Voltage Based Energy Efficient Mobile Charge Sensor Design Using LVCMOS

Arpit Gupta,Aarushi Sapra 보안공학연구지원센터 2016 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.10 No.2

In this paper an approach is made to design the voltage based energy efficient mobile charge sensor design and for that reason we have used LVCMOS IO standards. Power dissipation is the major factor that has been analyzed and focused .Voltage sensor is operating at different frequencies and at fix temperature that is 25 degree Celsius. Frequencies of different mobile phones have been evaluated. Frequencies taken in consideration are 1400MHz for Nokia Lumia710, 1.2 GHz for Samsung Galaxy core, 2100 MHz for iphone6, 1700 MHz for HTC/T, 1800 MHz for micromax X091 and 2.2GHz for Song Xperia Z1. This research work, is basically done to check the charging status of a mobile phone. The coding is done in Verilog on 28nm FPGA that is Kintex-7. Kintex7 is 28-nm FPGA on which we implement our circuit to re-assure power reduction and reduction in junction temperature in sequential circuit.There is 4-19% reduction in power dissipation with LVCMOS33, 3-15% reduction in power dissipation with LVCMOS25, 2-13% reduction in power dissipation with LVCMOS18, 2-12% reduction in power dissipation with LVCMOS15, 1-5% reduction in power dissipation with BLVDS25 at 25 degree Celsius when we use 28nm FPGA. The performance of our sensor is evaluated and tested through simulations on Xilinx software development kit. . The quality of our sensor can be improved by changing IO standards.

X-ray diffraction and raman spectroscopy studies on calcium modified PZT (Pb(1-x)CaxZr0.52Ti0.48O3) ceramics prepared via solid state reaction method and sol-gel technique- a comparative study

Anupama Sachdeva,Aarushi,Jagneet Kaur Anand,R.P. Tandon 한양대학교 청정에너지연구소 2022 Journal of Ceramic Processing Research Vol.23 No.6

Pb(1-x)CaxZr0.52Ti0.48O3 bulk ceramic compositions where x=0-0.1 in steps of 0.02 are prepared by solid state reaction methodand sol-gel technique. A comparative study on the samples is conducted using XRD and Raman Spectroscopy in order to seethe effect of processing conditions. XRD peaks are indexed as per monoclinic phase. In both the series of samples, volumeshrinkage of the unit cell is observed in calcium modified samples when compared with unmodified samples. It is interestingto note that the samples derived from solid state reaction exhibit pseudo tetragonal structure while sol-gel derived samplesshow pseudo rhombohedral structure of their monoclinic unit cell. Similar inference has been made via Raman spectroscopystudies on the studied ceramic compositions prepared via two methods. Raman spectroscopy also reveals the possibility thatcalcium substitutes for lead.

Energy Efficient Traffic Light Controller Design on 28nm FGPA

Arpit Gupta,Aarushi Sapra,Alisha Nagpal,Sanchit Sharma 보안공학연구지원센터 2015 International Journal of Smart Home Vol.9 No.10

In this work, our focus is on study and analysis of power and junction temperature at different temperatures and at different capacitance values. Kintex7 is 28-nm FPGA on which we implement our circuit to re-assure power reduction and reduction in junction temperature in sequential circuit. Varying the values of capacitance and temperature enhance the efficiency of the Energy Efficient Traffic Light Controller design. This paper basically deals with FSM (Finite State Machine) and is implemented on FPGA. FGPA is preferred because of its high speed and is inexpensive. Traffic lights are beneficial in managing the traffic, reducing accidents rate, relaxing traffic cop’s job, minimizing fuel consumption and emission and save time. The performance of our energy efficient traffic lights is evaluated and tested through simulations on Xilinx software development kit. For 2.4GHz operating frequency, there is 47.71% reduction in total power dissipation, 69.94% reduction in IOs power dissipation, and 0.78% reduction in junction temperature when we use 28nm FPGA and temperature is 25 degree Celsius and capacitance is scaled down from 100pF to 20pF. For 10GHz operating frequency, there is 54.81% reduction in total power dissipation, 70.11% reduction in IOs power dissipation, 3.52% reduction in leakage power dissipation and 1.92% reduction in junction temperature when we use 28nm FPGA and temperature is 50 degree Celsius and capacitance is scaled down from 100pF to 20pF.

Antibacterial and Pharmacological Evaluation of Fluoroquinolones: A Chemoinformatics Approach

Damini Sood,Neeraj Kumar,Aarushi Singh,Meena Kishore Sakharkar,Vartika Tomar,Ramesh Chandra 한국유전체학회 2018 Genomics & informatics Vol.16 No.3

Fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics are an important class of synthetic antibacterial agents. These are the most extensively used drugs for treating bacterial infections in the field of both human and veterinary medicine. Herein, the antibacterial and pharmacological properties of four fluoroquinolones: lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin have been studied. The objective of this study was to analyze the antibacterial characteristics of the different fluoroquinolones. Also, the pharmacological properties of the compounds including the Lipinski rule of five, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, LD50, drug likeliness, and toxicity were evaluated. We found that among all four FQ molecules, ofloxacin showed the highest antibacterial activity through in silico assays with a strong interaction (‒38.52 kJ/mol) with the antibacterial target protein (topoisomerase-II DNA gyrase enzyme). The pharmacological and pharmacokinetic analysis also showed that the compounds ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, lomefloxacin and norfloxacin have good pharmacological properties. Notably, ofloxacin was found to possess an IGC50 (concentration needed to inhibit 50% growth) value of 0.286 μg/L against the Tetrahymena pyriformis protozoa. It also tested negative for the Ames toxicity test, showing its non-carcinogenic character.

