高麗時代 高句麗 記事 整理

金德原(Kim, Duk-won) 백산학회 2001 白山學報 Vol.- No.61

The Koryo dynasty(高麗) took its name from the Koguryo dynasty(高麗), and pursued an active northward policy. The question of whether the policy persisted for its entire period has prompted us to summarize articles on Koguryo which appeared in “Kryosa(高麗史)” and “Koryosajolyo(高麗史節要)” Articles on Koguryo are abundant in “Giriji(地理志)” and some are found in ‘Sega(世家)’ and ‘Ryuljeun(列傳)’ ; each have more articles on Koguryo than on Paekche(百濟). Such is the case with “Koryosajolyo“. Diplomatic relations with China, specifically on wars with the chinese Tang dynasty(唐) King Taejong(太宗), are among the highlights. This leads us to know that China recognized Koryo’s succession of Koguryo. With the lack of historical materials on this ancient period, it could be desirable to make the best use of these articles that appeared in the following dynasty. In particular, numerous materials found in the collections of personal works have proven to be very useful in the research of ancient history from various points of view. This approach complements the shortage of ancient historical sources and enables us to better our understanding of the three kingdoms(三國時代) at that time More research is needed in this area.

응급구조학과 학생의 취업스트레스에 미치는 영향요인

김덕원(Duk-Won Kim),주호현(Ho-Hyeon Ju) 한국산학기술학회 2017 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.18 No.12

본 연구는 응급구조학과 학생들의 취업스트레스에 영향을 미치는 요인을 파악하고 응급구조학과 학생들의 취업스트레스를 감소시키기 위하여 조사하였다. 전라북도와 전라남도의 4년제 대학 1개와 3년제 대학 4개의 응급구조학과 학생들 중에 임상실습을 경험한 학생 276명을 대상으로 2017년 09월 10일부터 15일까지 5일간 설문조사를 실시하였다. 통계분석은 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 사용하였으며, t-test, ANOVA, pearson correlation coefficient, 다중회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 임상실습 스트레스와 전공만족도는 유의한 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(r=-0.192, p=0.001), 취업스트레스와 임상실습 스트레스는 유의한 양의 상관관계를 보였고(r=0.222, p<0.001), 취업스트레스와 전공만족도는 유의한 음의 상관관계를 나타냈다(r=-0.245, p<0.001). 다중회귀분석 결과 임상실습 스트레스가 높을수록(β=0.157, p=0.005), 전공만족도가 낮을수록(β=-0.211, p<0.001) 취업스트레스가 높아지는 것으로 나타났고, 3학년(β=0.237, p<0.001)과 4학년(β=0.288, p<0.001)에서 취업스트레스가 높았고, 가정의 경제적 상태가 보통인 학생들에서 취업스트레스가 높은 것으로 나타났다(β=0.173, p=0.012). 따라서 응급구조학과 학생들의 임상실습 스트레스를 감소시키기 위하여 학교의 지원이 필요하고, 취업스트레스의 감소를 위해 취업기관의 확대와 취업 관리 프로그램의 개발이 필요하다. The purpose of this study was to investigate factors affecting employment stress among Emergency Department students and reduce stress of employment. A questionnaire survey was administered to 276 students who experienced clinical practice among 4 emergency college students in Jeollabuk-do and Jeollanam-do at 4-year and 3-year colleges from September 10 to 15, 2017. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 18.0 program and analyzed by t-test, ANOVA, Pearson"s correlation coefficient, and multiple regression analysis. In the results, there were significantly negative correlations between clinical training stress and major satisfaction (r=-0.192, p=0.001), significantly positive correlations between career stress and clinical training stress (r=0.222, p<0.001), and significantly negative correlations between career stress and major satisfaction (r=-0.245, p<0.001). In the multi-regression analysis, the following was discovered: higher clinical training stress (β=0.157, p=0.005), lower major satisfaction (β=-0.211, p<0.001), and higher career stress. Junior students (β=0.237, p<0.001) and senior students (β=0.288, p<0.001) had the highest career stress. Subjects with medium-level financial status had high career stress (β=0.173, p=0.012). Therefore, this study suggests that colleges should reduce clinical training stress among emergency medical technology students, and more job support centers should be opened and job management programs developed.

