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Ethnobotanical importance of the endemic taxa in the Egyptian flora
El-Khalafy Mohamed Mahmoud,Ahmed Dalia Abd El-Azeem,Shaltout Kamal Hussein,Haroun Soliman Abdelfattah,Al-Sodany Yassin Mohamed 한국생태학회 2023 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.47 No.3
Background: Endemic species are important components in the flora of most world regions. Most of these species have become threatened and exposed to extinction within the last few years. The present study aims to evaluate the ecosystem services offered by the endemic plant taxa in Egypt and the threats that affect them. Twenty-five field visits were conducted during summer 2018 to spring 2022 to several locations all over Egypt. In each location, the main habitats, national distribution, abundance, goods and threats were recorded. Results: Egypt has 41 endemic taxa belonging to 36 genera and 20 families inhabiting 10 main habitats. Rocky surfaces and sandy formations have the highest number of endemic species. The relation between the number of endemic taxa and the abundance categories indicated that 2 taxa are rare (4.9% of the total taxa), while the remaining were very rare (95%). The most represented offered good was the medicinal uses (32 taxa = 78%), while fuel plants were only represented by 2 taxa (2 taxa = 4.9%). Besides, 14 taxa (34.1% of the total studied taxa) have at least 1 environmental service. Soil fertility (7 taxa = 50%) was the most represented, followed by sand accumulations (6 taxa out of 14 taxa = 43%), while shading plant was the least (1 taxon = 7.1%) (Rosa arabica). The most represented threat is over-cutting and over-collecting (38 taxa = 92.7%), while mining and quarrying is the least represented (4 taxa = 9.8%). Conclusions: The potential and actual goods, services and threats of the endemic taxa were assessed as follows; field observation, information collected from local inhabitants and herbalists, and a literature review. The present study recommended planning a strategy about the importance, threats and conservation of endemic taxa in Egypt that would help in the protection and rescue of these plants and increase awareness about the importance of these plants.
Studying the operation of MOSFET RC-phase shift oscillator under different environmental conditions
Ibrahim Reiham O.,Abd El-Azeem S.M.,El-Ghanam S.M.,Soliman F.A.S. 한국원자력학회 2020 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.52 No.8
The present work was mainly concerned with studying the operation of RC-phase shift oscillator based on MOSFET type 2N6660 under the influence of different temperature levels ranging from room temperature (25 C) up-to135 C and gamma-irradiation up-to 3.5 kGy. In this concern, both the static (IeV) characteristic curves of MOSFET devices and the output signal of the proposed oscillator were recorded under ascending levels of both temperature and gamma-irradiation. From which, it is clearly shown that the drain current was decreased from 0.22 A, measured at 25 C, down to 0.163 A, at 135 C. On the other hand, its value was increased up-to 0.49 A, whenever the device was exposed to gamma-rays dose of 3.5 kGy. Considering RC-phase shift oscillator, the oscillation frequency and output pk-pk voltage were decreased whenever MOSFET device exposed to gamma radiation by ratio 54.9 and 91%, respectively. While, whenever MOSFET device exposed to temperature the previously mentioned parameters were shown to be decreased by ratio 2.07 and 46.2%.
Efficacy of rapeseed residue and eggshell waste on enzyme activity and soil quality in rice paddy
Lee, Sang Soo,Abd El-Azeem, Samy A.M.,Lim, Jung Eun,Rajapaksha, Anushka Upamali,Kim, Kwon-Rae,Lee, Young Han,Lee, Yong Bok,Chang, Yoon-Young,Ok, Yong Sik Taylor Francis 2013 Chemistry and ecology Vol.29 No.6
Awad, Y. M.,Kim, S. C.,Abd El-Azeem, S. A.,Kim, K. H.,Kim, K. R.,Kim, K.,Jeon, C.,Lee, S. S.,Ok, Y. S. Springer Science + Business Media 2014 Environmental earth sciences Vol.71 No.3
Antibiotics have been commonly used to prevent animal diseases and promote livestock productivity. However, its release into the surrounding environments leads to ecological disturbance and risks to human health. This study was conducted to monitor the occurrence and seasonal variations of antibiotics in water, sediment, and soil close to a swine manure composting facility, Korea. Various types of antibiotics such as tetracyclines (TCs) including tetracycline, chlortetracycline, and oxytetracycline, and sulfonamides (SAs) including sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfathiazole were measured by the high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry via a solid-phase extraction. In the results it was identified that the variations of measured antibiotics' concentrations in water, sediment, and soil are depending on the season. The observed concentration levels of TCs were higher in winter than in summer season, indicating that the low temperature is a parameter attributing to interruption of its degradation in water, sediment, and soil. The concentration levels of SAs were significantly higher than those of TCs and in general, all measured antibiotics' concentrations were also in general higher in Korea when compared to those in other countries. The long-term monitoring of antibiotics' residues in aquatic and terrestrial environments is necessary.
