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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : 金鎭鳳(Kim Chin-bong) (검색결과 1 건)
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金鎭鳳(Kim Chin-bong) 백산학회 1970 白山學報 Vol.- No.8
By the insurrection of Chin-ju is meant the peasant revolt that broke out in the Chin-ju(晋州) area of Kyong-sang Province an February 18, 1862 (the thirteenth year in the reign of King Cheol-jong 哲宗, the year of Im-sul 壬戌). This incident, outwardly, may look similar to those other popular uprisings that had taken place occasionally at various localities throughout the first half of the 19th century, but was, inwardly, quite different from them all. By the time of this Chin-ju insurrection things had changed: a revolt could no longer be local but nation-wide, and the situations far more serious and urgent. When the latter half of the 19th century began, agrarian communities of Korea were in chaotic confusion and, as the state treasury kept dwindling, the rural economy was faced with an imminent bankruptcy. Regardless of these critical circumstances, however, the officials in the Chinㆍju area, including Paek Nak-sin(白樂莘), Commandant of South Kyong-sang Province, kept themselvese busy merely filling their private pockets by means of relentless exploitation of the rural populations. They even attempted forcefully to call in at once all the loans of crops, totaling no less than over 52,000 seog(石), under the names of Tong-hwan (統還) and Togyeol (都結), which loans having been no other than an accretion of continued exploitations of the people by successive officials. This attempt at forceful collection touched off an explosion of popular resentment. Yu Gye-chun (柳繼春), the leader of this uprising, sprang up on this occassion to give vent to the furies of the people. He had been a luckless vagrant, but he succeeded in stirring up a revolt of tens of thousands of people, by means of drawing up fool-proof plans before-hand in consultation with a handful of sympathizers. On the second day of their uprising the agrarian insurgents attained their end at one leap, having the tonghwan and Togyeol both abolished. But not entirely satisfied at this success, they now moved by force of circumstances once they had started fights, giving vent to their long-suppressed resentment against those officials, yang-ban (the nobility), and the rich by way murder, incendiarism, and pillage. This insurrection lasted for six days, and during this period four officials were killed and scores were injured. In a total of 23 myeon (rural townships), 126 houses were either burned or damaged and 118 families were looted of money, crops, or other forms of property, these property losses amounting to nearly a hundred thousand yang silver in terms of money. This insurrection came to cease as the insurgents disbanded of themselves on the 23rd of the month. But the royal court in Seoul hurriedly despatched an ‘an-haek-sa’(按覈使-troubleshooter) and replaced the provincial magistrate with another in order to restore order in the area. The an-haek-sa and new magistrate from Seoul tried to remove or correct a variety of social evils, in compliance with the instructions from the central government, but they at the same time arrested and punished the trespassers. Of the insurgents, ten were executed (heads cut off and exposed to the public), 19 banished, 42 clubbed, and 15 others put to other sorts of punishment, while of the officilals eight were banished, five clubbed, four removed from office and five put to other sorts of punishment. After March of the same year popular revolts broke out all over the country, the number of vicitimized areas totaling no less than 34. Thus, the insurrection of Chin-ju has a particular significance in that it served as the motive power behind the popular revolt of the year of Im-sul a gigantic popular movement of historical import.
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