하수처리를 위한 MASA 시스템의 동역학적 해석

김연은 ( Yun-eun Kim ),조용현 ( Yong-hyun Cho ) 한국환경기술학회 2015 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.16 No.4

최근 도시와 산업의 급속한 발달, 인구의 증가와 생활수준의 향상 등으로 인하여 하폐수 발생량이 증가됨에 따라 수질 오염이 가속화되고 있으며, 폐수 중의 난분해성 유기물질 성분이 차지하는 비율이 증가하고 있다. 특히 질소, 인 제거가 큰 과제로 대두되며 문제점을 개선하는 것이 중요한 과제로 남아있다. 따라서 본 연구는 고도 단계 유입 혐기호기공법(ASA: Advanced Step Aeration)에 MAB (Membrane Attached Biofilm)를 적용한 MASA (Modified ASA system)시스템을 이용하여 유기물질과 질소의 동역학적 해석 및 슬러지 발생량 평가를 하였다. MASA 시스템의 동역학적 계수를 산정한 결과 최저 수온인 14.1℃를 기준에서 호기조-1과 호기조-2의 값이 1.56, 0.66 mgN/gMLVSS·hr, 무산소조의 값이 1.09 mgN/gMLVSS·hr로 나타나 기존 ASA 시스템의 호기조의 값이 0.98 mgN/gMLVSS·hr에 비해 질산화 효율이 37.17%로 증가되어 질산화가 효과적으로 일어남을 알 수 있었다. 질소에 대한 물질수지 이론식을 이용하여 반응계수들을 산출하였고 이를 이용하여 반응조 설계가 가능하도록 하였다. As waste water amounts increase due to the recent rapid development in the city and industry, population increase, and improvement of living standards, water pollution is being accelerated and the percentage of non-degradable organic material components in wastewater is also increasing. Especially removal of nitrogen and phosphorus is on the rise as a big assignment and therefore, improvement of this problem remains to be an important issue. Therefore, in this study, a pilot - plant experiment was conducted to improve the nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal efficiency by using MASA (Modified ASA system) system where MAB (Membrane Attached Biofilm) is applied to ASA: Advanced Step Aeration. And evaluation of dynamic interpretation about organic materials and nitrogen generation amount was conducted. Calculated results of dynamic coefficients in MASA system showed 1.56 mgN/gMLVSS·hr of KN in aerobic-1 reactor, 0.66 mgN/gMLVSS·hr of KN in aerobic-2 reactor, 1.09 mgN/gMLVSS·hr of KDN in anoxic reactor respectively. Regarding nitrification efficiency in NASA system at the lowest temperature of 14.1℃, KN value in ASA system was 0.98 mgN/gMLVSS·hr and KN value in MASA system was 1.56 mgN/gMLVSS·hr, which showed nitrification efficiency increased by 37.17%. Reaction coefficients were drawn using material balance theoretical equation about the nitrogen could be practically applied in the design.

MLSS 변화에 따른 MASA 시스템의 특성 연구

김연은 ( Yun-eun Kim ),조용현 ( Yong-hyun Cho ),안성환 ( Seong-hwan An ) 한국환경기술학회 2014 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.15 No.2

하수처리에 있어서 질소 제거는 수처리 환경 보전에 중요한 부분을 차지한다. 본 연구의 목적은 단계유입혐기호기공법에 MAB를 적용한 MASA 시스템에서 MLSS 변화에 따른 수질 항목 처리특성을 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 실험 결과, MLSS 농도변화에 따른 Mode A, B, C조건에서 SS, BOD, COD의 최대 제거효율은 각각 98.94%, 96.59 %, 99.03 %로 나타났으며 MLSS가 높아질수록 유기물 제거효율이 증가되는 것으로 판단된다. 활성슬러지의 농도 증감에 따라서 NH₄⁺-N가 최대 98.88 % 제거되었으며 생물학적 산화반응을 촉진 및 저해하기 때문에 MLSS 농도변화가 NH₄⁺-N의 제거율에 영향을 미치는 것으로 판단된다. Mode별 T-N 평균 제거효율은 85.37∼93.58 %로 나타나 NH₄⁺-N와 유사한 경향을 보였다. T-P 제거는 MLSS 농도가 2,000 mg/L에서 최대 제거율이 93.29 %로 나타났으며 T-N과 유사하게 MLSS 농도변화에 반응적으로 나타난 것으로 판단된다. The aim of this research is to evaluate characteristics of water quality parameters efficiency according to change of MLSS by MASA system(Modified ASA system) applying MAB procedure to aerobic reactor and reaerobic reactor of Advanced Step Aeration system. Removal efficiencies of SS, BOD, COD up to 98.94 %, 96.59 %, 99.03 % in conditions Mode A, B, of C following variation of the MLSS concentration, respectively. It is determined that the organic removal efficiency is being improved as the MLSS increases. NH₄⁺-N is removed 98.88 % in response to an increase or a decrease in the concentration of activated sludge. It is determined to inhibit and promote biological oxidation, MLSS concentration changes affect the removal rate of the NH₄⁺-N. Average TN removal of mode A,B,C efficiency was 85.37∼93.58 %, that showed the same tendency with NH₄⁺-N. Mode C (MLSS 2,000 mg/L) showed 93.29 % of T-P average treatment efficiency. As with TN, it is determined that shown in reaction to changes in MLSS concentration.

