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강종구,김창기,Kang, Jong-koo,Kim, Chang-ki The Korean Society of Veterinary Science 1992 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.32 No.1
Mycobacterium (M) bovis 를 인공감염시킨 개에 있어서 BCG의 전처치효과를 in vivo 및 in vitro에서 검토하였다. 개들은 BCG 전처치군, M bovis 단독처치군, 비감염대조군의 세군으로 나누었다. BCG는 M bovis 복강접종 3주일전에 0.2ml를 피내접종하였다. 결핵균 투여 4개월후에 전군을 도살하여 실험에 사용하였다. 도살시 모든 처치군에서 감염이 확인되었다. 병리조직학적으로 BCG전처치군의 폐장내에서는 경도의 macrophage의 침윤과 소상의 육아종 형성이 관찰되였으나 M bovis 단독처치군에 있어서는 보다 고도의 macrophage의 침윤, 중등도의 호중구의 침윤 및 중등도의 육아종의 형성이 확인되었다. 각 동물의 기관지폐포세정액을 분리하여 그 속의 총세포수와 각 세포의 분획을 검토하였다. 비감염 대조군의 기관지폐포세정액내의 총세포수는 두 처치군보다 훨씬 낮았으며 M bovis 단독처치군의 총세포수는 BCG 전처치군보다 1.8배 높았다. 이 세정액으로부터 폐포 macrophage를 분리배양하여 macrophage의 활성능과 결핵균의 증식능을 관찰하였다. BCG처치군은 M bovis 단독처치군에 비하여 높은 Fc receptor 활성(rosette 형성능, 탐식능)과 낮은 결핵균의 증식이 관찰되었다. 그러나 BCG의 전처치는 결핵균을 killing하지는 못하였다. 개에게 BCG를 전처치하면 폐내에 극소수의 결핵균이 지속적으로 잔존하지만 폐포 macrophage는 이미 항결핵성면역능을 지닌채로 계속 활성화된 상태로 존재하기 때문에 결핵에 대하여 예방효과를 갖는다고 사료된다. Dogs were divided into 3 groups of two each; Bacillie Calmette-Guerin(BCG) pretreatment, M bovis only treatment and uninfected control group. BCG were vaccinated intradermally with 0.2ml before 3weeks of M bovis intraperitoneal infection. Infection at necropsy 4months later was readily in the both treated dogs. Histopathologically, the BCG pretreated dogs produce the moderate accumulation of macrophages and focal granuloma formation in the lung, whereas the M bovis only treared dogs produce the accumulation of predominantly macrophages, occasionaly polymorphonuclear cells and the more larger granuloma Bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL) was obtained and total and differential cell counts were examined. Total number of BAL cells harvested from uninfected dogs is lower compared with those of the both treated groups. The total cell number of M bovis only treated dogs were singificantly higher 1.8 times than that of the BCG pretreated dogs. The Fe receptor activity and the growth of organism in alveolar macrophages obtained from BCG pretreated dogs were compared with that in macrophages from M bovis only treated dogs. BCG vaccination resulted in substantial macrophage activation, measured as increased Fc receptor mediated phagocytosis and rosette formation, as wells as the inhibition of intracellular mycobacteria multiplication. However, actibated macrophages taken from BCG pretreated dogs are incapable of killing the M bovis. Thus, these results suggest that BCG pretrearment in the dog may produce a protective effect against tuberculosis because active alveolar macrophages have acquired antituberculous immunity, although few mycobacteria within the lung remain in a metabolically active state.
강종구,김창기,권영방,Kang, Jong-koo,Kim, Chang-ki,Kwon, Young-bang 대한수의학회 1996 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.36 No.1
1. The sixty raised shepherd and sixty-five inhoused pet dogs in the regions of Daejon and Cheongju were subjected to investigate the TB infection by means of BCG and X-ray diagnosis. The 5 out of 65 inhoused pet and 7 out of 60 shepherd dogs were observed to be infected with TB, respectively. However, none of Mycobacterium species were detected from lung tissues of 4-slaughtered dogs showing BCG positive reaction. 2. The rats were first inoculated with 0.1ml BCG, and then 0.1ml M bovis suspended solution($1{\times}10^5$ organisms/0.2ml) 3weeks later. After 5 months, the animals were killed. The pathohistological results from both groups, TB inoculated and BCG treated groups, were observed on the surface of lung. Furthermore, the severe pathological lesion in the Iung was observed in M bovis inoculated group compared to BCG treated group. 3. The slight macrophage invasion and granuloma formation in the lung from BCG treated group were observe individually. However, it was confirmed that the lung from M bovis treated group was invaded by the macrophages and neutrophils combined with the granuloma formation. 4. When the numbers of the total cells taken from broncho-alvealar fluid in each of mouse from both groups were differentially counted, the number of total cell, neutrophils, and lymphocytes from M bovis treated group were significantly increase compared with those of BCG treated group. 5. Although there were nearly no response of the alveolar macrophages to CSF in serum obtained from control group, those from M boris treated group were significantly proliferated.
