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감염 조절용 차단막의 두께가 광중합기의 중합광에 미치는 영향
장훈상,이석련,홍성옥,류현욱,송창규,민경산 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.5
연구목적: 본 연구는 감염 조절용 차단막을 여러 겹으로 사용했을 때 광중합기의 광강도와 파장, light diffusion 등에 미치는 영향에 대해 조사하였다. 연구 재료 및 방법: 감염 조절용 차단막은 투명 랩 (크린랩)을 사용하였고 광중합기는 할로겐 광중합기 (Optilux 360)와 LED 광중합기 (Elipar FreeLight 2)를 사용하였다. 차단막을 1겹, 2겹, 4겹, 8겹으로 광중합기의 광섬유말단을 감싸고 휴대용 광강도 측정기 (Cure Rite)로 광중합기의 광강도를 측정하였다. 광중합기를 주문제작한 optical breadboard에 고정시킨 후 휴대용 spectroradiometer (CS-1000)를 이용하여 광중합기의 파장을 측정하였고, DSLR (Nikon D70s)을 이용하여 광중합기의 light diffusion을 사진 촬영하였다. 결과: 광강도 측정 결과는 차단막의 두께가 증가할수록 광강도가 유의하게 감소하였으나 할로겐 광중합기에서 1겹과 2겹 사이에는 유의차가 없었으며, 4겹 이상의 차단막을 투과할 때 광강도가 더 많이 감소하였다. 여러 겹의 차단막을 투과한 광중합기의 전체적인 파장 형태와 peak wavelength의 변화는 관찰되지 않았다. Light diffusion 사진 촬영 시, LED 광중합기에서는 차단막의 두께가 미치는 영향이 없었으나 할로겐 광중합기에서는 차단막을 4겹 사용했을 때부터 중합광이 조사되는 각도가 감소하기 시작하여 8겹 사용했을 때 통계적으로 유의하게 감소하는 것을 볼 수 있었다 (p < 0.05). 결론: 광중합형 복합레진을 광중합할 경우 감염 조절용 차단막이 찢어지는 경우를 대비하여 1겹으로 사용하기 보다는 2겹으로 사용하는 것이 환자간의 교차감염을 예방하는데 유리할 것으로 사료된다. Objectives: This study investigated the effect of infection control barrier thickness on power density, wavelength, and light diffusion of light curing units. Materials and Methods: Infection control barrier (Cleanwrap) in one-fold, two-fold, four-fold, and eightfold, and a halogen light curing unit (Optilux 360) and a light emitting diode (LED) light curing unit (Elipar FreeLight 2) were used in this study. Power density of light curing units with infection control barriers covering the fiberoptic bundle was measured with a hand held dental radiometer (Cure Rite). Wavelength of light curing units fixed on a custom made optical breadboard was measured with a portable spectroradiometer (CS-1000). Light diffusion of light curing units was photographed with DSLR (Nikon D70s) as above. Results: Power density decreased significantly as the layer thickness of the infection control barrier increased, except the one-fold and two-fold in halogen light curing unit. Especially, when the barrier was four-fold and more in the halogen light curing unit, the decrease of power density was more prominent. The wavelength of light curing units was not affected by the barriers and almost no change was detected in the peak wavelength. Light diffusion of LED light curing unit was not affected by barriers, however, halogen light curing unit showed decrease in light diffusion angle when the barrier was four-fold and statistically different decrease when the barrier was eight-fold (p < 0.05). Conclusions: It could be assumed that the infection control barriers should be used as two-fold rather than one-fold to prevent tearing of the barriers and subsequent cross contamination between the patients.
