21세기를 위한 초등 영어 교육

홍진옥 팬코리아영어교육학회(구 영남영어교육학회) 1997 영어교육연구 Vol.7 No.1

조기 영어 교수법

홍진옥 인제대학교 1996 仁濟論叢 Vol.12 No.2

정부 영어 사 교육 대책의 문제점과 바람직한 방향

홍진옥 인제대학교 2010 仁濟論叢 Vol.25 No.1

초등학교 조기 영어 교육의 지도 방향 및 수업전략

홍진옥 인제대학교 1996 仁濟論叢 Vol.12 No.1

초등 영어 몰입 교육정책 재검토가 필요하다

홍진옥 인제대학교 2008 仁濟論叢 Vol.23 No.1

영어요청 화행의 공손성 책략에 관한 비교연구

홍진옥 인제대학교 인문사회과학연구소 2000 인문사회과학논총 Vol.7 No.1

This study investigates how the social variables interact with the discernment aspects in the students' polite linguistic usages. The research aims to verify the following hypothesis: the differences between English requests of Korean students of English and those of American students can be partly caused by the discernment aspect of Korean deference. Korean students' preferences for indirectness to directness may be mainly influenced by Korean language use and social variables. Based on an one year theoretical study, the researcher compared and contrasted the use of politeness strategies between Korean and American group by the method of MAQ. The taxonomy presented in the study is solely based on individual research pertaining to this study: direct, indirect and most indirect level including twelve request strategies. The categories of the most indirect request are based on the norm verified from the result of the previous research: Korean deference emphasizes implicitness. The results suggest that the Korean students place high value on age, power, sex and familiarity, while American students regard these variables equally. Korean learners are directly influenced by Korean hierarchy. This evidence relates to all situations. Regarding the power variable, the Korean group applied a substantially higher politeness to a superior than to a subordinate. On the contrary, American group chose invariant politeness responding to the power and age variables. Relating to the familiarity variable, unfamiliarity takes precedence over familiarity. This phenomenon was commonly found in all five situations. From the result, it can be inferred that extending influences such as Confucianism may be existent in the mind of Korean students'. Contrastively, American students are not influenced by these variables. On the other hand, concerning the gender variable, results signify that Korean students favor politeness strategies which may be influenced by the Western ideas of feminism. In short, from the result, it may be concluded that Korea is a vertical and hierarchical society. However America is an egalitarian and horizontal society. Consequently, the experiments of this study seem to manifest that politeness strategies can be significantly influenced by the discernment of a respective country. In the researcher's opinion, the study of pragmatic linguistic use should be investigated relative to social value and discernment.

『寒皐觀外史』本 『石潭日記』 고찰

홍진옥 한국한문학회 2022 韓國漢文學硏究 Vol.- No.84

The present article analyzes in details Seokdamilgi(石潭日記) by Yulgok(栗谷) Yi I(李珥), included in the Hangogwanoesa(寒皐觀外史) of the Yasachongseo(野史叢書) edited by Kim Ryeo(金鑢) in the 19th century, to review the value and status. Seokdamilgi has highly valuable as historical materials, since it is a detailed record of the political and social history in the late 16th century and it contains the views of Yi I, the great scholar of the time. However, among the different version of Seokdamilgi, the Hangogwanoesa version has never been mentioned in the academic community. Considering that Hangogwanoesa is a representative collection of the unofficial history of the last Joseon Dynasty and that the editor Kim Ryeo compared different versions of the book and left his comments and signature on the book, the individual unofficial histories included in the collection need to be analyzed in details. Beginning with the critical mind, the present article thoroughly reviews Seokdamilgi of the Hangogwanoesa version, focusing on the records left by the editor Kim Ryeo. The features of the literature are summarized below. First, Kim Ryeo established the status of Seokdamilgi as the best literature among the unofficial history of Korea. He basically gave high value on unofficial history as a material for objectively restore the past. Among the many books of unofficial history, he mentioned Seokdamilgi as the best literature that has a status equivalent to the official history. He explained the reason that Seokdamilgi originated with the authentic historical books, such as Chunchu(春秋) and Tonggamjeolyogangmok(通鑑節要綱目), and thus has an established system, and that the sentences are clear and concise. In summary, Seokdamilgi of the Hangogwanoesa version is significant because the editor Kim Ryeo systematically and logically proved the value of Seokdamilgi after reviewing the numerous unofficial history books available until the early 19th century. Second, the editor Kim Ryeo gathered different versions of Seokdamilgi as many as possible, selected versions of good conditions, and used one of them as the reference version. After that, he edited the text by comparing the reference version with other versions, including the Gyeongyeonilgi(經筵日記) of the Yulgokjeonseo(栗谷全書) version. Before incorporating the unofficial history to Hangogwanoesa, he compared many different versions to prepare an original version. He compared Seokdamilgi with at least 4 different versions, and left, at different parts of the book, the results of the comparison and his own comments about the main text. That is the unique significance of Seokdamilgi of the Hangogwanoesa version. 본고는 김려가 19세기에 편찬한 野史叢書 『寒皐觀外史』에 실려 있는 栗谷 李珥의 『石潭日記』를 자세하게 분석함으로써 그 가치와 위상을 살펴본 것이다. 『석담일기』는 16세기 후반의 정치ㆍ사회사가 소상하게 기록되어 있을 뿐만 아니라 대학자 이이의 견해를 엿볼 수 있다는 점에서 史料로서 가치가 크지만, 『석담일기』의 다양한 이본 가운데 『한고관외사』본은 지금까지 학계에서 전혀 언급된 바가 없다. 『한고관외사』는 조선 후기의 야사 총서를 대표하는 문헌이라는 점, 여기에는 편찬자 金鑢가 교감을 하고 주석을 달았으며 題後를 남겼다는 점에서 이 야사 총서에 수록된 개별 야사는 자세하게 분석될 필요가 있다. 이와 같은 문제의식에서 본고는 『한고관외사』본 『석담일기』를 편찬자 김려가 남긴 기록을 중심으로 면밀히 고찰하였다. 그 결과 해당 문헌이 지닌 특징은 다음과 같이 정리할 수 있다. 첫째, 우리나라 野史 가운데 가장 뛰어난 문헌으로서 『석담일기』의 위상을 정립했다는 점이다. 김려는 기본적으로 과거를 객관적으로 복원할 자료로서 야사에 중요한 가치를 부여하였는데, 수많은 야사 가운데에서 正史와 대등한 지위를 지니는 우리나라의 가장 훌륭한 문헌으로서 『석담일기』를 손꼽았다. 그 이유로 『석담일기』가 『춘추』와 『통감절요강목』 등 정통 역사서에 기원하여 체제가 완비되어 있고 의리가 절엄하며, 문장은 더욱 명백하고 간결하기 때문이라고 하였다. 요컨대 『한고관외사』본 『석담일기』는 편찬자 김려가 19세기 초반까지의 수많은 야사를 섭렵한 위에서 『석담일기』의 가치를 체계적이고 논리적으로 입증했다는 점에서 의미가 있다. 둘째, 편찬자 김려가 『석담일기』의 여러 이본을 최대한 수합하여 善本을 비정하여 이를 저본으로 삼고 『율곡전서』본 『경연일기』를 비롯한 여타 이본과 비교ㆍ대조한 교감본이라는 점이다. 김려는 『한고관외사』에 야사를 편입하기 이전에, 다양한 이본을 비교ㆍ대조함으로써 定本을 만들고자 하였다. 『석담일기』의 경우 적어도 4종 이상의 이본에 대해 교감을 행하였으며, 곳곳에 교감의 결과 및 본문의 내용에 대한 자신의 견해를 자세하게 남겨놓고 있는바, 여기에서 『한고관외사』본 『석담일기』의 고유한 의미를 찾을 수 있다.

