체언서술어 ‘夫妻一場’에 대한 다각도 분석

성기은(Sung, Ki-Eun) 중국문화연구학회 2016 중국문화연구 Vol.0 No.32

The primary goal of this paper is to reveal that the syntactic structure of ‘Fuqi yichang(夫妻一场)’ is not [noun + noun phrase] but [verb + verb classifier phrase]. First, in syntactic terms, ‘Fuqi yichang’ and co-occurrence with modal particle ‘le(了)’ indicate that the ‘Fuqi’ has the semantic features of [+change], ‘Fuqi’, co-occurrence with aspect particle ‘le(了)’ and ‘guo(過)’ proves that the ‘Fuqi is a verb. Based on this, verb ‘Fuqi’ which is combined with ‘yichang’ becomes ‘verb classifier phras’. ‘yi’ of ‘yichang’ refers to recognizing the various actions as a whole which has occurred in the course of staying together with as ‘Fuqi’, and ‘chang’ represents that act of ‘Fuqi’ has occurred through the whole process from beginning to end. According to this, ‘Fuqi yichang’ means that pair of strange men and women get to know each other, become husband and wife, and spend a long period of time with sharing both in joy and in sorrow, premising marital duty. This paper discovered a few features of ‘Fuqi yichang’ as a nominal predicate. ‘Fuqi yichang’ implies a wealth of information in a concise format, and features stably expressing lively sense is similar to idioms. This feature is related to that of nominals, not the predicate to describe the fact as facts. ‘Fuqi yichang’ which acts similarly to the idioms in terms of pragmatic affects the discourse structure by acting as common knowledge between the listener and speaker. This paper reveals that ‘Fuqi yichang’ forms the discourse structure of causality by analyzing ‘Fuqi yichang’ which represents the marital duty as an cause, and following demands and judgment as a result. In order to achieve this causality better, adverbs such as ‘bijing(畢竟), haodai(好歹), and daodi(到底)’ verbs such as ‘nian(念)⋅nianji(念及)’, and ‘(kan(看)/nian(念))zai(在) ~ de feng shang(的份上)/qingfen shang(情分上)/yuanfen shang(緣分上)’ etc. are co-occured, and the frequency of co-occurrence is quite high. This paper analyzes a causal relationship which ‘Fuqi yichang’ forms as ‘coherence’, and syntactic component co-occured with this as ‘cohesion’.

논문(論文) : 동작단위사의 동사 분류기능 소고

성기은 ( Ki Eun Sung ) 중국어문연구회 2014 中國語文論叢 Vol.0 No.61

動詞單位詞是否具有分類功能是本文的關注點。漢語屬于分類詞語言,分類詞語言就應當有分類功能,而目前對分類方式和分類對象的具體硏究倂不多,尤其是動詞的分類。因此本文通過考察動詞和動詞單位詞(卽,動量詞、動詞分類詞)的組合條件,發現了以動作的實現方式作爲動詞分類的標準會比較有效,據此可以將動詞分爲若幹個範疇;在確認了動詞單位詞有分類功能的基礎上,我們可以將其稱之爲動詞分類詞。但是由于考察對象有限,本文的硏究結果只能保守的接受。

위진남북조 시기 전용동량사 ‘番·通·遍’과 ‘過’의 비교 - 현대중국어 동량사의 情態 표현 기원과 관련하여

成耆恩(Sung, Ki-eun) 중국어문학연구회 2021 중국어문학논집 Vol.- No.129

The modern Chinese verbal quantifiers ‘Fan·Tong·Bian’ have a unique function of expressing detailed situation. In order to find the origin of this function, this study goes back to the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties Period, the period in which verbal quantifiers occurs and develops. This paper figure out what the difference is. This work is carried out through comparison with general classifier ‘Guo’, used at the time. In ‘Fan·Tong·Bian’, the typically combined verbs are different, and there are also differences in the combined numeral. The difference was attributed to the persistence of the meaning of the verb, which is the content word, before these quatifiers were grammaticalized. Although there are differences in specific content, these properties are basically consistent with the modern Chinese ‘Fan·Tong·Bian’ and were named "Youse" properties. The distinction between "Youse" and "Wuse" has existed since the beginning of the period, and this difference is different from the "Guo", which functions only as a measure word, while the "Youse" verbal quantifier provides information on the realization method and state of act. In modern Chinese, "Fan" and "Tong" form the fixed form of "YiFan" and "YiTong" and the meaning of "a bout" or "on a large scale" based on the property of detailed situation of "accumulation". Depending on the context, "YiFan" indicates an active meaning and "YiTong" indicates a passive meaning, giving the speaker"s subjectivity. It is also the goal of this paper to elucidate the origin of this unique function. As a result of the review, it was confirmed that the above-mentioned functions did not exist during the Wei Jin Southern and Northern Dynasties Period, the early stage of the occurrence of verbal quantifiers. From this, it was inferred that the function of expressing the subjectivity of verbal quantifiers was acquired in the process of long-term operation and development of verbal quantifiers.

