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황만성 ( Man Sung Hwang ),한동운 ( Dong Woon Han ) 한국보건행정학회 2004 보건행정학회지 Vol.14 No.3
Recently, human embryonic stem cell research raises exciting public expectation on medical possibilities as well as ethical debate. Embryo management has become an integral part of the management of infertility treatment, researches on embryo and human embryonic stem cells and so on. Britain has permitted the research on stem cells derived from human embryo which made the first nation to allow the cloning of human embryo for the stem cell research. However, new technologies such as the assisted reproductive technologies and human embryonic stem cell research continue to pose an increasing source of ethical dilemmas for physician, scientists, legislators, religious authorities and the general publics to deal with. None the less, the United Kingdom has adopted the most liberal policies regarding human embryo and human embryonic stem cell research. The implication of the British embryo management system are as follows: 1) the development of reproductive technologies and new stem cell research technologies continue to pose legal and ethical debates, since those involve several parties; 2) the UK has taken the legal and institutional approaches to cope with those serious issues; 3) the UK adopted most liberal policies regarding embryonic and human embryonic stem cell researches; 4) the British HFE Act is consistent with the existing Acts related to human embryo management and researches; 5) through amending the HFE Act to accomodate the changes of technologies, the UK try to minimize the legal and ethical burden on undertaking research regarding embryo. The debates about the researches on human embryo and human embryonic stem cells is likely to continue in the Korean society. Because of the controversy and competing ethical values, as well as the evolving technologies, so far no consensus exists in our society. It suggest that it is premature to bring closure by ruling out any particular approaches. Thus our society needs to make an efforts to find a basis which could resolve the societal controversies through enriching the societal conversation about the profound ethical issues regarding embryo management.
황만성(Hwang, Man-Seong) 한국형사정책학회 2012 刑事政策 Vol.24 No.1
As criminal investigation utilizing scientific theories and techniques continues to develop, criminal trials are more dependent on forensic evidence. One of the key points in crime scene investigation is to ensure the procedural integrity by maintaining and documenting the chronological history of the evidence. Damage to the evidence most frequently occurs during the transition between the crime scene and the laboratory. The chain of custody should be maintained from the moment of collection at the crime scene to the moment of presentation at the court to avoid evidentiary issues. To ensure the admissibility of evidence, the police should confirm the procedural integrity of the evidence by showing that the physical evidence is collected at the crime scene, that the evidence is relevant to the crime at issue, and that no fabrication or contamination has occurred from the crime scene to the court. In the "2007no88"case, the Appeal Court denied the chain of custody. The suggests to maintain the chain of custody and to ensure the procedural integrity are as below. It is needed (1) to build up consistent and reasonable standard to review the validity of scientific methods in everyday trials; (2) to establish research culture in Korea for the purpose of securing the accuracy and objectivity of forensic evidence; (3) to accentuate the experts' roles in setting forth the standard to test scientific validity and error rates, (and thus) boosting peer review, providing education programs and guidelines for lab analysts, and supplying courts with precise information on forensic evidence.