Effects of Konjac, Isolated Soy Protein, and Egg Albumin on Quality Properties of Semi-dried Chicken Jerky

한두정,최지훈,최윤상,김학연,김시영,김현욱,정혜경,김천제 한국축산식품학회 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.2

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of adding various humectants (konjac, egg albumin, and isolated soy protein) on the properties of semi-dried chicken jerky. Jerky samples were prepared as follows: control with no humectants and treatments with 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2% of added humectants. Adding the humectants influenced the increase in pH, processing yields, moisture contents, water activity, mechanical tenderness, and sensorial properties (tenderness, juiciness, and overall acceptability) of chicken jerky. Additionally, the konjac treatment most improved the yields, tenderness, and sensorial traits, among the humectant treatments tested. Furthermore, adding 0.1% konjac during jerky manufacture resulted in similar quality properties as adding 0.2% konjac.

Effects of Hot Boning and Soy Sauce on the Processing Properties of Semi-dried Beef Jerky

한두정,이의수,이시경,김천제 한국축산식품학회 2011 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.31 No.4

The objective of this study was to examine the effect of hot-boning and soy sauce as a curing agent on the processing properties of beef jerky. Beef jerky was prepared under the following four treatment conditions; Beef jerky with cold-boned beef and salt solution, beef jerky with cold-boned beef and soy sauce solution, beef jerky with hot-boned beef and salt solution,and beef jerky with hot-boned beef and soy sauce solution. Cured meat and jerky containing hot-boned beef had a significantly higher pH, water holding capacity (WHC), moisture content, Myofibrillar fragmentation index (MFI), processing yields, tenderness, and sensorial scores than samples containing cold-boned beef (p<0.05). Regardless of the raw materials,the jerky containing soy sauce had a significantly lower pH, WHC, moisture content, salt content, TBA, CIE L* and b*-values, and significantly higher MFI, mechanical tenderness, and sensorial scores (p<0.05). Based on these findings, we concluded that the use of hot-boned meat and soy sauce was the most effective boning method and curing agent during beef jerky processing.

보습제 종류와 첨가수준이 돈육 육포의 품질특성에 미치는 영향

한두정,정종연,최지훈,최윤상,김학연,이미애,이의수,백현동,김천제,Han, Doo-Jeong,Jeong, Jong-Youn,Choi, Ji-Hun,Choi, Yun-Sang,Kim, Hack-Youn,Lee, Mi-Ai,Lee, Eui-Soo,Paik, Hyun-Dong,Kim, Cheon-Je 한국축산식품학회 2008 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.28 No.4

We investigated the quality properties of pork jerky prepared with various humectants (Konjac, egg albumin, isolated soy protein). Jerky was prepared as follows; control with no humectants, treatments with 0.05, 0.1, and 0.2% humectants, respectively. Humectant treatments had higher drying yields of pork jerky than the control (p<0.05), Konjac treatment produced the the highest drying yields among the humectants tested. CIE a-and b-value were lowest in isolated soy protein treatments. b-value in 0.2% egg albumin treatments were higher than other treatments (p<0.05). Jerky water content increased as humectant content increased. Water activity (Aw) in 0.2% Konjac treatments was higher than controls and 0.05% Konjac (p<0.05). In textual profile evaluations, control samples had greater hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness values than other treatments, but very low springiness (p<0.05). Control had significantly (p<0.05) lower scores than the other treatments in sensorial texture, juiciness and overall acceptability. Based on our findings, we conclude that 0.05% Konjac was the most effective humectant among those we tested in this study.

건조조건이 돈육 육포의 품질특성에 미치는 영향

한두정,정종연,최지훈,최윤상,김학연,이미애,이의수,백현동,김천제,Han, Doo-Jeong,Jeong, Jong-Youn,Choi, Ji-Hun,Choi, Yun-Sang,Kim, Hack-Youn,Lee, Mi-Ae,Lee, Eui-Soo,Paik, Hyun-Dong,Kim, Cheon-Jei 한국축산식품학회 2007 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.27 No.1