1급 응급구조사의 직종에 따른 직무만족도 및 업무스트레스

김덕원(Duk-Won Kim),최성우(Seong-Woo Choi) 한국산학기술학회 2017 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.18 No.11

본 연구는 응급구조사가 배출된지 21년이 지난 시점에서 119와 병원에서 근무하는 응급구조사들을 근무 기관별로 업무스트레스와 직무만족도를 비교분석하여 119와 병원의 차이와 장단점을 파악함으로써 우리나라의 1급 응급구조사들의 근무여건을 개선하고 보다 나은 근무환경을 조성하는데 기초자료를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 수행하였다. 광주광역시와 전라남도, 전라북도의 28개 119안전센터와 14개 권역응급의료센터 및 지역응급의료센터에서 근무하는 1급 응급구조사 182명을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였다. 통계분석은 SPSS/WIN 20.0을 사용하였으며, 카이제곱검정, t-test, ANOVA, ANCOVA로 분석하였다. 업무스트레스는 119근무자(2.92), 병원근무자(3.01)으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 직무만족도는 소방근무자(2.98), 병원근무자(2.54)으로 병원근무자들이 크게 유의하게 낮았다(p<0.001). 또한 병원근무자들의 보수 영역에서 가장 낮은 점수가 보였으며(2.07±0.62), 월 평균 환자수가 적을수록(p<0.001), 월수입이 높을수록(p=0.047), 휴가가 많을수록(p<0.001) 업무스트레스가 낮고, 직무만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 업무스트레스를 감소시키고 직무만족도를 높이기 위해 119와 병원 모두 근무복지여건의 개선이 필요하고, 119의 경우, 구급대원 폭행 방지 대책과 휴식공간이 필요하고 특히 병원의 경우는 급여와 연간 급여증가율, 고용형태의 안정을 개선해야 한다. This study provides basic data needed to improve the working environment of the first class emergency medical technicians, in order to decrease their job stress and increase their job satisfaction. Job stress and satisfaction were compared and analysed in emergency medical technicians who were working for 119 rescue and hospitals at the time when twenty-one years had passed after the initial training of emergency medical technicians in order to identify differences between 119 rescue and hospitals, and their advantages and disadvantages. The subjects of the study were 182 first-class emergency medical technicians who were working in twenty-eight 119 rescue centers and fourteen national and local emergency medical centers in Gwangju, Jeollanamdo and Jeollabukdo. The study subjects were interviewed by questionnaire. For statistical analysis, SPSS/WIN 20.0 was used, and the results were analysed with chi-square, t-test, ANOVA, and ANCOVA testing. There was no significant difference in job stress between the subjects working in 119 rescue centers (2.92) and those working in hospitals(3.01). The satisfaction score of fire-fighting workers was 2.98 and that of hospital workers was 2.54. Hospital workers" satisfaction was significantly lower (p<0.001). The score of hospital workers" pay satisfaction was the lowest(2.07±0.62). The job stress decreased and job satisfaction increased with decreasing monthly average number of patients(p<0.001), increasing monthly income(p=0.047), and more frequent holidays they had(p<0.001), the less. For less job stress and higher job satisfaction, welfare conditions both at 119 rescue and hospitals should be improved. 119 rescue centers should develop violence prevention measures and offer resting places for emergency medical technicians. Hospitals should pay more attention to the yearly pay increase rate and stability in employment types.

응급구조학과 학생들의 결핵에 대한 지식 및 태도가 결핵감염 예방행위에 미치는 영향

문성모(Sung-Mo Moon),김덕원(Duk-Won Kim) 한국산학기술학회 2019 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.20 No.2

본 연구는 응급구조학과 학생들의 결핵에 대한 예방행위에 미치는 요인을 파악하고 응급구조학과 학생들의 결핵에 대한 예방행위수준을 높이기 위하여 조사하였다. 전라북도의 4년제 대학 1개와 3년제 대학 2개의 응급구조학과 학생 314명을 대상으로 2018년 6월 25일부터 7월 6일까지 12일간 설문조사를 실시하였다. 통계분석은 SPSS 18.0 프로그램을 사용하였으며, t-test, ANOVA, pearson correlation coefficient, 다중회귀분석으로 분석하였다. 상관분석 결과 결핵에 대한 예방행위는 결핵에 대한 지식(r=0.268, p<0.001)과 태도(r=0.394, p<0.001)에 모두 유의한 양의 상관관계를 나타냈다. 다중회귀분석 결과 결핵에 대한 지식이 높을수록(β=0.152, p<0.001), 태도가 높을수록(β=0.052, p<0.001) 예방행위수준이 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 본인 또는 친인척이 결핵 발병을 경험한 학생들의 예방행위수준이 높았다(β=-0.186, p=0.001). 따라서 응급구조학과 학생들에게 결핵에 대한 지식수준을 높이고 부정적인 인식과 태도를 변화시켜 예방행위 수준을 향상시킬 수 있는 체계적이고 지속적인 생활화된 교육이 필요하다. This study aimed to identify factors that had an influence on preventive behaviors of Emergency Medical Service students against tuberculosis to promote their preventive behavior. The subjects of the study were 314 students studying emergency medical service from one 4-year college and two 3-year colleges in Jeollabukdo and they were researched with the use of a questionnaire from June 25, to July 6, 2018. For a statistical analysis of the data obtained, this study used SPSS 18.0 and conducted a t-test, an ANOVA, a Pearson’s correlation coefficient and a multi-regression test to analyze the data. Pearson’s correlation coefficient analysis showed that the preventive behavior levels was significantly correlated with knowledge of tuberculosis (r = 0.268, p <0.001) and attitude (r = 0.394, p <0.001). As results of the multi-regression test, the higher the knowledge of tuberculosis(β=0.152, p<0.001) and the higher the attitude(β=0.052, p<0.001), the higher the preventive behavior levels. In addition, Students who have experienced tuberculosis in their own or relative"s relatives have a high level of prevention behavior(β=-0.186, p=0.001). Therefore, it is suggested that organized and consistent education programs to promote knowledge on tuberculosis, change negative perception on it and improve preventive behavior levels should be developed and provided.

