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RISS 인기검색어
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- 저자 : 최형섭 ( Choi Hyungsub ) (검색결과 4 건)
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임재윤(Jae Yoon Im),최형섭(Hyungsub Choi) 역사비평사 2017 역사비평 Vol.- No.118
This article critically reviews the “model” of Korean development designed by Choi Hyung Sup, Minister of Science and Technology of the Park Chung Hee government. The model has been an active template in Korea’s official development assistance (ODA) of science and technology. This acknowledgement comes from the belief that the model was effective in the development of Korea, and it attained widespread support from senior scientists and administrators of science in Korea. In this paper the authors highlight the fact that the model was from the beginning designed to be applicable in other countries. The argument is that the model was formulated within the context of Cold War development studies supported by international organizations. Through the process, Choi’s model acquired its characteristics of emphasizing legal and institutional set-ups, the role of national leaders and the national laboratories in introducing, digesting, and improving high technology.
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기술사와 기술비평 사이에서: 한국 기술사 연구의 흐름과 전망
최형섭 ( Choi Hyungsub ) 한국과학사학회 2020 한국과학사학회지 Vol.42 No.3
This essay aims to outline the history of history of technology in South Korea from the late 1970s to the present. The history of technology in South Korea began as side projects conducted by science and engineering professors. It was only in the 1990s that professionally-trained historians of technology appeared, producing work on the history of Western and Korean technologies. The second-generation historians of technology were influenced by constructivist theories of science and technology studies (STS). In order to construct a new narrative of technology for modern Korea eschewing a developmentalist approach, it will be necessary to make further links with those humanities and social science scholars who are interested in technologies, artifacts, and the built environment.
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최형섭(Hyungsub Choi) 한국서양사연구회 2013 서양사연구 Vol.0 No.49
The discipline of materials science and engineering emerged in response to the perceived “materials bottleneck” during the high Cold War era of the late 1950s. After the Sputnik shock of 1957, U.S. policymakers aimed to foster interdisciplinary materials research in order to ensure the continued development of advanced materials for their high-tech arsenal and the stable supply of skilled manpower for the expanding militaryindustrial complex. The result was a series of interdisciplinary materials research centers at leading universities across the nation. Within the context of the Vietnam War and its aftermath, interdisciplinary research was appropriated as a solution to the “social relevance” agenda in the late 1960s. The new community of the “interdisciplinary discipline” was fully aware of the rapid social change during the long 1960s. When the scientists and engineers in the new field of materials science and engineering established a professional society for their burgeoning community in the early 1970s, they placed interdisciplinarity at the heart of their identity. The Materials Research Society, which thrives to this day, was constructed upon the principle of interdisciplinary research aiming to solve relevant social problems of the day. This paper argues that the emergence and transformation of materials science and engineering reflect the social change in the U.S. during the long 1960s.
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공업 없는 공학 ― 1950-60년대 서울대학교 공과대학의 지향과 현실
강기천 ( Kang Kichun ),최형섭 ( Choi Hyungsub ) 한국사회사학회 2018 사회와 역사 Vol.0 No.119
이 글은 본격적으로 국가 혁신 체계의 일부로 편입되기 이전 공학 교육의 사정을 서울대학교 공과대학을 중심으로 살펴본 것이다. 당시의 공과대학의 교수와 학생들은 한국전쟁 이후 전후 복구가 이루어지고 산업화가 진행되는 모습을 지켜보면서 공대 졸업생이 한국 사회에서 담당해야 하는 역할에 대해 다양한 의견을 표출했다. 특히 조선, 철강, 기계 등 아직 한국에 해당 분야 산업이 충분히 발달하지 못한 분야를 전공한 공학도들은, 배후 산업이 부재한 상황 속에서 고뇌할 수밖에 없었다. 나아가 일부 공대 교수들은 자신들의 존재 근거인 공업이 부재한 상황 속에서 해외 사례를 바탕으로 한 막연한 이상론으로 미래 비전을 구축하려는 모습을 보였다. 서울대학교 공과대학의 학보 『불암산』 및 각종 매체를 통해 드러난 공학 연구와 교육에 대한 담론은 한국의 공과대학이 기능 인력을 양성하는 직업훈련소와 과학기술 교육 및 연구 기관 사이에서 스스로의 자리를 모색하려는 모습을 드러내는 자료이다. 서울대학교 공과대학의 공학도들은 한국전쟁 이후 미국으로부터 상당한 규모의 원조를 받아 전후 복구 사업을 진행했고, 이를 계기로 제2차 세계대전 이후 미국의 공과대학들이 차지하고 있었던 것과 유사한 역할을 맡게 되리라는 생각을 품었다. 하지만 서울공대 교수들의 미국화(Americanization) 구상은 불완전할 수밖에 없었다. 후발 산업화를 막 시작한 한국의 맥락이 미국의 그것과 달랐을 뿐 아니라, 한국의 정치 지도자들이 대학을 국가 개발 프로젝트의 파트너로 받아들이지 않았기 때문이었다. 공과대학이 나아갈 수 있는 방향은 외부의 영향으로 특정한 방향으로 제한/굴절되었고, 한국 사회에서 공과대학의 역할이 오늘날 우리가 당연시하는 것과 달라졌을 가능성도 있었다. 공과대학이 오늘날과 같은 형태가 된 것은 오히려 1960년대의 현실과 맞지 않는 지향점을 당시 공과대학이 좇았기 때문이었다. This article examines the situation of engineering education before it was integrated into the national innovation system by focusing on the College of Engineering, Seoul National University (SNU) in the 1950s and 60s. During this period, the faculty members and students of the College of Engineering expressed various opinions on the role engineering graduates should assume within the context of South Korean society undergoing postwar recovery and industrialization. In particular, students in fields lacking mature industry, such as naval architecture, metallurgy, and mechanical engineering, were bound in a dilemma. Moreover, some faculty members of the College of Engineering, with no industry to refer to, tried to construct a vision of the future of engineering based on foreign cases, especially the United States. The discourses on engineering research and education found in Bulam Mountain, the official magazine the SNU College of Engineering and other media show that colleges of engineering in Korea struggled to secure their place somewhere between a vocational school training technical experts for industry and an institute for research and education on “engineering science” training researchers. The SNU College of Engineering began to recover from the damage of the Korean War with U.S. aid, and constructed a vision that SNU will assume a role similar to that of American engineering schools within post-World War II United States. However, the South Korean vision of Americanization was inherently incomplete. Not only was its context of late industrialization vastly different than that of the United States, but also the South Korean political leaders during the 1950s and 60s refused to accept universities as partners in the project of national development. As a result, engineering education in Korea pursued an ideal that was markedly removed from the harsh realities of the South Korean industry of the time.
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