본 연구는 후지를 이용하여 다양한 건조방법에 의해 제조된 육포의 품질특성을 측정하여 가장 적합하고 안전하게 섭취할 수 있는 육포의 제조조건을 확립하기 위해 실시하였다. 대조구가 다른 처리구들에 비해 유의적으로 낮은 수분함량 및 수분활성도와 높은 TBA값을 나타내었다. 또한, 건조조건에 따른 육포의 색도를 비교한 결과, 명도(lightness)를 나타내는 $L^*$-값은 T1처리구가 T2처리구에 비하여 유의적으로 낮게 나타났으며, 적색도(redness)를 나타내는 $a^*$-값은 대조구가 다른 처리구에 비하여 가장 높게 나타났고, 황색도(yellowness)를 나타내는 $b^*$-값은 T2처리구가 유의적으로 높은 값을 보였다. 건조수율 측정 결과, T2처리구가 가장 높은 수율을 나타내어(p<0.05), 최종제품의 수율 측면에서는 T2처리구의 건조방법이 가장 효과적인 건조방법으로 사료되었다. 각 육포의 물성측정 결과, 대조구가 다른 처리구들에 비해 가장 높은 hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, chewiness값과 가장 낮은 springiness값을 나타내었으며(p<0.05), 관능평가에서는 대조구가 모든 항목에서 유의적으로 낮은 평가를 받았다. 육포의 건조단계별 총균수의 변화를 비교한 결과, T2처리구가 건조초기와 후기에 가장 적은 총균수를 나타내었으며, 각 처리구별 최종 육포제품의 총균수는 $10^3$ CFU/g 미만이었다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 초기에 고온으로 처리한 후 단계적으로 온도를 저하시킨 T2처리구의 건조방법이 가장 효과적인 것으로 사료된다. We investigated the properties of pork jerky prepared under various drying conditions. Drying conditions were control ($80^{\circ}C$/210 min), T1 ($55^{\circ}C/60 min\to65^{\circ}C/60 min\to72^{\circ}C/90 min$), and T2 ($72^{\circ}C/90 min\to65^{\circ}C/60 min\to55^{\circ}C/60 min$), respectively. Water content and water activity ($a_w$) were the lowest in control, while TBA values were the highest among all groups (p<0.05). CIE $L^*$-value in T1 was significantly (p<0.05) lower than in T2 and CIE $a^*$-value showed significantly (p<0.05) the highest in control. CIE $b^*$-value in T2 were significantly higher (p<0.05) compared to the other treatments. Drying yields of pork jerky showed the lowest values in controls but highest in T2 jerky. In textual profile evaluations, control samples had greater hardness, cohesiveness, gumminess, and chewiness values than the other treatments, but springiness values were the lowest (p<0.05). Controls had significantly (p<0.05) lower scores than the other treatments in all sensorial traits. Total bacterial counts in T2 were the lowest during drying process. Based on our findings, we conclude that T2 conditions provided the most effective drying process.

Effect of Tenderizer on Physical Quality and Microbial Safety during Korean Beef Jerky Production

김현욱,한두정,김천제,백현동,Kim, Hyoun-Wook,Han, Doo-Joung,Kim, Cheon-Jei,Paik, Hyun-Dong Korean Society for Food Science of Animal Resource 2008 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.28 No.5

The physical quality and microbial safety of Korean beef jerky was evaluated at various steps during its preparation. Microbial counts in raw beef demonstrated mesophillic bacteria at 4.20 Log CFU/g, psychrotrophic bacteria at 3.85 Log CFU/g, anaerobic bacteria at 4.90 Log CFU/g, and yeast and molds at 1.92 Log CFU/g. Spore-forming bacteria and coliforms were not detected in raw beef samples. Spices and spiced meats showed similar trends in microbial counts, demonstrating minimal microbial contamination during these stages of preparation. The final beef jerky product exhibited counts of mesophillic bacteria at 1.15-1.66 Log CFU/g, psychrotrophic bacteria at 1.15-1.66 Log CFU/g, and anaerobic bacteria at 0.81-1.72 Log CFU/g. Spore-forming bacteria, yeast and molds, and coliforms were not detected in beef jerky. Significant differences from added ingredients occurred for instron textural profile analysis traits for hardness. In general, Korean beef jerky with humectant and tenderizer had lower hardness than control (without humectant and tenderizer). Also, the sample added with 0.01% protease from Streptomyces griseus had lower hardness than all samples. All samples had 0.7l to 0.72 water activities, and the color and pH were not shown in significant changes of all samples.