중한 동작분류사의 주관성 비교 연구

成耆恩(Sung, Ki-eun) 중국어문학연구회 2017 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.102

This paper compared and analyzed subjectivity expressive function of verbal classifier, ‘Fan"lei and ‘Batang’lei Those are generally viewed as measure words, unique appearance form as [yi(一)+‘Fan’lei ] and major appearance form as [han(한)+ ‘Batang’lei] represent the perspective of narrator on event. Those two forms all represent subjective large quantity. But ‘Fan’lei can also represent the way how actions are realized, and express either positive or negative assessment about those actions. The reason only ‘Fan’lei can has this kind of characteristic is because ‘Fan’lei is diverged from verb which has advantage over description of event and expression of perspective. This characteristic of ‘Fan’lei is too rare to find similar one in ‘Batang’lei of Korean, and can be viewed as particularity of Chinese verbal classifier.

북한의 유형별 대남도발 원인에 대한 실증적 분석, 1955-2012

성기은(Sung, Ki-eun),황원준(Hwang, Won-june),신건(Shin, Geon) 한국전략문제연구소 2021 전략연구 Vol.28 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 북한의 유형별 대남도발에 영향을 주는 북한 외부의 요인과 내부의 요인을 실증적으로 분석하는 것이다. 북한의 대남도발에 대한 기존의 연구들에는 한계가 존재한다. 먼저 실증적 분석을 위한 조작적 정의에 한계가 있으며, 사례 중심의 질적 접근방법으로 인해 주장을 일반화하는 데 한계가 있다. 기존 연구에 나타난 제한점을 보완하기 위해 본 연구에서는 분쟁 연구에서 많이 활용되는 국가 간 군사화 된 분쟁(Militarized Interstate Dispute) 데이터에서 활용하는 분쟁의 조작적 정의를 적용하여 북한의 대남도발 사례를 분석했다. 1955년부터 2012년까지 발생한 월별 북한 대남도발을 ‘위협,’ ‘군사력 현시,’ ‘군사력 사용’ 으로 구분하여 로지스틱 회기분석(logistic regression)을 실시했다. 분석 결과를 통해 북한의 대남도발은 북한 내부의 요인보다는 외부의 요인에 의해 결정된다는 사실을 확인했다. 특히 남한과 미국 집권여당의 정치적 이념이 중요한 변수임이 확인되었다. 그러나 북한 내부 변수 중에도 북한의 권력 이양은 군사력을 활용한 대남도발의 가능성을 현저히 낮추는 것으로 나타났다. 흥미로운 결과 중 하나는 북한의 대남도발은 계절적 요인에 강하게 영향을 받는다는 사실이다. 다른 모든 변수가 통제된 가운데, 월별 대남도발의 가능성이 6월 말과 7월 초에 가장 높다는 사실을 발견했다. 본 연구는 대남도발에 대한 가장 포괄적인 실증적 연구라는데 큰 의의가 있으며, 정책적 차원에서 북한의 대남도발에 대한 대비를 강화해야 하는 상황과 시기를 제시했다는 차원에서 큰 함의를 갖는다. This study empirically analyzes internal and external factors influencing each type of the North Korean provocations. Existing studies on the North Korean provocations have several limitations originated from a weak operationalization for key concepts and focusing on an individual case based on qualitative approach. For improving an understanding about the North Korean provocation, this study applied a concrete concept developed by the Militarized Interstate Dispute(MID) dataset for key concepts. Monthly North Korean provocations from 1955 to 2012 were categorized into ‘threat,’ ‘display of force,’ and ‘use of force’ for empirical analysis. Our logistic regression test results showed that external factors rather than internal factors strongly determine the provability of the North Korean provocations. However, ‘leadership turnover’ variable, as an internal factor, significantly decreases a chance of use of force type provocation. One of interesting findings in our empirical test results is that the probability of the North Korean provocations clearly follows a seasonal distribution. Under control of key independent variables, we found that the probability of provocations is heightened at the end of June and at the early of July. In this work, we conducted the most comprehensive empirical test against data about the North Korean provocations. As a policy implication, this work suggests a temporal periods in which the South Korean government should strengthen a defense readiness against the North Korean provocations.

