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한기원 ( Ki Won Han ) 한국과학사학회 2013 한국과학사학회지 Vol.35 No.2
Until the mid-nineteenth century, marine sciences developed in a discontinuous manner because stable economic support for that expensive scientific venture was often impossible. It was the marine biological stations that flourished in Europe and the United States that eventually provided a home for marine scientists. In the United States, as well as in Europe, various marine biological stations were built on both coasts that formed a “magnificent chain of biological stations.” The stations that constituted the great chain differed from one another in their characters. For example, the Marine Biological Laboratory at Woods Hole, which was the largest of all American biological stations, tended to be geared more and more towards laboratory biology. Biologists belonging to a more naturalist, field-science tradition often favored a number of stations, mostly of modest scale, located here and there throughout the coastal regions. This paper explores the early history of American marine biological stations, and tries to reconsider the historiography of the biological stations.
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한기원(HAN Ki Won) 大韓醫史學會 2010 醫史學 Vol.19 No.2
Claude Bernard, a French physiologist in the nineteenth century, strove to establish experimental physiology as a medical branch and scientific field. In 1854, he started his lecture series on general physiology at the Paris Faculty of Sciences, which was continued at the National Museum of Natural History since 1869 when Bernard’s chair was transferred from the Faculty to the Museum. At the Museum, Bernard titled his lecture series the “Phenomena of Life Common to Animals and Plants,” which revealed the main characteristic of his general physiology. At that time, physiology was generally considered a medical science which dealt only with the human body. Bernard, on the other hand, came to have the idea that physiology could study the functions of plant, animal, and human bodies in the same manner. Bernard’s lectures on general physiology had two distinct phases. At Sorbonne, general physiology was a rather speculative theoretical system. It was mainly because of the fact that he did not have a laboratory at the Faculty of Sciences. There, the lecture dealt only with animal functions, and he had no concern for plant physiology at all. After he moved to the Museum, significant changes occurred. In the new laboratory, general physiology was transformed into a truly experimental science, which dealt with both animals and plants. Protoplasm, a physiological basic unit, replaced tissue, which was basically an anatomical unit that fell short of explaining physiological phenomena. The Museum of Natural History played an important role in this transformation. At the museum, zoologists, botanists, and physiologists worked together, and the peculiar natural history tradition of the institution enabled scientists to study animals and plants at the same time. Although there existed some conflicts between experimentalists and naturalists, Bernard could wisely figure out the problem by asserting that the role of a physiologist was to disclose, by experimentation, the fundamental principles that lay behind the superficial facts of life that were already discovered by natural historians. At the Museum, Bernard could break down the distinction between the animal and plant kingdoms in the domain of experimental physiology, and it can perhaps be considered a step toward the formation of the general science of biology.
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한기원(Ki Won Han),이수원(Soo Won Lee),한광수(Koang Soo Han),이대진(Dae Jin Lee),이병의(Byung Eui Lee),장원철(Won Cheoul Jang) 한국독성학회 2003 Toxicological Research Vol.19 No.2
We investigated antitumor activities of the ethanol extract from mushroom Phellinus linteus and Phellinus baumii on mulberry, oak and elm. In vitro test, the ethanol extract of mushroom cultivated on oak of Phellinus linteus showed highest activities about SK-OV-3, HCT15, XF498, SKMEL-2 and A549. SK-OV-3 cell line showed 100% cytotoxicity in 100 mg/ml and HCT15 (98.39%), XF498 (89.62%), SK-MEL-2 (84.07%) and A549 (79.92%) cytotoxicity respectively. Also IC50 showed 3.99 ㎍/ml to SK-OV-3 cell line and HCT15 (4.37 ㎍/ml), A549 (5.48 ㎍/ml), SK-MEL-2 (6.72 ㎍/ml), XF 498 (6.88 ㎍/ml). As those results, cultivated oak of Phellinus linteus showed a very low IC50 value against SK-OV-3, HCT15, XF498, SK-MEL-2 and A549 cancer cell lines.