( S. Lee ),( A. R. A. Usman ),( S. A. M. Abd El-azeem ),( Y. M. Awad ),( M. Kim ),( K. Ham ),( J. Lim ),( J. E. Yang ),( S. S. Lee ),( Y. S. Ok ) 강원대학교 농업생명과학연구원(구 농업과학연구소) 2011 강원 농업생명환경연구 Vol.23 No.1
Contamination of the soil with Cr, Cu and As has become a worldwide environmental problem as a consequence of the use of chromated copper, arsenate (CCA) treated wood. This study was conducted (i) to determine the total concentrations of Cr, Cu and As in soil samples collected from contaminated sites, (ii) to identify native plant species grown on contaminated sites for phytoremediation, and (iii) to estimate the risk of adverse effects on human health. Wood and soil samples as well as four native plant species (Viola mandshurica, Cyndon dactylon, Setaria viridis and Acalypha australis) were collected from three contaminated sites with Cr, Cu and As in Gangwon Province, Korea. Our results found that the metal concentrations of these soil sampling sites were higher than their background levels of 45.32, 30.22 and 7.0 mg/kg for Cr, Cu and As, respectively, indicating the adverse effects on human health. None of the four plant species showed metal concentrations>1000 mg/kg in their shoots and were not served as hyperaccumulators. Nevertheless, the screened plant species might be suitable for phytoextraction or phytostabilization. We conclude that the development of environmentally friendly technology for remediating heavy metal contaminated soils is needed to ensure human safety or agricultural purposes.
Ahmed A. Abdelhafez,Yasser M. Awad,Samy A. M. Abd El-Azeem,Min-Su Kim(김민수),Kwang-Joon Ham(함광준),Kyoung-Jae Lim(임경재),Jae-E Yang(양재의),Yong-Sik Ok(옥용식) 한국토양비료학회 2010 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.43 No.1
목재방부제는 목재의 수명 연장을 위해 오랜 기간 사용되어 왔으나 이중 상당수는 환경에 유해한 금속을 다량 함유하고 있다. 특히 전세계적으로 목재방부시장을 점유하고 있는 크롬ㆍ구리ㆍ비소계열의 목재방부제 CCA (Chromated Copper Arsenate)는 환경에 유해한 독성 금속류로 구성되어 인체에 대한 피해와 환경오염에 대한 우려가 지적되고 있다. 미국의 경우 플로리다 주를 비롯하여 CCA 오염지역에 대한 복원사업을 추진하였으며 주별 CCA 오염도를 조사한 바 있다. 그러나 국내의 경우 목재방부제의 사용으로 인한 토양오염에 대한 연구는 극히 미비한 실정이므로 CCA에 대한 환경적 측면에서의 평가가 절실하다. 본 연구는 국내에서 가장 널리 사용된 목재방부제인 CCA를 선정하여 목재방부제 설치지역 토양의 깊이별 크롬ㆍ구리ㆍ비소 농도를 측정하였으며 국내에 널리 산재된 CCA 방무목 설치지역을 현장에서 효율적으로 검출할 수 있는 간이 PAN 지시약을 개발하고자 수행하였다. 토양 시료는 0~70㎝ 깊이에서 채취하였고 방부목은 목재 깊이별로 구분하여 채취한 후 산분해하였고 AAS를 이용하여 각 원소의 전함량을 측정하였다. 토양 중 비소와 구리는 0~1 ㎝에서 각각 34.38 ㎎/㎏, 33.65 ㎎/㎏ 였으나 70 ㎝에서는 1.72 ㎎/㎏, 7.84 ㎎/㎏로 토양 깊이에 따라 급격히 감소하였다. 원소별 이동성의 경우 비소가 타 원소(크롬, 구리)에 비해 상대적으로 이동성이 높은 것으로 평가되었다. 목재 시료의 경우 내부보다는 표면 (외부)의 농도가 높게 나타났으며 각 원소별로 1,000~5,000 ㎎/㎏의 수준으로 검출되었다. 현장에서 CCA 방부목을 효율적으로 판단하기 위한 지시약의 조성을 개발하고자 다양한 종류 및 농도의 용매와 PAN의 농도를 조절하며 발색 시간과 정도를 측정한 결과 100% 아세톤을 용매로 0.1% 수준의 PAN을 조제하는 경우 가장 잛은 시간에 발색하여 현장에서 방부목을 효율적으로 검출할 수 있을 것으로 평가되었다. Although several studies have reported that Cr, Cu and As can leach from CCA-treated woods, few studies have been conducted on this topic in Korea. Therefore, this study was conducted to monitor Cr, Cu and As leaching from CCA-treated wood products and to develop a rapid identification method for CCA-treated wood products by using indicators such as PAN stain. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-70 ㎝ and wood samples were collected by thickness of wood layer. The soil and wood samples were then digested and analyzed for Cr, Cu and As concentrations using an atomic absorption spectrometer. The As and Cu concentrations decreased sharply with depth from 34.38 and 33.65 ㎎ ㎏?¹ at 0-1 ㎝ to 1.72 and 7.84 ㎎ ㎏?¹ at 70 ㎝, respectively. In general, As was more mobile than Cr and Cu in the soil. For wood samples, the Cr, Cu and As concentrations were higher in the outer layer (0-0.5㎝) than the inner layers (0.6-4.5㎝). Evaluation of rapid identification methods revealed that 100% acetone with 0.1% PAN indicator was the best combination for detection of CCA-treated wood in the field.