ASA공법에서 MAB(Membrane Attached Biofilm)의 적용성 평가

김연은 ( Yun-eun Kim ),조용현 ( Yong-hyun Cho ),안성환 ( Seong-hwan An ) 한국환경기술학회 2014 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.15 No.1

본 연구는 고도 단계 유입 혐기호기공법(ASA: Advanced Step Aeration)에 MAB(Membrane Attached Biofilm)를 적용한 MASA(Modified ASA system)시스템을 이용하여 질산화, 탈질 및 인제거 효율을 개선시키고자 하였다. Pilot-scale의 실험 장치를 통해 MAB의 침적위치에 따른 Mode 1(호기조), Mode 2(재호기조), Mode 3(호기조와 재호기조)의 조건으로 운전되었으며 그에 따른 최적위치 선정과 유출수의 수질항목별 처리특성을 파악하였다. 실험 결과, 호기조와 재호기조에 MAB를 적용한 Mode 3의 경우가 최적 운전 조건이었으며 수질항목별 처리특성은 평균제거율이 SS 98.00 %, BOD 95.64 %, COD_Cr 98.14 %, NH₄⁺-N 98.38 %, T-N 87.80 %, T-P 92.00 %으로 나타났다. T-N의 경우 14.30 %, NH₄⁺-N 15.88 %까지 평균제거율이 상승함으로 효율적인 처리가 이루어졌다. In this study, a pilot - plant experiment was conducted to improve the nitrification, denitrification and phosphorus removal efficiency by using MASA (Modified ASA system) system where MAB (Membrane Attached Biofilm) is applied to ASA: Advanced Step Aeration. And the best deposition location of MAB was selected and treatment characteristics according to water quality categories were identified with Mode 1, Mode 2, Mode 3 by depositing MAB (Membrane Attached Biofilm) in the aerobic reactor, reaerobic reactor and simultaneously in the aerobic reactor, reaerobic reactor. Experiment results showed that Mode 3 was the best operating condition where MAB was applied in aerobic reactor and reaerobic reactor and treatment characteristics according to water quality categories had the average removal rates of SS 98.0 %, BOD 95.64 %, COD_Cr 98.14 %, NH₄⁺-N 98.38 %, T-N 87.8 %, and T-P 92.00 %. In case of T-N, efficiency of biological nitrogen removal could be identified to be reduced because efficient treatments were made, as the average removal rates increased up to 14.3 %, NH₄⁺-N 15.88 %.

개인하수처리시설 성능검사의 효율적 개선방안 연구

조용현 ( Yong-hyun Cho ),김연은 ( Yun-eun Kim ),김희영 ( Hee-young Kim ) 한국수처리학회 2017 한국수처리학회지 Vol.25 No.3

In the sewage treatment system, it is provided that the sewage within the sewage treatment zone around the major city should be treated in the public sewage treatment system through the sewage pipe line or outside of sewage treatment zone, the sewage and the excrements should be treated by installing the individual sewage treatment facilities or the septic tank at the origin. Since the individual sewage treatment facilities works as the domestic non-point pollution source, the management and improvement measure of individual sewage treatment system is required. However, in case of individual sewage treatment facilities, as its importance is underestimated compared with the public sewage treatment facilities, its operation and management are not made systematically. In this study, the problems and the improvement direction of the individual sewage management were studied through the investigation of institutional part of the individual sewage treatment facilities. In the results of research, it was shown that the public sewage treatment facilities or performance test laboratory(testbed) should be prepared by introducing the performance test system according to the changes in the constant temperature and the load. And performing the performance test in the performance test laboratory having temperature control device should be examined. In addition, to prevent the arbitrary manipulation (adjustment of inflow, adjustment of concentration, injection of chemicals, modification of facilities, etc) of the subject sewage treatment facilities, the measure that the performance test applicant should install the test facilities at independent performance test facilities and then, the performance test should be conducted by restricting the access of related personnel should be examined.