Anesthetic efficacy of primary and supplemental buccal/lingual infiltration in patients with irreversible pulpitis in human mandibular molars: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Gupta, Alpa,Sahai, Aarushi,Aggarwal, Vivek,Mehta, Namrata,Abraham, Dax,Jala, Sucheta,Singh, Arundeep The Korean Dental Society of Anesthsiology 2021 Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine Vol.21 No.4

Achieving profound anesthesia in mandibular molars with irreversible pulpitis is a tedious task. This review aimed at evaluating the success of buccal/lingual infiltrations administered with a primary inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) injection or as a supplemental injection after the failure of the primary injection in symptomatic and asymptomatic patients with irreversible pulpitis in human mandibular molars. The review question was "What will be the success of primary and supplemental infiltration injection in the endodontic treatment of patients with irreversible pulpitis in human mandibular molars?" We searched electronic databases, including Pubmed, Scopus, and Ebsco host and we did a comprehensive manual search. The review protocol was framed according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) checklist. We included clinical studies that evaluated and compared the anesthetic outcomes of primary IANB with primary and/or supplementary infiltration injections. Standard evaluation of the included studies was performed and suitable data and inferences were assessed. Twenty-six studies were included, of which 13 were selected for the meta-analysis. In the forest plot representation of the studies evaluating infiltrations, the combined risk ratio (RR) was 1.88 (95% CI: 1.49, 2.37), in favor of the secondary infiltrations with a statistical heterogeneity of 77%. The forest plot analysis for studies comparing primary IANB + infiltration versus primary IANB alone showed a low heterogeneity (0%). The included studies had similar RRs and the combined RR was 1.84 (95% CI: 1.44, 2.34). These findings suggest that supplemental infiltrations given along with a primary IANB provide a better success rate. L'Abbe plots were generated to measure the statistical heterogeneity among the studies. Trial sequential analysis suggested that the number of patients included in the analysis was adequate. Based on the qualitative and quantitative analyses, we concluded that the infiltration technique, either as a primary injection or as a supplementary injection, given after the failure of primary IANB, increases the overall anesthetic efficacy.

Sagittal Balance, Pulmonary Function, and Spinopelvic Parameters in Severe Post-Tubercular Thoracic Kyphosis

Shahi Pratyush,Chadha Manish,Sehgal Apoorv,Sudan Aarushi,Meena Umesh,Bansal Kuldeep,Batheja Dheeraj 대한척추외과학회 2022 Asian Spine Journal Vol.16 No.3

Study Design: Cross-sectional study.Purpose: To evaluate sagittal balance, pulmonary function, and spinopelvic parameters in patients with healed spinal tuberculosis with severe thoracic kyphosis.Overview of Literature: Deterioration of neurological function is an absolute indication of surgical intervention in severe post-tubercular kyphosis, but the relationship of compromise in lung function and spinal alignment with severity of kyphosis is still unclear.Methods: Twenty patients (age, 14–60 years) with healed spinal tuberculosis with thoracic kyphosis >50° were included. Lateral-view radiography of the whole spine, including both hips, was performed for assessment of kyphotic angle (K angle), sagittal balance, lumbar lordosis, and spinopelvic parameters. Pulmonary function was assessed by measuring the forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and their ratio (FEV1/FVC) by spirometry.Results: A positive correlation between severity of kyphosis and sagittal imbalance was noted, with compensatory mechanisms maintaining the sagittal balance in only up to 80° of dorsal kyphosis. In >80° of kyphosis, FVC was found to be markedly decreased (mean FVC=50.6%). The mean K angle was lower in subjects with lower thoracic kyphosis. In lower thoracic kyphosis, due to short lordotic and long kyphotic curves, both lumbar lordosis and pelvic retroversion worked at compensation, whereas, in middle thoracic kyphosis, due to long lordotic curve, only lumbar lordosis was required. Normal pulmonary function (mean FVC, 83.0%) and lesser kyphotic deformity (mean K angle in adolescents, 69.8°; in adults, 94.4°) were found in adolescents.Conclusions: In >80° of thoracic kyphosis, there is sagittal imbalance and a markedly affected pulmonary function. Such patients should be offered corrective surgery if they are symptomatic and medically fit to undergo the procedure. However, whether the surgical procedure would result in improved pulmonary function and sagittal balance needs to be evaluated by a follow-up study.

Antibacterial and Pharmacological Evaluation of Fluoroquinolones: A Chemoinformatics Approach

Sood, Damini,Kumar, Neeraj,Singh, Aarushi,Sakharkar, Meena Kishore,Tomar, Vartika,Chandra, Ramesh Korea Genome Organization 2018 Genomics & informatics Vol.16 No.3

Fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotics are an important class of synthetic antibacterial agents. These are the most extensively used drugs for treating bacterial infections in the field of both human and veterinary medicine. Herein, the antibacterial and pharmacological properties of four fluoroquinolones: lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxacin, and ofloxacin have been studied. The objective of this study was to analyze the antibacterial characteristics of the different fluoroquinolones. Also, the pharmacological properties of the compounds including the Lipinski rule of five, absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion, LD50, drug likeliness, and toxicity were evaluated. We found that among all four FQ molecules, ofloxacin showed the highest antibacterial activity through in silico assays with a strong interaction (-38.52 kJ/mol) with the antibacterial target protein (topoisomerase-II DNA gyrase enzyme). The pharmacological and pharmacokinetic analysis also showed that the compounds ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, lomefloxacin and norfloxacin have good pharmacological properties. Notably, ofloxacin was found to possess an IGC50 (concentration needed to inhibit 50% growth) value of $0.286{\mu}g/L$ against the Tetrahymena pyriformis protozoa. It also tested negative for the Ames toxicity test, showing its non-carcinogenic character.