사상체질론의 정신의학적 타당성에 대한 연구

민성길,김동기,박진균,전세일 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.3

연구목적 : 건간한 의대상 312명과 신경증적 장애를 가진 환자 288명을 대상으로 하였다. 사상체질의 구별은 노정우 및 김달래 두 전문가에 의한 판정, 그리고 경희의대 사상체질 설문지(QSCC Ⅱ)에 의한 판정 등 3가지 방법에 의하였다. 연구 대상에게 정신과적 증상척도(SCL-90), 체질특성척도 및 성격척도를 사용하여 자가 평가하게 하였다. 각종 척도들의 타당도와 신뢰도는 입증되었다. 이 척도들을 통계적으로 분석하고 고전적 설명과 어느 정도 일치하는 지를 검토하였다. 연구결과 : 1) 3가지 분류방법간에 차이가 컸었다. 그 중 전문가의 직접적 면담에 의한 감별보다 QSCCⅡ 설문지형이 비교적 감별력이 컸다. 3) QSCCⅡ가 감별력이 비교적 크다고 하더라도 그 결과가 소음군의 대인공포-강박증, 불면-식용상실, 무력-예민-소화기-한기-피부증후군 그리고 정력부족등 신경증적 증상과 소극-비사교적, 내향형 성격 및 이성적 성격특징 등 몇가지 특징을 감별하는 데에만 비교적 유의하였고, 태음군의 특정인 독특한 신념, 온기, 활달-사교적 성격에 대해서는 부분적으로 그 특징을 감별하였다. 또한 소양군의 활달-사교형 성격과 감정형 성격의 특징 등은 극히 부분적으로 감별하였다. 결 론 : 이러한 결과는 현존하는 사상체질 구분방법에 일치점이 결여되어 있다는 것, 각종척도를 사용한 결과는 사상체질에 관한 고전적 설명을 부분적으로만 입증하고 있다는 것, 따라서 사상체질구분에 대한 향후보다 객관적인 연구가 필요하다는 것을 시사한다. Object : This study is to examine the validity of constitutional classification of Sa-sang medical theory. This theory classifies the human constitution to 4 types according to classical oriental philosophy on yin and yang. Subjects and Method : Subjects were 312 medical students and 288 neurotic patients with diagnosis of neurotic, stress related and somatoform disorders and minor depressive episodes according to ICD-10. Medical students were classified to 4 Sa-sang Constitution Classification(QSCCⅡ). For assessmnent of symptoms and signs, Korean version of SCL-90, a constitution scale and personality scale which were designed for this study were used. These instruments were found to be reliable and valid through statistical analysis. Subjects were asked to rate these scales. The data were analysed with factor analysis and factor scores were compared among 4 Sa-sang constitutions by ANOVA and t-test. The data from patient group were analysed with factor analysis and the results were compared with the Sa-sang medical theory. Results : Results of classification by 3 ways were inconsistent showing a significant difference among them. Among them, QSCCⅡ was most reliable. In QSCC Ⅱ, only the factor scores of factors of homophobia-obsession, weakness-sensitiveness-indigestion-chillness-skin syndrome, sexual weakness, passive-unsociable personality, introverted personality and rational, personality, were significantly high in So-um (small yin) group of medical students. A factor of warmnes and active-sociable personality were significantly high in Tae-um(big yin)group. Also active-sociable and effective pesonality was partly related with So-yang(small yang)group. Conclusion : These results suggest that those present classification methods inconsistent, that these methods are proving only parts of Sa-sang medical theory, and that objective and scientific studies are needed for reliability and validity of Sa-sang medical theory.