인천지역 인공조명에 의한 빛공해 실태 조사

조용현 ( Yong-hyun Cho ),김연은 ( Yun-eun Kin ),김희영 ( Hee-young Kim ) 한국환경기술학회 2018 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.19 No.3

본 연구는 인천광역시 조명기구의 설치 및 관리 환경 현황과 인공조명의 빛공해 실태 분석을 통해 향후 인천시 빛공해 방지와 조명환경 개선을 위한 도움이 되고자 실시하였다. 인천시 빛공해 발생 실태 조사를 위해 빛공해 발생 예상 300 지점을 선정하여 조명환경관리구역별 빛방사 특성을 확인하였다. 총 40 개 지점의 공간조명은 관리구역 1~3종 26 개 지점에서 92.31 %의 허용 기준초과율을 보였으며, 4종 14 개 지점에서 초과율은 35.7 %로 낮게 나타났으나 상가와 인접한 주거지라는 이유에 의해 높은 기준치가 적용된 것으로 향후 빛공해 민원 발생이 예상된다. 광고조명은 총 241 개 지점에서 측정하였으며, 정지된 형태의 광고물만을 대상으로 하였다. 최대 휘도 측정분석 결과 3종 구역 32.9 %, 4종 구역 58.5 %가 허용 기준치를 초과하였다. 장식조명의 최대 휘도 값은 3종 구역 54.13~40,400 cd/m², 4종 구역 285.61~96,874 cd/m²로 나타났다. 각 구역의 최대값을 나타낸 광원의 종류는 백색형광 램프와 나트륨 램프였다. 장식조명에 사용된 램프는 광원의 종류에 관계없이 높은 값을 나타내어 대부분의 지점에서 빛공해 피해 발생이 예상되었다. 인천시는 야간 생활에 꼭 필요한 조명의 올바른 사용을 위해 세분화된 빛공해 허용기준의 마련과 지역특성에 맞는 조명환경관리구역 지정에 의한 조명 관리의 기준이 확립 되어야 할 것이다. This study conducted research with the intention of making a contribution to the future light pollution prevention and lighting condition enhancement in Inchoen area, through analyzing the lightening equipment installation/management condition and the light pollution of the artificial light. In order to research on the actual condition of light pollution occurred in Incheon, the study have selected 300 possible light pollution outbreak locations, and checked the light emission characteristics by each lighting environment management region. Out of 40 spatial lightening management locations, group 1~3 have exceeded the permissible standard by 92.31 %, and group 4 have exceeded the permissible standard by 35.7 %. Although the excess rate for group 4 displays lower number, civil complains are expected in the future since high standard value had been applied due to the fact that it is a residential area adjacent to the commercial area. Advertising lighting was measured in 241 locations, as a result of maximum luminance measurement analysis, group 3 have exceeded the permissible standard by 32.9 %, and group 4 by 58.4 %. Maximum brightness value of decorative lighting showed the 54.13~40,400 cd/m² for group 3, and 285.61~96,874 cd/m² for group 4. The source of light which displayed each group’s maximum value were white fluorescent lamp and sodium lamp. Regardless of the light source type, light pollution damage is expected in most of the location due to the high value. City of Incheon should establish the standard of lighting management by designating the lighting environment management zone according to the local characteristics, and also by setting up the detailed light pollution allowance standard for the correct use of lighting suitable for night life in Incheon.

고속침전여과에 의한 해저터널폐수 처리연구

강용태 ( Yong Tae Kang ),김연은 ( Yun Eun Kim ),손정호 ( Jeong Ho Sohn ),배종환 ( Jong Hwan Bae ),김희영 ( Hee Young Kim ),김남경 ( Nam Kyoung Kim ),송근관 ( Kune Kwan Song ),한상윤 ( Sang Yun Han ),황순주 ( Sun Ju Hwang ) 한국수처리학회 2011 한국수처리학회지 Vol.19 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate the characteristics of undersea tunnel construction wastewater and treatment using Highrate Clarifier filtration (HCF). The raw water characteristics of pH, turbidity, salinity, T-N and COD(Mn) were 10.2, 597 NTU, 15 ‰, 13.03 mg/L and 16.25 mg/L, respectively. The linear velocity (LV) of HCF were 300 and 500 m/day. As a result, the efficiency of turbidity and heavy metals removal at linear velocity of 300 m/day were higher than that at LV 500 m/day. For Fe and Mn reduction, the efficiency of HCF were in the range of 14~25% more efficient than that of HF.