열풍건조한 김치 분말이 저지방 소시지의 품질 특성에 미치는 영향

이미애,한두정,최지훈,최윤상,김학연,정종연,백현동,김천제,Lee, Mi-Ai,Han, Doo-Jeong,Choi, Ji-Hun,Choi, Yun-Sang,Kim, Hack-Youn,Jeong, Jong-Youn,Paik, Hyun-Dong,Kim, Cheon-Jei 한국축산식품학회 2008 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.28 No.2

본 연구는 열풍 건조한 김치분말을 저지방 소시지에 0, 1, 2, 및 3 %로 첨가하여 돈육 유화물과 소시지의 품질특성을 조사하여 김치분말을 이용한 육제품의 활용성에 대한 연구를 실시하였다 김치분말의 낮은 pH의 영향으로 저지방 소시지의 pH를 저하시켰고 CIE L값을 낮추고, CIE a값과 CIE b 값을 증가시켰다(p<0.05). 김치분말의 수분흡수력의 영향으로 가열수율과 유화안정성을 증가시켰으며 점도 또한 증가시켜 3%의 김치분말을 첨가한 저지방 처리구가 대조구와 유사한 결과를 나타내었다. 또한 관능검사에서도 우수한 평가를 받아 열풍건조 김치분말의 활용은 고품질의 기능성 소시지를 개발하는데 유용한 식품 소재가 될 것으로 보인다.

Effects of Reheating Conditions and Sodium Chloride/Phosphate Levels on Color Characteristics of Precooked Pork Patties

최지훈,최윤상,한두정,김학연,이미애,김시영,이주운,정종연,김천제 한국축산식품학회 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.4

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of reheating methods on the color characteristics of precooked pork patties with various NaCl and phosphate levels. NaCl/phosphate levels for each formulation were as follows; N1 (1% NaCl),N1+P (1% NaCl+0.3% phosphate), N2 (2% NaCl), and N2+P (2% NaCl+0.3% phosphate). The reheating methods used were by electric grill and microwave oven. The surface color of the patties reheated by microwave showed more brown and less-intense red, and the phosphate-treated patties reheated by microwave were more reddish and less brownish. With increased amounts of added NaCl and phosphate, the internal color of patties was more reddish, and the phosphate-treated patties reheated by microwave had more brown than those reheated by electric grill. Among all of the treatments, there were no significant differences in surface color, internal color, and overall appearance. Thus, the color changes in reheated patties were influenced by reheating methods and phosphate.

한국형 고추장 양념 돈육포의 미생물학적, 이화학적 및 관능적 품질 특성

김현욱,이경아,한두정,김천제,백현동,Kim, Hyoun-Wook,Lee, Kyoung-Ah,Han, Doo-Jeong,Kim, Cheon-Jei,Paik, Hyun-Dong 한국축산식품학회 2007 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.27 No.3

본 연구는 육포를 실온조건과 가속조건 하에서 저장하면서 육포의 양념, 포장조건과 환경조건에 따른 육포의 미생물균수의 변화와 이화학적 품질의 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 실시하였다. 육포 저장중의 일반세균수는 실온조건 저장과 가속조건 저장 모두에서 큰 변화가 없었고, 대장균군과 B. cereus는 전 저장기간 동안 검출되지 않았다. 저장기간 동안의 이화학적 특성은 점차 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 모든 육포에서의 관능검사는 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 점차적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 가속조건에서 전체적인 기호도는 육포의 상품성이 없어지는 시점을 5라고 했을 경우 28일째에 5.54의 값을 나타내었다. 실온조건 저장의 경우 전체적인 기호도는 7.13으로 우수한 관능검사 성적을 나타내었다. 따라서 본 실험의 결과를 통해 새롭게 개발한 한국형 고추장 양념 돈육포는 미생물학적인 안전성이 우수하고, 이화학적 품질과 관능적 품질이 비교적 우수한 육포라고 판단하였다. The aim of this study was to evaluate the microbial safety and quality changes of Korean sliced pork jerky, and to investigate these properties over 90 days and 28 days of storage at room temperature $(25^{\circ}C)$ and elevated temperature $(35^{\circ}C)$. Based on the microbial counts of pork jerky, mesophilic bacteria were detected at 2.50 log CFU/g at day 0. The mesophilic bacterial count did not change significantly for all samples, and coliform bacteria and Bacillus cereus were not detected in any samples during storage at either $25^{\circ}C\;or\;35^{\circ}C$. The following physicochemical qualities were also investigated: TBA value, Aw, and pH. In the case of $25^{\circ}C$ storage, the Aw of Korean sliced pork jerky was 0.72 at day 0, and was reduced to 0.58 after 90 days of storage. The TBA value increased as the storage time increased, and was 0.52 after 90 days of storage. The pH of all samples did not change significantly. In the case of $35^{\circ}C$ storage, the TBA, Aw, and pH values were not significantly different from those obtained during $25^{\circ}C$ storage. In addition, the sensory properties of all samples were not significantly different between storage at the two temperatures. In conclusion, these results suggest Korean sliced pork jerky could be used to study the development of commercial pork jerky.