피프로닐 오염도 조사를 위한 분석법 정립

조순길 ( Soon-kil Cho ),이미진 ( Mi-jin Lee ),이정민 ( Jeong-min Lee ),김호진 ( Ho-jin Kim ),박수민 ( Soo-min Park ),박혜진 ( Hye-jin Park ),이승화 ( Seung-hwa Lee ),안종성 ( Jong-sung Ahn ) 한국환경농학회 2018 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2018 No.-

2017년 유럽에서 피프로닐에 오염된 계란이 유통된데 이어 국내에서 생산된 일부 계란에서도 살충제가 검출되었다. 피프로닐은 진드기 방제 목적으로 사용되는 살충제로 sulfide, sulfone, amide, sulfoxide의 대사산물을 생성한다. 피프로닐은 물에 1.9 mg/L 정도 용해되고, 아세톤에 545.9g/L가 용해되는 성질이 있어 시료 채취시 아세톤을 사용한다. 농장시설 등에 부착된 피프로닐을 제거하기 위해 5% 탄산나트륨(Na2CO3)과 15% 과산화수소(H2O2)를 권장하고 있다. 이는 피프로닐을 피프로닐설폰으로 산화시킨 다음 반복적으로 사용하여 제거한다. 이러한 제거 작업을 통해 피프로닐이 제거된 정도를 조사할 필요가 있고, 이를 위한 분석법 정립이 필요하다. 시료를 250 mL 용기에 넣고 1% 함유 아세토니트릴 100 mL을 주가하여 10분간 격렬하게 진탕한 후, 3500 rpm으로 원심분리를 하였다. 추출액 1 mL을 0.2 um 멤브레인필터로 여과하여 시험용액으로 하였다. 칼럼은 C18(2.0 mm I.d×50mm, 3 um)을 사용하였고, 이동상은 0.1% 포름산 함유 메탄올과 0.1% 포름산 및 5 mM 아세트산암모늄이 함유된 물을 사용하였다. 분석조건으로 피프로닐의 선구이온은 437 m/z, 생성이온은 368, 255, 290 m/z, positive 조건으로 분석하였고, 피프로닐 설폰의 선구이온은 451 m/z, 생성이온은 415, 282, 244 m/z negative 조건으로 분석하였다. 분석법의 정량한계는 피프로닐 0.92 ug/kg, 피프로닐설폰 0.70 ug/kg이었다. 피프로닐과 피프로닐 설폰을 각각 1, 5, 10, 50, 100 ug/kg 수준으로 검량선을 작성한 결과, r2는 모두 0.9999이었다. 10 ug/kg과 50 ug/kg 수준의 3반복 회수율 실험결과, 10ug/kg 수준에서 피프로닐은 74.7±0.56%, 피프로닐 설폰은 88.9± 0.27%로 나타났다. 50 ug/kg 수준에서는 피프로닐은 78.6±0.11%, 피프로닐 설폰은 95.2±0.02%로 유효회수율 범위(70~120%)에 포함되었다. 머무름 시간은 피프로닐 5.3 mim, 피프로닐 설폰은 5.7min에서 검출되었다. 교차확인 목적으로 LC/MS/MS로 분석한 시료를 GC/μ-ECD로 분석을 하였다. 분석조건은 주입구 온도 250℃, (5%-Phenyl)-methylpolysiloxane이 충진된 30 m×0.25 mm×0.25 um길이의 칼럼이다. 오븐온도는 130℃에서 300℃까지 승온 조건으로 분석하였고, 머무름시간은 피프로닐 11.64 min, 피프로닐 설폰12.79 min으로 LC/MS/MS와 GC/μ-ECD 모두 표준물질과 시료의 결과가 일치함을 알 수 있었다. 정립된 분석법은 피프로닐 오염도조사를 위한 분석법으로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

공황발작과 승모판 탈출

민성길,박묵희,이호영 大韓神經精神醫學會 1986 신경정신의학 Vol.25 No.2

Of 72 Korean patients with recurrent spontaneous panic attacks, none had definite mitral valve prolapse(MVP). With a very low prevalence of MVP in the general population of Korea, this finding suggests that panic disorder without MVP is a universal one regardless of ethnic difference and that the two conditions might be dissociated. Furthermore, panic attack might not be the expression of a genetically determined biological defect which also is underlying MVP. However as seen in the case history of patient with MVP who had felt anxiety symptoms with cardiac symptoms caused by MVP, it is still possible that another form of spontaneous panic attack triggered by arrhythmia of MVP exists.