새로운 간질환치료제 ( 고덱스 헤파디프에스 ) 의 랫드에 대한 단회투여 경구독성시험
강종구(Jong Koo Kang),정은용(Eun Yong Jung),남상윤(Sang Yoon Nam) 한국응용약물학회 2001 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.9 No.2
This study was performed to evaluate an single dose oral toxicity of a new hepatotherapeutic agent GODEX (HEPADIF-S) in Sprague-Dawley rats. Male and female rats were administered dosages of 5, 2.5, 1.25, 0.625, 0.3125, and 0 g/kg B.W. of GODEX, respectively. After single oral administration of GODEX to rats, we observed them daily for 2 weeks. GODEX did not induce any toxic signs in the mortalities, clinical signs, body weight changes, and gross necropsy findings of rats. Based on these results, it is concluded that GODEX may have no side effect and its LD_(50) value may be over 5 g/kg B.W. in rats.
강종구 ( Jong Koo Kang ),최명복 ( Myoung Bok Choi ),김영한 ( Young Han Kim ) 한국초등특수교육학회 2009 초등특수교육연구 Vol.11 No.1
본 연구에서는 국내와 외국 학습장애에 대한 최근 경향을 살펴보고, 이를 토대로 국내 학습장애의 나아갈 방향에 대하여 제안하고자 하였다. 연구를 통해 학습장애를 포함한 특수교육은 다양한 이론적, 교육적 접근을 통해 이해할 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 특히 국내 학습장애 문헌을 살펴본 결과 많은 학자들은 학습장애에 관하여 학습장애의 개념, 진단, 지도에 관련하여 연구하고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 연구자들은 국내에서 이루어지는 다양한 연구들이 국내 학습장애 발전에 큰 공헌을 하고 있음을 알 수 있었으며, 앞으로도 계속 발전되어져 나가야 함을 강조하였다. 연구자들은 국내에서 이루어지고 있는 다양한 연구들과 함께 추가적인 연구의 중요성을 강조하였다. 국내의 학습장애는 양적으로는 크게 발전하였으나, 여전히 학습장애의 정의와 같은 이론적인 토대에 있어 보다 많은 논의가 이루어질 필요가 있다. 또한 학습장애를 가진 많은 학생들이 일반학급에서 교육을 받는 동안 적절한 특수교육서비스를 제공받지 못하고, 교육적으로나 사회적으로 어려움을 경험하고 있다. 국내 학습장애를 보다 체계적으로 발전시키고 학습장애 학생들이 경험하고 있는 어려움들을 해결하기 위해서, 연구자들은 학습장애에 대한 심도 깊은 논의, 학습장애 학생들과 관련된 당사자들의 적극적인 참여, 교사들의 참여를 제안하였다. This study explored the recent trends of learning disabilities in South Korea and other countries, and attempted to suggest the future goals of South Korea`s learning disabilities. The researchers found that special education, including learning disabilities, can be understood by various theoretical and educational approaches. In particular, the literature review on South Korea`s learning disabilities showed that many scholars focused on the concept, diagnose and instruction of learning disabilities. The researchers recognize these studies have greatly contributed, and emphasized the development of these studies. The researchers highlighted the importance of additional studies as well as these studies in South Korea. South Korea`s learning disabilities have greatly developed, but they also need to be studied regarding theoretical foundations such as the definition of learning disabilities. In addition, many students with learning disabilities have not received appropriate special education services while attending general education classrooms. In order to develop South Korea`s learning disabilities systematically and resolve the difficulties that students with learning disabilities have experienced, the researchers suggest thorough discussion on learning disabilities, active participation of parties who are involved with students with learning disabilities, and teachers` participation