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Private Speech and Mutual Engagement in Preschoolers Playtime Interaction : Talk and Embodiment
김윤희(Younhee Kim) 한국사회언어학회 2018 사회언어학 Vol.26 No.2
Kim, Younhee. 2018. “Private Speech and Mutual Engagement in Preschoolers Playtime Interaction: Talk and Embodiment”. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea 26(2), 119~165. Preschoolers playtime interaction presents a unique context where private speech/self-talk and mutual conversation are co-present as well as within and out-of-(pretend play) frame talk. Preliminary observation of the data from the larger project revealed an overall pattern where the two children would play together and soon one child or both of them wander off to his/her own private speech/play mode, and then mutual engagement is achieved again. The current study examines this phenomenon from a conversation analytic perspective by showing what types of sequential resources are employed by the children to manage the transition. The resources include making an announcement, a noticing comment about the shared environment, repetition, code-switching, and embodied resources such as gaze, postural orientation, and spatial positioning in the play space (Kendon 1990). The transition from mutual conversation to private speech often accompanies transition from reality to pretend play talk, though not exclusively so. Making a meta-pretend play comment and making a reference to the theme of the joint play also served as an effective way to achieve re-engagement. Based on detailed interactional analysis, the study suggests that the playtime interaction of preschoolers affords more self-oriented speech (self-repair, private speech) and is characterized by rather loosened expectation for responsivity while “playing together” takes close orientation to the other child s behavior as they co-ordinate moments of mutual engagement and separate play throughout their co-presence.
Younhee Kim,Young Ho Eom,Jae Young Lee 위기관리 이론과 실천 2022 Journal of Safety and Crisis Management Vol.12 No.10
Burn is one of the serious injuries for all age groups however the younger the age is, the seriousness of the damage is larger. Children are vulnerable to burn injuries however the current Korean fire prevention content and education curriculum for children do not have specific burn prevention content. This paper is to examine the Learn Not To Burn (LNTB) program at the National Fire Protection Agency (NFPA) in the United States and aims to extract implications towards the burn prevention program for children in Korea. In order to do so, we investigated the LNTB contents, compositions from LNTB textbooks, and LNTB teaching materials. Further, the development and operational process to maintain the LNTB content and the rollout process are also investigated. We also investigated the burn-related content and curriculum of the fire prevention from an elementary school in Korea. We extracted the implications from the LNTB program and described the need for burn prevention education for young children in Korea. Finally, we made suggestions for creating the LNTB program in Korea by collaborating with stakeholders for young children.
Direct and Indirect Costs of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in Korea
Kim, Changhwan,Kim, Younhee,Yang, Dong-Wook,Rhee, Chin Kook,Kim, Sung Kyoung,Hwang, Yong-Il,Park, Yong Bum,Lee, Young Mok,Jin, Seonglim,Park, Jinkyeong,Hahm, Cho-Rom,Park, Chang-Han,Park, So Yeon,Jung The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2019 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.82 No.1
Background: Understanding the burden of disease is important to establish cost-effective treatment strategies and to allocate healthcare resources appropriately. However, little reliable information is available regarding the overall economic burden imposed by chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Korea. Methods: This study is a multicenter observational research on the COPD burden in Korea. Total COPD costs were comprised of three categories: direct medical, direct non-medical, and indirect costs. For direct medical costs, institutional investigation was performed at 13 medical facilities mainly based on the claims data. For direct non-medical and indirect costs, site-based surveys were administered to the COPD patients during routine visits. Total costs were estimated using the COPD population defined in the recent report. Results: The estimated total costs were approximately 1,245 million US dollar (1,408 billion Korean won). Direct medical costs comprised approximately 20% of the total estimated costs. Of these, formal medical costs held more than 80%. As direct non-medical costs, nursing costs made up the largest percentage (39%) of the total estimated costs. Costs for COPD-related loss of productivity formed four fifths of indirect costs, and accounted for up to 33% of the total costs. Conclusion: This study shows for the first time the direct and indirect costs of COPD in Korea. The total costs were enormous, and the costs of nursing and lost productivity comprised approximately 70% of total costs. The results provide insight for an effective allocation of healthcare resources and to inform establishment of strategies to reduce national burden of COPD.