Lee, Jae Seok,Kim, Hye Ryun,Lee, Chang Young,Shin, Mihwa,Shim, Hyo Sup Raven Press 2013 Annals of surgical oncology Vol.20 No.9
<P>Gene amplifications are implicated in cancer development and progression. In this study we investigated the clinicopathologic characteristics associated with EGFR or TTF-1 amplification in lung adenocarcinomas and its prognostic significance.</P>
Lee, Sang Eok,Ryu, Keun Won,Nam, Byung Ho,Lee, Jun Ho,Kim, Young-Woo,Yu, Jun Sik,Cho, Soo Jeong,Lee, Jong Yeul,Kim, Chan Gyoo,Choi, Il Ju,Kook, Myeong Cherl,Park, Sook Ryun,Kim, Min Ju,Lee, Jong Seok Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Journal of surgical oncology Vol.100 No.5
<B>Background and Objective</B><P>Only a few surgeons with much experience of laparoscopic surgery perform laparoscopy-assisted total gastrectomy (LATG), because of its technical difficulty and concern about subsequent complications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the technical feasibility and safety of LATG as compared with laparoscopy-assisted distal gastrectomy (LADG) in gastric cancer.</P><B>Methods</B><P>From January 2002 to December 2007, LADG was performed in 473 patients and LATG in 67 patients at the Korean National Cancer Center. Surgical procedures and short-term surgical outcomes of LATG were analyzed.</P><B>Results</B><P>D2 lymph node dissection was performed in 35 LATG (52.2%) cases and in 274 LADG (57.9%) cases (P = 0.378). Mean blood losses during operation were 156.8 ± 158.0 ml and 190.7 ± 176.2 ml, respectively (P = 0.114). The open conversion rate for LATG was higher than LADG without significance (4.3% vs. 1.7%, P = 0.153). Complications occurred in 18 LATG cases (26.9%) and 38 LADG cases (8.0%) (P < 0.001). The most common postoperative complication of LATG was anastomotic stricture after esophagojejunostomy.</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>LATG is a technically feasible procedure as compared with LADG. However, its postoperative complication rate is higher than that of LADG, especially that of anastomotic stricture. A more effective anastomotic method during LATG is required to prevent stricture. J. Surg. Oncol. 2009;100:392–395. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
Lee, Jun Ho,Ryu, Keun Won,Lee, Jong Seok,Lee, Jong Ryeol,Kim, Chan Gyoo,Choi, Il Ju,Park, Sook Ryun,Kook, Myeong-Cherl,Kim, Young-Woo,Bae, Jae-Moon A. R. Liss, inc., etc 2007 Journal of surgical oncology Vol.95 No.6
<B>Background and Objectives</B><P>There is a prevailing belief that young patients with gastric adenocarcinomas have a more aggressive disease.</P><B>Methods</B><P>We reviewed the prospectively collected database of 753 gastric adenocarcinomas patients who had undergone curative gastrectomy. Clinicopathological factors and the survival rates for each pathological TNM stage were compared between patients younger than 40 years of age and the others.</P><B>Results</B><P>Fifty-four (9.8%) patients were younger than 40 years of age. The overall accuracy of the intra-operative stage was 62.5%; 54.0% in the young patients and 63.5% in older patients (P = 0.006). Intraoperative under-staging was more commonly seen in the younger patients when compared to the older patients. These trends were more prominent in patients with surgical stage I disease. Age proved to be an independent risk factor influencing the accuracy of intraoperative staging using a logistic regression analysis. There was no difference in overall 3-year survival rate between the two age groups for each pathological TNM stage.</P><B>Conclusions</B><P>The present study showed that intra-operative under-staging was more common in young patients with gastric cancer, especially with stage I disease. This finding raises the concern for inaccurate diagnosis and surgical under treatment in younger patients with stage I gastric cancer. J. Surg. Oncol. 2007; 95: 485–490. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.</P>
ROOT CANAL TREATMENT OF A MANDIBULAR SECOND PREMOLAR WITH THREE SEPARATE ROOT CANALS
Lee, Seok-Ryun,Shin, Seol-Hee,Hong, Sung-Ok,Song, Chang-Kyu,Chang, Hoon-Sang,Min, Kyung-San 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.4
Mandibular premolars show a wide variety of root canal anatomy. Especially, the occurrence of three canals with three separate foramina in mandibular second premolars is very rare. This case report describes the root canal treatment of an unusual morphological configuration of the root canal system and supplements previous reports of the existence of such configuration in mandibular second premolar. 하악소구치의 근관형태는 매우 다양하다. 특히, 근단공까지 분리주행하는 세 개의 근관을 갖는 하악 제 2소구치 는 매우 드물다. 본 증례는 하악 제 2소구치의 드문 근관형태를 기술하고, 상기 치아들에서 본 증례와 같이 세 개의 근관이 존재한다는 이전의 연구들을 뒷받침하고 있다.
