant risk factors for poor outcome: increased duration of symptoms (OR, 6.77; <i>p</i>=0.001), lower preoperative mJOA scale (OR, 0.75; <i>p</i>=0.029), the presence of multilevel T2-weighted (T2W) MRI SI (OR, 4.79; <i>p</i>=0.004), and larger change in cervical sagittal vertical axis (ΔcSVA) (OR, 1.06; <i>p</i>=0.013). Also, an increase in cSVA postoperatively correlated with a reduced functional recovery rate (<i>r</i>=−0.4, <i>p</i><0.001).Conclusions: Surgery for CSM leads to significant functional benefits. However, poorer outcomes are observed in cases of greater duration of symptoms, higher preoperative severity with multilevel T2W MRI SI, and a larger increase in the postoperative cSVA (sagittal imbalance).
Study of the Λ–Λ interaction with femtoscopy correlations in p p and p–Pb collisions at the LHC
Acharya, S.,Adamová,, D.,Adhya, S.P.,Adler, A.,Adolfsson, J.,Aggarwal, M.M.,Aglieri Rinella, G.,Agnello, M.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmad, S.,Ahn, S.U.,Aiola, S.,Akindinov, A.,Al-Turany, M.,Alam North-Holland Pub. Co 2019 Physics letters. Section B Vol.797 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This work presents new constraints on the existence and the binding energy of a possible Λ–Λ bound state, the H-dibaryon, derived from Λ–Λ femtoscopic measurements by the ALICE collaboration. The results are obtained from a new measurement using the femtoscopy technique in ▪ collisions at s = 13 TeV and p – Pb collisions at <SUB> s NN </SUB> = 5.02 TeV, combined with previously published results from ▪ collisions at s = 7 TeV. The Λ–Λ scattering parameter space, spanned by the inverse scattering length f 0 − 1 and the effective range <SUB> d 0 </SUB> , is constrained by comparing the measured Λ–Λ correlation function with calculations obtained within the Lednický model. The data are compatible with hypernuclei results and lattice computations, both predicting a shallow attractive interaction, and permit to test different theoretical approaches describing the Λ–Λ interaction. The region in the ( f 0 − 1 , <SUB> d 0 </SUB> ) plane which would accommodate a Λ–Λ bound state is substantially restricted compared to previous studies. The binding energy of the possible Λ–Λ bound state is estimated within an effective-range expansion approach and is found to be <SUB> B Λ Λ </SUB> = 3.2 − 2.4 + 1.6 (stat) − 1.0 + 1.8 (syst) MeV.</P>
Acharya, S.,Adamová,, D.,Aggarwal, M. M.,Rinella, G. Aglieri,Agnello, M.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmad, N.,Ahn, S. U.,Aiola, S.,Akindinov, A.,Alam, S. N.,Albuquerque, D. S. D.,Aleksandrov, D.,Al Springer 2017 European Physical Journal C Vol.77 No.5
<P>The invariant differential cross sections for inclusive [FORMULA OMISSION] and [FORMULA OMISSION] mesons at midrapidity were measured in pp collisions at [FORMULA OMISSION] TeV for transverse momenta [FORMULA OMISSION] GeV/<I>c</I> and [FORMULA OMISSION] GeV/<I>c</I>, respectively, using the ALICE detector. This large range in [FORMULA OMISSION] was achieved by combining various analysis techniques and different triggers involving the electromagnetic calorimeter (EMCal). In particular, a new single-cluster, shower-shape based method was developed for the identification of high-[FORMULA OMISSION] neutral pions, which exploits that the showers originating from their decay photons overlap in the EMCal. Above 4 GeV/[FORMULA OMISSION], the measured cross sections are found to exhibit a similar power-law behavior with an exponent of about 6.3. Next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculations differ from the measured cross sections by about 30% for the [FORMULA OMISSION], and between 30–50% for the [FORMULA OMISSION] meson, while generator-level simulations with PYTHIA 8.2 describe the data to better than 10–30%, except at [FORMULA OMISSION] GeV/[FORMULA OMISSION]. The new data can therefore be used to further improve the theoretical description of [FORMULA OMISSION] and [FORMULA OMISSION] meson production.</P>
Acharya, S.,Adamová,, D.,Aggarwal, M. M.,Aglieri Rinella, G.,Agnello, M.,Agrawal, N.,Ahammed, Z.,Ahmad, N.,Ahn, S. U.,Aiola, S.,Akindinov, A.,Alam, S. N.,Albuquerque, D. S. D.,Aleksandrov, D.,Al Springer 2017 European Physical Journal C Vol.77 No.6
<P>We present results on transverse momentum ([FORMULA OMISSION]) and rapidity ([FORMULA OMISSION]) differential production cross sections, mean transverse momentum and mean transverse momentum square of inclusive [FORMULA OMISSION] and [FORMULA OMISSION] at forward rapidity ([FORMULA OMISSION]) as well as [FORMULA OMISSION]-to-[FORMULA OMISSION] cross section ratios. These quantities are measured in pp collisions at center of mass energies [FORMULA OMISSION] and 13 TeV with the ALICE detector. Both charmonium states are reconstructed in the dimuon decay channel, using the muon spectrometer. A comprehensive comparison to inclusive charmonium cross sections measured at [FORMULA OMISSION], 7 and 8 TeV is performed. A comparison to non-relativistic quantum chromodynamics and fixed-order next-to-leading logarithm calculations, which describe prompt and non-prompt charmonium production respectively, is also presented. A good description of the data is obtained over the full [FORMULA OMISSION] range, provided that both contributions are summed. In particular, it is found that for [FORMULA OMISSION] GeV/<I>c</I> the non-prompt contribution reaches up to 50% of the total charmonium yield.</P>