Hemodialysis 환자 가족의 정신신체의학적 반응

민성길,이기연 大韓神經精神醫學會 1981 신경정신의학 Vol.20 No.3

Twenty two family members of prolonged hemodialysis patients were interviewed to study the psychosomatic reactions to hemodialysis procedures. And a scale for self-assessment of anxiety and depression was used to compare with the ordinary neurotic depressives. The results showed that the family members had suffered from a characteristic reactive depression which resembled neurotic depression. The symptoms were characterized by far less somatization, weeping spells, felling that life is not worth living, loss of enjoyment and loss of appetite and libido. The etiological factors seemed to be, as situational ones, stress from financial problems, physically painful experiences and possible impending death and future uncertainty of family life. Inner conflicts as ambivalence and guilt feeling centered around donation of kidney for transplantation, the decision of stopping treatment, and hostility and resentment reactive to long-term dependency of patients and their neurotic or even psychotic behaviors, played. etiological roles as well. This reactive depression was more severe when the family members were wives, older in age, and sensitive, hot-tempered and obsessive in personality, but less severe when they were less educated or when they were christian and extrovert and active in personality. These results suggest that there are some psychodynamic correlations between the characteristic symptoms of the reactive depression, especially less somatization, and the clear and open situational factors in etiology.

공황장애(Panic Disorder) 환자의 MMPI 및 Rorschach 반응특성 : On the Characteristics of the Responses of MMPI and Rorschach Test in Patients with Panic Disorder

민성길,이호영,김명선 大韓神經精神醫學會 1984 신경정신의학 Vol.23 No.4

As the diagnastic criteria of DSM-Ⅲ was newly established, a lot of studies have been conducted on the biological and psychological aspects of Panic Disorder, but studies using psychological tests are few. Chambless insists that the patients in this diagnostic criteria have hysterical cognitive style. Therefore, in this study, we attempted to examine the characteristics of MMPI and Rorschach of 13 Panic Disorder patients and whether these characteristics support the hysterical cognitive style. The results are as follows; a. The group mean profile of MMPI is Hs-D-Hy-Pt type (1-2-3-7 type) and the frequency of Hy type (3-type) has got the highest points. b. For Rorschach Test, the patients showed M〈ΣC and FC〈C+CF in EB, which is the major indicator of hysteria. These results suggest that our subjects of Panic Disorder patients showed typically hysterical feature.