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65세 이상 노인에서 대장 용종의 특성 및 용종 절제술의 시행률
한기원(Gi-won Han),유병욱(Byung-wook Yoo),조용진(Yong-jin Cho),오정은(Jung-eun Oh),홍성호(Sung-ho Hong),조주연(Choo-yon Cho) 대한임상노인의학회 2009 대한임상노인의학회지 Vol.10 No.2
연구배경: 대장암의 유병률 및 사망률은 65세 이상의 노인에서 증가가 두드러지며, 선종성 대장용종의 유병률도 증가한다. 대장용종을 발견하고 제거함으로써 대장암 사망률을 감소시킬 수 있다고 알려져 있음에도 여러 이유로 제대로 시행되지 못하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 65세 이상 노인 환자를 대상으로 대장내시경 검사를 통해 발견되는 용종의 특징과 용종 절제술의 시행률에 대하여 알아보고자 한다. 방법: 2003년 1월 1일부터 2007년 12월 31일까지 서울 소재 한 대학병원 건강검진센터를 방문하여 대장내시경을 시행 받은 무증상 65세 이상의 노인들 중 대장암으로 진단된 경우와 대장내시경을 끝까지 마치지 못해 임상적 의미가 없었던 경우, 과거 대장 용종을 진단받았던 경우를 제외한 202명을 대상으로 환자들의 임상적 특성과 혈압, 혈당, 중성 지방, 고밀도 콜레스테롤 등을 조사하여 대장용종과의 관련성에 대해 알아보고 이들에서 발견된 용종의 수, 위치, 조직학적 특성과 발견된 용종에 대한 용종제거술의 시행률 및 시행 시까지 걸린 기간을 조사하였다. 결과: 대장 용종은 65.8% (133명)의 유병율을 보였으며, 75.2%에서 2개 이상의 용종이 발견되었고, 좌측(42,9%)에 더 많이 분포 하였다. 조직학적으로 79.2%가 신생물성 용종이였다. 용종군은 비용종군과 비교해 유의한 임상적 차이가 없었으나 대사증후군 진단 기준을 만족하는 개수가 늘어날수록 대장용종의 유병률이 증가하였다. 용종 절제술은 54.1%에서 시행되었으며 시행하기까지 걸린 기간은 평균 244일로 진단 후 6개월 이후가 36.1%로 가장 많았다. 결론: 65세 이상 노인에서 54.1%의 대장 용종절제술 시행률은 대장암의 유병률과 사망률에 비춰볼 때 높은 빈도라고 생각하기 어려우며, 시행 시기도 6개월 이후가 36.1%로 가장 높은 비율을 차지하고 있어 대장용종 절제술을 보다 적극적으로 시행할 필요가 있다. Background: Prevalence and mortality rates of colon cancer and adenomatous polyps is increased in the elderly. Although removal of colon polyps is known to decrease the mortality rate of colon cancer, various reasons prevent its widespread practice. This paper studies the characteristics of colon polyps and rate of polypectomy in the elderly. Methods: 202 asymptomatic patients over 65 who underwent colonoscopy at a University hospital health examination center from January, 2003 to December, 2007 were selected, excluding those with colon cancer, incomplete colonoscopy, and history of colon polyps. Various clinical characteristics and serum chemistry levels were analyzed for association to colon polyps and the number, location, histology of polyps, whether colonoscopy was performed and the interval until treatment was measured. Results: Colon polyps showed a prevalence rate of 65.8% and 75.2% were multiple. Polyps in the descending colon were more common (42.9%) and 79.2% were neoplastic. The polyp group had no significant differences compared to the controls but the prevalence increased as more diagnotic criteria for metabolic syndrome was fulfilled. Colon polypectomy was done in 54.1% and the average interval was 244 days, with over 6 months being the most common (36.1%). Conclusion: In the elderly, colon polypectomy in 54.1% of the cases is not high enough compared to the prevalence and mortality rate of colon cancer. Also, interval to polypectomy was over 6 months in 36.1% of the cases, bidding for more aggressive treatment.
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한기원 ( Han Ki Won ),오재원 ( Oh Jae Won ) 국군의무사령부 2012 대한군진의학학술지 Vol.43 No.1
Objectives : To find the factors affecting the fatigue and stress in naval workers. Methods; A questionnaire investigating general characteristics, lifestyle, job characteristics, fatigue and stress was distributed to naval workers. From 1,002 subjects, 994 were included and 8 respondents with insufficient replies were excluded. Using MFS(Multidimensional Fatigue Scale), SRI(Stress Respons Inventory), KOSS(Korean Occupational Stress Scale), we estimated the fatigue, stress, and job stress, respectively. The data were analyzed to investigate the factors affecting personal fatigue and stress. Results : Naval workers in this study had potential psychosocial stress and moderate level of fatigue scale. In this study, the fatigue related factors were stress score, sleep sufficiency, service area, job demand and organizational system. The stress related factors were fatigue score, exercise, coffee, smoking, job demand, job insecurity, lack of reward and occupational climate. Conclusions : Fatigue and stress were positively correlated, but the job characteristics that affected each were different. This suggests that for effective management of fatigue and stress, the details of job characteristics need to be considered individually for the intervention and prevention of fatigue and stress.
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