중국의 무관파견현황 분석을 통해 본 미-중관계 평가

성기은 ( Ki-eun Sung ) 한일군사문화학회 2016 한일군사문화연구 Vol.21 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 중국의 무관(Military Attache) 파견에 대한 양적 분석을 통하여, 중국의 대미 군사정책을 평가하는데 있다. 중국의 국력성장과 냉전의 종식은 미국과 중국의 관계가 어떻게 성립될 것인가에 대한 많은 호기심을 자극했다. 경쟁적 관계를 예측하는 현실주의적 입장과 우호적인 관계를 예측하는 자유주의적 입장 모두 강력한 이론적 틀을 기반으로 현실성이 있는 주장을 내놓고 있다는 점에서 미-중관계에 대한 이론적 논쟁에 초점을 맞추기 보다는 실증적 자료를 활용한 양적 연구를 통해 예측하는 것이 바람직할 것이다. ‘중국이 미국에 대해 경쟁적인 국가목표를 설정하고 있다면, 미국에 대항하는 국가와 미국 동맹국 및 미군 주둔국에 상대적으로 높은 계급의 무관을 파견할 것이다’라는 가설을 설정했다. 중국에서 파견한 무관에 관한 자료는 김순수(2013)의 자료를 활용했다. 2012년 기준 중국에서 파견한 무관의 계급 자료를 실증적으로 분석해 보았을 때, 중국의 국가목표는 미국과 우호적이기 보다는 경쟁적이라는 증거를 얻었다. 국가의 정치체제와 중국에서 파견하는 무관 계급의 상관관계가 비록 선형성을 갖지는 않지만, 중국은 미국의 국익과 배치되는 경향이 있는 비민주주의 국가에 상대적으로 높은 계급의 무관을 파견하는 것으로 나타났다. 비민주주의 국가에 상대적으로 높은 계급의 무관을 파견하고 있다는 것은 중국의 의도가 현상유지(Status Quo)라기 보다는 현상타파(Revisionism)에 가깝다는 함의를 갖고 있다. This work evaluates a current China`s foreign policy through analysing a dataset incorporating information on Military Attache dispatched by China. Lots of scholars have a great interest in U.S.-Sino relation with rising Chinese national capabilities. Though predictions are contesting, the both realists` and liberalists` arguments are generated by a solid theoretical ground. Thus, it is necessary to quantitatively study with empirical estimations for evaluating the current U.S.-Sino relation. In this work, I hypothesized that China sends a higher ranked military officer to a country which has a national interest against U.S. For testing this hypothesis, I have used Kim’s China`s Military Attache dataset (2013). Test results are supportive to my prediction that China dispatches the higher ranked officers to autocratic countries which are likely to have a divergent national interest from U.S. interest. Though the estimated relationship between rank of military attache and regime type is non-linear, it is evident that China is a revisionist power rather than status-quo power.

‘進一次城’ 중 동량구 ‘一次’의 성분 검토

成耆恩(Sung Ki-eun) 중국어문학연구회 2012 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.74

현대중국어 전용동량사 ‘番’의 주관성 분석

成耆恩(Sung, Ki-eun),金鉉哲(Kim, Hyun-cheol) 중국어문학연구회 2014 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.86

중한 접미사 ‘-頭’와 ‘-머리’의 대조적 문법의미 비교

成耆恩(Sung, Ki-eun) 중국어문학연구회 2018 중국어문학논집 Vol.0 No.109

The Chinese suffix `-tou` and the Korean suffix `-məli` are both the result of grammaticalization of HEAD. But the grammatical meaning is in contrast. The former expresses positive meaning that `it is worth doing`, and the latter shows a passive meaning of `add the derogatory meaning`. In this paper, we try to identify the causes of such phenomena through grammaticalization and categorical metaphors. According to the categorical metaphor, the abstraction of thought is mapped in order of object〉 space〉 time〉 quality. In this paper, suffixes are regarded as belonging to the quality category. Both `-tou` and `-məri` transition from object category to space category, from space category to quality category. The grammatical meaning of `-tou` is the result of recognizing the body as a vertical structure and valuing it by actively interpreting the upper part of the HEAD position. On the other hand, the grammatical meaning of `-məli` is the result of recognizing the body as a whole large vs partial structure and assigning passive values to the head corresponding to the part. (Both `-tou` and `-məli` transfer Time category to the quality category) This categorical metaphor realized through abstraction shows the function of the mind. The common point between `-tou` and `-məri` in the categorical metaphor is that the mind functions based on objective reality and shows regularity. And the contrastive grammatical meaning of `-tou` and `-məli` show that they are based on regularity, but voluntariness of the mind acts on process of abstraction.

중국어 情態 표현 동량구의 통시적 고찰

成耆恩(Sung, Ki-eun) 중국어문학연구회 2023 중국어문학논집 Vol.- No.140