청소년의 문제행동에 대한 인지행동 집단치료의 효과 : 폭력 행동을 중심으로 Focuced on Violent Behaviors

민성길,이호분,육기환,남궁희승,류경희 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.4

연구목적 : 본 연구는 인지행동적 집단치료를 문제행동을 보이는 청소년에 시행하여 청소년 문제행동과 폭력행동의 감소에 미치는 효과를 평가하고 효과에 영향을 주는 요인을 찾아 청소년 문제행동과 폭력행동에 대한 개입의 모델을 제시하려하였다. 방 법 : 교사들에 의해 문제행동을 보이는 학생으로 의뢰된 27명의 중학교 2학년 남녀학생들에게 15 회기에 걸친 인지행동적 집단치료를 시행하였다. 대조군은 같은 중학교 2학년 남녀 학생 20명으로 이들에게는 치료를 실시하지 않았다. 대상군과 대조군을 치료 전후에 자기기술형 비행척도, 폭력행동척도를 작성하게 하였으며, 담임 교사로 하여금 대상군에게 치료전후에 교사용 문제행동 척도, 문제행동 적발빈도 조사를 실시하였다. 결 과 : 1) 자기기술형 비행 척도, 폭력행동 척도로 평가한 결과 대상군에서는 치료 후에 비행이 유의하게 감소하였으며, 대조군과 비교하였을 때 양군간의 유의한 차이가 있었다. 2) 대상군에 대한 교사용 문제행동 척도, 문제행동 적발 빈도조사에서 치료 전후에 문제행동이 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 3) 치료효과를 조별로 비교하면 자기 기술형 비행척도는 조별로 유의하게 차이를 보였고. 2조는 교사용 문제행동 적발 빈도 조사를 제외한 모든 척도에서 유의한 호전을 보였다. 4) 문제행동의 호전에 영향을 주는 요인은 대상군의 성별, 문제행동정도와 치료자였으며, 폭력 행동의 호전에 영향을 주는 요인은 대상군의 문제행동정도였다. 결 론 : 문제행동을 보이는 청소년을 대상으로 한 인지행동적 집단치료는 그들 스스로 평가한 문제 행동 감소의 효과는 있었으나, 교사가 평가하기에는 유의한 차이가 없었으며, 폭력행동에 대해서 특이한 효과는 보여 주지 못하였다. 하지만 대상군의 성별, 문제행동의 정도, 치료자에 따라서는 문제행동의 감소, 폭력행동의 감소 모두에 효과가 있었다. 이러한 결과는 대상군의 선정과 치료자의 숙련도에 따라서는 인지-행동치료가 청소년 문제행동과 폭력행동에 대한 적절한 치료 모델이 될 수 있음을 시사한다. Objectives : The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of cognitive-behavioral group therapy on improving adolescents' behavioral problems, especially violent behavior. Method : The subjects were 27 middle school students referred by their teachers for behavioral problems. We devided them into 4 teams and treated them for 15 sessions of cognitive-behavioral group therapy. The control group were 20 middle school students who had no cognitive-behavioral therapy. We assessed their behaviors pre-and post intervention by two series of scale, ie. self ratings and teacher ratings. Self ratings included 'misbehavior scales' and 'violent behavior subscale' ; teacher ratings included 'teacher-children rating scale' and 'detection of misbehavior scale'. Result : 1) In self-rating scales, the misbehavior of the subject group decreased more than the coltrol group, but not the violent scale. There were statistically significant group differences of improving effect in misbehavior scales. 2) In teacher rating scales, there was no significant decrease in the behavioral problems of the subject group. 3) By teams there were significant different intervention effects among 4 teams in self rating misbehavior scale. Team 2 improved on all scales except teacher-rating detection of misbehavior scale. 4) Determinant factors of intervention effect on behavioral problems were the degree of baseline behavioral problems, sex of subjects and therapist. Conclusion : The results from this study suggest that cognitive-behavioral group therapy was effective in decreasing the behavioral problems of adolescents. But the effect of therapy depends on sex, the degree of behavioral problems of subjects and the therapist.

소아의 손잡이와 문제행동

민성길,신의진,오경자,하은혜 大韓神經精神醫學會 1996 신경정신의학 Vol.35 No.3

This study was aimed to understand human behavior through the concept of brain asymmetry, which is the most basic part of neuropsychiatric methodology. The association between handedness and behavior problems of children was investigated in 2831 children in the first, second, and third grade of four elementary schools in Seoul. Furthermore, the instruments were Childhood Behavior Check List(CBCL) and a Hand preference Questionnaire. The results were following. 1) The number of right handers was 2358(82.7%), and the of non-right handers was 494(17.3%) respectively. There were no students using only their left hand in all five items. 2) The rate of non-right handers were significantly greater in males than in females. The rate of non-right handers decreased with aging. 3) There was no difference in social background between right haders and non-right handers. 4) There was no difference in social competence and social achievement between right handers and non-right handers, except on sibling relationship which was poorer in non-right handers. 5) Non-right handers were scored significantly higher than right handers in total CBCL behavior score as well as in the subscales of CBCL behavior problems, such as, withdrawal, anxiousdepressed, attention problem, aggressive and delinquent behavior. In addition, non-right handers were scored higher in both the internalizing and the externalizing behavior problem. 6) There was no sexual difference in high incidence of behavior problems in non-right handers. These above results suggests that non-right handers had significantly more behavior problems than right handers, therefore presenting itself as a risk factor. Therefore special care is necessary for non-right handed children at home and school.