Effects of Chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) Peel Powder on Quality Characteristics of Chicken Emulsion Sausages

최윤상,최지훈,한두정,김학연,이미애,김현욱,송동헌,이주운,김천제 한국축산식품학회 2010 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.30 No.5

Sausages were prepared with fresh chicken breast meat and pork back fat, and formulated with different amounts of added chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) peel and ice water to study the effect on the products. The chicken emulsion sausages formulated with 1%, 2%, and 3% added chestnut peel powder were higher in moisture and ash content, and lower in energy values. The cooking loss, emulsion stability, and viscosity of the sausages were improved by the addition of chestnut peel. The fat content, pH, lightness, hardness, and springiness of the chicken emulsion sausage decreased as the amount of chestnut peel levels increased. The chicken emulsion sausages containing 1% and 3% chestnut peel had a higher overall acceptability than the control.

한국형 슬라이스 우육포의 미생물학적, 이화학적 및 관능적 품질특성 평가

김현욱,이은경,한두정,최지훈,김천제,백현동,Kim, Hyoun-Wook,Lee, Eun-Kyung,Han, Doo-Jeong,Choi, Ji-Hun,Kim, Cheon-Jei,Paik, Hyun-Dong 한국축산식품학회 2007 한국축산식품학회지 Vol.27 No.1

본 연구는 한국형 슬라이스 육포를 실온조건과 가속조건 하에서 저장하면서 육포의 형태와 조미한 양념과 환경조건에 따른 육포의 미생물 균수의 변화와 이화학적 품질의 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 실시하였다. 육포 저장 중의 일반세균수는 실온조건 저장과 가속조건 저장 모두에서 큰 변화가 없었고, 대장균군과 B. cereus는 검출되지 않았다. 저장기간 동안의 이화학적 특성은 점차 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 관능검사의 결과 저장기간이 길어짐에 따라 점차적으로 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 가속조건에서 종합적인 기호도는 육포의 상품성이 없어지는 시점을 5라고 했을 경우 28일째에 5.3의 값을 나타내었다. 실온조건저장의 경우 종합적인 기호도는 6.3정도로 우수한 관능검사 성적을 나타내었다. 따라서, 본 실험의 결과를 종합해 볼 때 새롭게 개발한 한국형 슬라이스 육포는 미생물적 안전성이 우수하고, 이화학적 품질과 관능적 품질이 우수하며, 장기간 저장할 수 있는 우수한 품질의 육포라고 판단된다. We evaluated the microbial safety and quality characteristics of Korean slice beef jerky, and investigated these properties over 28-day and 90-day storage periods at room temperature ($25^{\circ}C$) and elevated temperature ($35^{\circ}C$). After microbial counts of all samples, mesophilic bacteria were detected at 1.23 Log CFU/g at day 0. Counts of mesophilic bacteria did not change significantly in all samples, and coliforms and Bacillus cereus were not detected in all samples during storage at either $25^{\circ}C$ or $35^{\circ}C$. TBA values, Aw, and pH were investigated. The Aw of korean slice beef jerky stored at room temperature was 0.71 at day 0, and was reduced to 0.61 after 90 days. The TBA value increased as storage time increased, and its TBA value was 0.48 after 90 days of storage. The pH of all samples did not change significantly. At $35^{\circ}C$ storage, TBA values, Aw, pH were not significantly different than those stored at $25^{\circ}C$. Also, the sensory properties of all samples were not significantly different between two storage temperatures. In conclusion, these results suggest Koran slice beef jerky ould be used as basic study for development of the commercial beef jerky.