h형 액막화 공기 공급장치를 이용한 산소의 물질전달 특성 연구

조용현 ( Yong-hyun Cho ),김연은 ( Yun-eun Kim ),김희영 ( Hee-young Kim ) 한국수처리학회(구 한국수처리기술연구회) 2017 한국수처리학회지 Vol.25 No.4

In this study, the aeration system using the principle of airlift pump, which is one of the element technologies for the artificial aeration, was researched as part of the measures to prevent the eutrophication in the lentic zone and the oxygen depletion in the bottom water. The mass transfer characteristics of the oxygen such as oxygen transfer variation, changes in DO concentration, dissolution, overall oxygen mass transfer coefficient(K_La), oxygen dissolution efficiency(E_A), etc. were evaluated through the h-type liquid-film air supply unit, which has oxygen dissolution and water circulation functions and the oxygen supply function by the liquid film. In the results of water circulation experiment with the deoxygenated water of having DO of 0.5 mg/L or less at air supply of 17 L/min, 20 L/min, 23 L/min and 26 L/min, it was judged that operating at 23 L/min was appropriate. The DO concentration by air supply at 14℃ and 17℃ of the water temperature was measured and the performance of the aeration system was evaluated by calculating KLa and EA considering the air flow rate, water temperature and reactor size out of the various factors having impact on the oxygen transfer. In the results of calculating K_La(20), the more the air supply was increased by 23 L/min, the more the value was increased but at 27 L/min, it showed the tendency that it was increased slightly or decreased. In the results of calculating E_A, which is the basic index of aeration efficiency, the more the air supply was increased, the pure oxygen dissolution efficiency was decreased. Therefore, it was observed that in the aspect of water circulation, it did not require the air supply more than necessary. In addition, in the aspect of oxygen supply, the more the air supply was increased, the more the aeration efficiency of the system was decreased, which is deemed that the formation of liquid-film was inhibited.

저수온기 MASA 시스템을 이용한 고도하수처리 특성

강용태 ( Yong Tae Kang ),김연은 ( Yun Eun Kim ),한상윤 ( Sang Yun Han ),손정호 ( Jeong Ho Sohn ) 한국물환경학회 ( 구 한국수질보전학회 ) 2010 공동 추계학술발표회 Vol.2010 No.-

저수온에서의 MASA시스템에 의한 질소제거효율 개선

강용태 ( Yong Tae Kang ),김연은 ( Yun Eun Kim ),손정호 ( Jeong Ho Sohn ) 한국수처리학회(구 한국수처리기술연구회) 2011 한국수처리학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment is a matter importantly dealt with on the preservation of water environment. If the activity of microorganism falls down due to the low temperature of water, and moreover as denitrification efficiency falls down rapidly owing to decline of nitrification rate, there remains a task to improve such a kind of problem. The aim of this research is to improve nitrification and denitrification efficiency according to change of water temperature by MASA system(Modified ASA system) applying MAB procedure to reaerobic of Advanced Step Aeration system. Consequently I applied MAB to reaerobic to make the rate of nitrification be elevated. So the aim of this study was focused on the research of the characteristic of winter sewage disposal through the change of water temperature by applying the best condition of MLSS concentration and HRT of ASA system to MASA system. As a result of research of the treatment rate per water quality item of MASA system in low temperature (10.5~14.7°C), SS, BOD, CODCr, T-P, T-N, NH4+-N were processed more efficiently by 10% than existing ASA system, and by dispositing MAB with the percentage of 97.9%, 96.8%, 97.3%, 86.8%, 94.3%, 98.1% separately, they were approved to be more effective for biological nitrogen removal in low temperature than the existing ASA system.

부상여재를 이용한 일체형 직접여과시스템의 여과특성

범봉수 ( Bong Su Bum ),김희영 ( Hee Young Kim ),김연은 ( Yun Eun Kim ),조용현 ( Yong Hyun Cho ) 한국수처리학회 2014 한국수처리학회지 Vol.22 No.5

Recently to control refractory dissolved organic matter which is recognized as a problem of water quality management in public water area, it is strongly requested the strengthening of process for T-P which is the growth limitation factor. So we have researched the characteristic of filteration through composite filtering system by direct filteration system adapted floating media to treat phosphorus treatment of second sewage disposal water and particle pollutant. In this research we could confirm the increase of phosphorus removal efficiency by glowing bigger particle floc than existing filteration process through slow mixing of composite direct filteration system. And also as a result of an experiment of filteration efficiency for each coagulants, PACl was approved as the most appropriate coagulants.