한국판 세계보건기구 삶의 질 간편형 척도(WHOQOL-BREF)의 개발

민성길,이창일,김광일,서신영,김동기 大韓神經精神醫學會 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.3

연구목적 : 본 연구는 한국판 세계보건기구 삶의 질 간편형 척도(이하 한국판 WHOQOL-BREF)를 개발하고, 한국판 WHOQOL과 비교하여 그 타당도 및 신뢰도를 검증하고자 하는 것이다. 방 법 : WHO의 지침에 따라 개발된 한국판 세계보건기구 삶의 질 간편형 척도(WHOQOL-BREF)를 연세대의대부속 신촌 세브란스 병원에 내원한 일반 내과 환자 171명과 건강한 대조군 367명을 포함한 583명을 대상으로 평가하였다. 총 489명의 응답자가 최종적으로 연구대상이 되었다. 검사-재검사 신뢰도를 보기 위하여 3주 간격으로 113명에게 재검사를 시행하였다. 결 과 : 검사-재검사 신뢰도는 원척도인 WHOQOL과 WHOQOL-BREF두 개 척도 모두 모든 항목에서 유의하게(p<0.0001) 높았다. 원척도인 한국판 WHOQOL과 한국판 WHOQOL-BREF에서 영역(domain)별 점수의 차이는 매우 작았다(평균 0.49). 그리고 두가지 척도의 점수간에 유의한 상관관계가 있었다.(p<0.0001). 내적 일관성에 있어 Cronbach's α는 0.898(0.583∼0.777)이었으며 각 영역(domain)에서도 높은 일관성을 보였다. 변별타당동에서는 성별, 나이, 교육수준, 결혼여부, 질병의 유무에 따라 차이가 있었으며 특히 교육수준과 질병의 유무에 따른 차이가 유의하게 관찰되었다. Confirmatory factor analysis 결과 네 개의 영역구조가 적절하다는 것이 판명되었다.(Bentler의 comparative fit index : 0.859). 전반적인 삶의 질의 평가에 있어서 신체적 건강 영역이 가장 높게 공헌하였고 심리적 영역과 환경 영역이 그 다음으로 공헌하였다. 결 론 : 한국판 WHOQOL-BREF가 삶의 질을 측정하는 도구로써 원척도인 한국판 WHOQOL만큼 신뢰롭고 타당한 검사인 것으로 나타났다. Objective : This study proposed to develop the Korean version of the WHO Quality of Life Scale Abbreviated Version(WHOQOL-BREF) and to test the validity and reliability of the Korean version of WHOQOL-BREF compared with the Korean version of WHOQOL. Method : The Korean version of the WHOQOL-BREF, which was developed according to WHO guidelines, was piloted on 538 respondents, including 171 medical patients from outpatient clinics at Severance hospital and 367 healthy subjects. A total of 489 respondents completed the study. To assess the test-retest reliability, 113 subjects repeated the rating within a 3-week interval. Results : Correlations for test-retest reliability in all item scores of Korean versions of the WHOQOL and WHOQOL-BREF were highly significant(p<0.0001). Differences between domain scores of the Korean version of the WHOQOL-BREF and those of the Korean version of WHOQOL were very small(mean differences=0.49). Domain scores produced by the Korean version of WHOQOL-BREF correlated significantly(p<0.0001) with those of the WHOQOL. Cronbach alpha values were 0.898 and values for each domain were also high(0.583-0.777), which demonstrated good internal consistency. As for determining discriminant validity, scores were compared between gender, age groups, education levels, marital status, and health status. Differences in education levels and health status were statistically significant. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that four domain structures were appropriate(Bentler's comparative fit index : 0.859). For overall quality of life, the contribution of physical health domain was highest, followed by psychological and environmental domains. Conclusion : This study shows that the Korean version of the WHOQOL-BREF is a reliable and available test for assessing quality of life.