연속반응기 ( CSTR ) 에서의 비닐 아세테이트와 페닐 아크릴레이트 및 비닐벤조에이트의 용액 공중합

하창식(Chang Sik Ha),김영규(Young Kyoo Kim),강동필(Dong Pil Kang),김덕원(Duck Won Kim),설수덕(Soo Duk Seul),조원제(Won Jei Cho) 한국고분자학회 1992 폴리머 Vol.16 No.6

The study of the relationships between the MgO crystal orientation and the conditions of deposition on AC-PDP

장용민(Yong-Min Jang),허정은(Jeong-Eun Heo),김덕원(Duk Won Kim),신중홍(Joong-Hong Shin),박정후(Chung-Hoo Park) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.7

There are several important issues in AC PDP researches such as cost reduction, reliability, and good image quality. The properties of MgO layer is thought to be one of the most important factors that affects the panel reliability through the firing voltage variation. The MgO thin film mainly has (11l), (200) and (220) crystal orientation. It is reported that (111)-oriented film helps decreasing the discharge voltage, and (200)-oriented film improves the misfiring on high temperature and the image sticking[1]. In this study, we investigated the relations between the crystal orientation and e-beam evaporation process parameters such asdeposition rate, temperature of substrate, and distance bet ween the target(MgO tablet) and the substrate.

Impedance Plethysmography를 이용한 수지혈류량의 측정

유재덕,나동균,신극선,김덕원 大韓成形外科學會 1992 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.19 No.4

We measured the amount of blood flow of 160 digits in edght healthy male and eight healthy female subjects by suing electric impedance plethysmography. We also estimated the blood flow in 16 digits in five patients with replantation surgery. The following results were obtained. 1. For normal subjects, the average digital blood flow is largest(male : 13.9, female : 12.0ml/100ml of digit) in the third digit and followed by the first, the second, the forth and the fifth digit in descending oredr. 2. For normal subjects, the predominant showed larger mean digital blood flow than the opposite side but, there was no statistical significance. 3. The average amount of digital flow in replanted digit was 51.4% compared to that of normal ones. In conclusion, electrical impedance plethysmography could be used as an useful method for the measurement of digital blood flow. Therefore, classification and prediction of prognosis of the diseases with blood flow impairment could be possible by using the above method.

A study on the angular deformity of the fractures of the distal femur & proximal tibia with closed interlocking intramedullary nailing

고한석,김덕원,황인환,송재국 인제대학교 백병원 2002 仁濟醫學 Vol.23 No.2

Object: The purpose is to find out the preventive method of anatomic malalignment and valgus deformity by analyzing deformity after treatment of the fractures around the knee with closed interlocking intramedullary nailing. Materials and methods: Interlocking intramedullary nailing has become a commom procedure in the treatment of distal femur and proximal tibia fracture. Retrospective study of 37 patient treated with closed interlocking intramedullary nailing for distal femur & proximal tibial fracture from 1993 to 1996 was done. The valgus and varus angulation, anterior and posterior angulation of their portions were measured and the result was evaluated by Klemm and Borner method. Results: Among the 37 cases, 15 cases were good, 3 cases fair in distal femur, and 16 cases were good, 3 cases fair in proximal tibia. In distal femur, valgus was most common with 8 cases and it had correlation with nail tip position. In proximal tibia, all cases were valgus deformity in preoperation, postoperative radiographs showed that varus less than 5 degree was most common with 8 cases and it had correlation with nai entry point. Conclusion: Closed interlocking intramedullry nailing for the fractures around the knee joint may induce angular deformity. During operation, the fact that valgus deformity is more common in this area and should be kept in mind. Valgus deformity can be prevented in distal femur fracture with anatomical reduction and nail tip placed in the center or slightly laterally in the condyles. In proximal tibia, valgus deformity can be prevented with anatomical reduction and nail entry point placed center or slightly laterally on the tibial condyle and nail axis parallel with proximal fragment axis.