Sentinel Node Mapping and Skip Metastases in Patients with Early Gastric Cancer
Lee, Sang Eok,Lee, Jun Ho,Ryu, Keun Won,Cho, Soo Jeong,Lee, Jong Yeul,Kim, Chan Gyoo,Choi, Il Ju,Kook, Myung Cherl,Nam, Byung-Ho,Park, Sook Ryun,Lee, Jong Seok,Kim, Young-Woo Springer - Society of Surgical Oncology 2009 Annals of surgical oncology Vol.16 No.3
Lee, Dong Ryun,Hwang, Seok-Ho,Jeon, Sang Kyu,Lee, Chil Won,Lee, Jun Yeob The Royal Society of Chemistry 2015 Chemical communications Vol.51 No.38
<P>Benzofurocarbazole and benzothienocarbazole were used as electron donors of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters and the performances of the TADF devices were examined. The benzofurocarbazole and benzothienocarbazole donor moieties were better than carbazole as the electron donors of the TADF emitters.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>Benzofurocarbazole and benzothienocarbazole were used as electron donors of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters and the performances of the TADF devices were examined. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c5cc01940k'> </P>
Lee, Hyang-Ah,Kim, Hye-Ryun,Lee, Young Jin,Lee, Seung-Joon,Kim, Woo Jin,Han, Seon-Sook,Yang, Se-Ran,Woo, Heung-Myong,Na, Sunghun,Song, Haengseok,Hong, Seok-Ho CSIRO Publishing 2014 Reproduction, fertility, and development Vol.26 No.5
<P> Small proline-rich protein 2a (Sprr2a) is one of the structural components of the cornified keratinocyte cell envelope that contributes to form a protective barrier in the skin against dehydration and environmental stress. Interestingly, Sprr2a mRNA is detected in the mouse uterus and is regulated by 17β-oestradiol (E2). In the present study, we investigated the effects of E2 and oestrogenic compounds on the regulation and localisation of Sprr2a protein in the mouse uterus. Immunohistochemical staining revealed that Sprr2a protein is detected only in the adult uterus, and not in the ovary, oviduct or testis. We also demonstrated that Sprr2a protein is tightly regulated by E2 in the mouse uterus and exclusively detected in luminal and glandular epithelial cells. Furthermore, Sprr2a is dose-dependently induced by oestrogenic compounds such as bisphenol A and 4-tert-octylphenol. Collectively, our studies suggest that Sprr2a protein may have a unique function in physiological events in the mouse uterus and can be used as an indicator to detect compounds with oestrogenic activity in the mouse uterus. </P>
Lee, Choong-kun,Kim, Sora,Lee, Jae Seok,Lee, Jeong Eun,Kim, Sung-moo,Yang, In Seok,Kim, Hye Ryun,Lee, Jeong Ho,Kim, Sangwoo,Cho, Byoung Chul Elsevier 2017 Lung cancer Vol.113 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Objectives</B></P> <P>Despite initial responses to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in EGFR mutant non-small cell lung cancer, patients invariably develop acquired resistance. In this study, we performed next-generation sequencing in pre- and post-EGFR-TKI tumor samples to identify novel resistance mechanisms to EGFR-TKIs.</P> <P><B>Material and methods</B></P> <P>We collected tumor tissues before EGFR-TKI treatment and after progression from 19 NSCLC patients to analyze genomic alterations in 409 cancer related genes. Bioinformatics analyses were used to identify mutations in which the allele frequencies are significantly changed, or newly appeared after progression.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Overall, mutation rates and compositions were similar between pre- and post-EGFR-TKI tumors. We identified EGFR T790M as the most common mechanism of acquired resistance (63.2%). No pre-EGFR-TKI tumor had a preexisting T790M mutation, suggesting that tumors acquired T790M mutations following progression on EGFR-TKIs. Compared to T790M-positive tumors, T790M-negative tumors showed relatively high tumor mutation burden and shorter survival, suggesting T790M-negative patients as a potential candidate for immune checkpoint inhibitors. TP53 mutation was also significantly enriched in the T790M-negative tumors. Finally, we described here for the first time a novel missense mutation (T263P), which occurred concurrently with an activating G719A mutation, in the extracellular domain II of EGFR in a patient with poor response to erlotinib. Ba/F3 cells harboring EGFR T263P/G719A mutation showed higher sensitivity to afatinib, compared to gefitinib due to inhibition of EGFR/HER2 heterodimerization.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Comprehensive genomic analysis of post-EGFR-TKI tumors can provide novel insight into the complex molecular mechanisms of acquired resistance to EGFR-TKIs.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> NGS in paired NSCLC before and after EGFR-TKIs was performed. </LI> <LI> EGFR-TKI resistant T790M (+) NSCLC patients had significantly longer survival. </LI> <LI> Hypermutation/TP53 mutation seem enriched in EGFR-TKI resistant T790M (−) patients. </LI> <LI> Tumor mutation burden seem to be higher in EGFR-TKI resistant T790M (−) patients. </LI> <LI> T263P of EGFR was identified as the de novo mechanism of resistance to EGFR-TKIs. </LI> </UL> </P>