북한 사람들의 삶의 질

민성길 연세대학교 통일연구원 2000 통일연구 Vol.4 No.1

The quality of life of people in North Korea was compared with that in South Korea.The quality of life in North Korea was assessed by 53 North Korea defectors, who are receiving governmental education program and not yet living in South Korean society.While the quality of life in South Korea was assessed by 363 South Koreans.These two groups were not statistically different in distribution in age, sex and education level.Instrument was Korean version of WHO Quality of Life(WHOQOL). The results showed that the total score in WHOQOL in North Korea(73.80±13.11) was significantly lower than that in South Korea(81.85±11.12)(P=0.000).The scores of the level of independence domain, social domain, environment domain and religious-spiritual-personal belief domain were higher in South Korea.However, the score in the facet of bodily image-appearance in North Korea was significantly higher than that in South Korea.Also the scores of the facets of thinking-learning-memory-concetration, pain and discomfort and energy-fatigue in North Korea were a little higher than those in South Korea, though it was not statistically significant.The Scores of the factets of self-esteem, mobility, work capacity, personal relationship, sexual activity and physical environment were almost same between North and South Koreas.The facets of which scores were significantly lower in North Korea than South Korea were sleep and rest, positive feelings, negative feelings, activities of daily living, dependency on medication or treatment, practical social support, physical safety and security, home environment, financial resources, health and social care, opportunity for acquiring new information and skills, participation and opportunity for recreation/ leisure, transport and religion-spirituality personal beliefs.There was no difference between genders in both South and North Koreans.There were some differences among age groups, education levels, and marital status in both groups.Also the score was lower in ill-group both in two Koreans. The data suggest what kinds of area should be supported to promote the quality of life of North Koreans in the future.

洛東江 河口周邊의 防災對策에 관한 基礎的인 硏究

민일규,김원규,최병습,박상길,김가현 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 1996 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.51 No.-

波浪과 흐름이 共存하는 大河川 河口部인 洛東江 河口域에서 洛東江 河口둑을 基点으로 波浪, 흐름, 地形變動, 潮流, 洪水位等을 評價基準으로 하여 災害에 대한 基本的인 評價를 實施했다. 波浪, 潮流, 洪水位等이 水位上昇을 透發시켜 周邊地域을 浸水시킬 수 있는 危險性의 與否를 實測과 數値計算을 통하여 實施하였다. 地形變動은 實測만을 통하여 地形變動率을 調査하였다. 資料를 分析한 結果 洛東江 河口地域은 波浪, 흐름과 波浪이 共存하는 領域으로 區分된다. 數値計算結果에 의하면 河口部에서의 來襲波高가 直接 河口둑 水門과 주변構造物에 미치는 影響은 크지 않았다. 또한, 3次元 波高分布를 볼 때 河口 水路를 따라서 거슬러 올라오는 波浪의 影響은 거의 없었다. 洪水位와 流速은 災害를 透發시키는 主要因子로 評價되었다. 波浪에 의한 異常高潮와 漲潮流와 潮汐의 滿潮時間 및 最大洪水量이 時間적으로 一致되는 境遇, 河口둑 周邊地域의 水位 上昇과 流速의 停滯現狀으로 浸水狀態가 發生한다. For the investigation of inundation disasters by wave setup in the Nakdong Estuary of the Large River which waves and currents are coexist, the wave surveying data was analyzed and the numerical model was applied to the Estuary. In this study, the result of surveying data analysis shows that waves have little effect on the surroundings. As the result of numerical computation, waves have seldom direct influence upon the barrage and its gates. Also, according to three dimension distribution of waves, it is found that coming up waves along the Estuary channel and the setup of waves have seldom effect barrage structures.