한국 영어 공교육 무엇이 문제인가? 학교 현장 실용 영어 교육 실태와 공교육 강화방안

홍진옥 인제대학교 2007 仁濟論叢 Vol.22 No.1

초등 영어 교육의 실태와 개선 방안 : 부산 지역을 중심으로 A questionnaire survey study based on Busan area

홍진옥 인제대학교 2003 仁濟論叢 Vol.18 No.1

Since the primary school English education program started in 1997, tremendous effort has been made by elementary school teachers and administrators in order to make it a success. The aim of the present paper is to investigate how elementary English education has been carried out in local schools. The research presented here has focused on various fields in education: teaching materials, allotment of hours in English teaching, field trips, teachers English speaking ability and confidence when teaching English types of classroom activities, and school curriculum. In the experiment, the researcher used a questionnaire of 50 items, which included various sectors of English education as shown in the appendix. For empirical methodology, the researcher used a one way frequency table for variables, which simply names the variable in the TABLE statements. The value of the variable is numeric (number of respondents corresponding to each question). The subjects participating in the questionnaires are 320 primary school teachers based in Pusan city: 160 respondents were working at primary schools and 108 were attending teacher-in-service training during the summer vacation. Their responses in the questionnaires were analyzed by using a one-way frequency table. My findings indicate that English education is progressing in the right direction. However several unfavorable observations were noted including a shortage of qualified teachers, the inefficiency of teacher-in-service training, inadequate teaching materials and insufficient time spent in teaching resulting from excessive official duties and other responsibilities. A teacher's poor speaking ability and excessive office duties were main obstacles contributing to these problems: there are conflicts between the Korean educational system and the present situation in schools. Most importantly, the curriculum provided by the Ministry of Education has dismissed the importance of the creative and conversation oriented English lesson and has ignored its relevancy. Primary school teachers have been affected by the lack of time for creative English lessons because they have been required to spend numerous amounts of time in other official duties other than teaching students. Unless teachers have a strong conviction and possess an aggressive attitude toward renovating classroom activities and teaching methods, the primary school English education program of Korea will not progress. Both government and school administrators should not forego well-funded support they could offer the Korean English education program. In particular, the government should provide local schools with strong budgets. Finally, teachers should assert a strong sense of duty and responsibility to help improve the current situation.

관련성 이론의 수용성에 관한 고찰

홍진옥 인제대학교 1998 仁濟論叢 Vol.14 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to highlight problems of conversational implicature and to emphasize the needs to introduce relerance theory at the same time. The meanings of utterances have various interpretations depending on situational contexts. Therefore, the cooperative principles and maxims of Grice's theory can not explain on all situations. Furthemore, Grice's maxims are only reasonable and rational relative to a given culture, community or state of affairs. Concerning this, Keenan asserted that the Malagasy republic participants regularly provide less information than is required by their conversational partner, eventhough they have access to the necessary information. The strong defects of Grice's maxims are the inability to explain culture specific or particular events which can be applied to special occasions. The Relevance Theory claims that the principle of relevance is enough to explain how linguistic form and situational contexts interact to determine meaning interpretation. This theory extends the range of interpretations of all kinds of utterances any other theories because of its wide applicability.