Cadmium이 생쥐 간장과 신장의 몇가지 효소활성 및 미세구조에 미치는 영향

이규석,유창규,최임순,Lee, Keu-Seok,Yoo, Chang-Kyu,Choe, Rim-Soon 한국현미경학회 1987 Applied microscopy Vol.17 No.1

The present experiment was performed to investigate the acute effects of cadmium on ultrastructural and biochemical changes in mouse kidney and compare these changes with liver damage. Mouse were injected with cadmium chloride at a dose of 5 mg/kg body weight. After treatment, mouse were sacrificed at time intervals of 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours. It was observed that ultrastructural changes in mouse kidney were composed of swelling of mitochondria, dilation in endoplasmic reticulum, wrinkling at basal infolded membrane, formation of autophagosome and partial loss of microvilli in brush. border, and that ultrastructural changes in liver were mitochondrial change, dilation and deterioration of rough endoplasmic reticulum and proliferation of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Biochemical effects of cadmium were more severe on liver than kidney. Therefore, acutely injected cadmium caused not only liver damage, but also kidney damage.

Cadmium 과 Copper 의 영향에 의한 생쥐 신장조직의 미세구조에 관한 연구

유창규,최임순 ( Chang Kyu Yoo,Rim Soon Choe ) 한국환경생물학회 1985 환경생물 : 환경생물학회지 Vol.3 No.1

This study was made to investigate the structural effect of cadmium and copper on the kidney tissue of male mouse in I.C.R. strain. This was accomplished by comparing the control group with the experimental group dosed by CdCl_2 and CuSO_4. Its were administered into the abdomal cavity with a syringe in the solutoin of 1㎎, 5㎎ and 10㎎ per kilogram body weight. The change of an ultrastructure followed to the poisoning phenomenon that appered after the passing 24 hours 48 hours could be observed through the electron microscopic method. In the case of cadmium 1㎎ experimental group, the microvilli of brush border showed the tendency of becoming shorter and destroyed in comparison with control group in proximal convoluted tubule, and more ribosomes and vacuoles appeared than the control group in irregular arrangement. In the case of cadmium 5㎎ experimental group, more vacuoles were observed comparing with cadmium 1㎎ experimental group, and the cell that is between the uriniferous tubule showde the even destroyed forms and a large number of lipid droplet and vacuoles appeared. In 5㎎ copper treated group, it was showed that chromatins were slightly agglutinated, electron density of mitochondrial cristae was low and several lysosomes in the cytoplasm appeared. More agglutinations of chromatins were observed in 10 ㎎ copper treated group. So, it is considered that copper affect on the distribution of chromatins in te nucleus and inhibit mitochondrial functins. In the case of cadmium 10 ㎎ experimental group, a lot of vacuoles and high-elected ribosomes were appeared and furthermore, many lysosomes were appeared. Mitochondia was also little swelled and this phenomenon seemed that it is caused by the restriction of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation.

계절에 따른 Electron Microscopic Block 상태의 변화

손성향,유창규,최임순,Sohn, Seong-Hyang,Yoo, Chang-Kyu,Choe, Rim-Soon 한국현미경학회 1989 Applied microscopy Vol.19 No.2

The specimens for electron microscopic observation made in different seasons have different qualities even though they are made by the same procedure. We observed the various specimens made in each four season. As the results, we concluded that the different specimen conditions were caused by the humidity and penetrability of various solution into the block. In spring, fall and winter, the quality of specimen is good and the difference with one another is not found. But in summer, the specimen have worse quality than in other seasons and not good for sectioning process and observation. In summer with high humidity, we can gain better specimens by eliminating the humidity as much as possible in all processes, thus increasing penetration of various solutions into the specimen.

납(Pb)이 생쥐 신장세포에 미토콘드리아 미세구조 및 전자전달계에 미치는 영향

임승섭,유정규,최임순,Lim, Seung-Sub,Yoo, Chang-Kyu,Choe, Rim-Soon 한국현미경학회 1987 Applied microscopy Vol.17 No.2

To investigate the effects of lead on the electron transport system and ultrastructure of mouse kidney mitochondria, various lead acetate concentrations were treated in vitro and respiration rate, enzyme activities were measured. Ultrastructural changes at state IV respiration were also observed. To compare with in vivo experiments, mouse were injected intraperitoneally of 100 mg lead acetate per kg body weight and state IV respiration rate and enzyme activities were measured. Ultrastructure of renal proximal tubular cells were also observed. In in vitro treatement, decreased state IV respiration, decreased enzyme activities, ruptured membranes and inhibition of condensed to orthodox transformation were observed. In in vivo treatment, decreased state IV respiration and decreased enzyme activities were observed after 24 hrs of i.p. injection. Cytochrome c oxidase activity showed twice the inhibition compared to NADH-CoQ reductase activity at 24 hrs. Continuous decreased state IV respiration was observed after 48 and 72 hrs of injection, however, the enzyme activities were increased to control level. Lead-protein complex which probably inhibits the toxic effects of lead appeared. To conclude, dominant effect of lead on the electron transport system appeared at cytochrome c oxidase activity, and the increased enzyme activities may be a result of appearance of lead-protein complex.

생쥐 간세포 Mitochondria의 전자전달계에 미치는 Chromium(VI)의 영향

부문종,유창규,최임순,Boo, Moon-Jong,Yoo, Chang-Kyu,Choe, Rim-Soon 한국현미경학회 1987 Applied microscopy Vol.17 No.1

To study hexavalent chromium effects on mitochondrial electron transport, the activities of electron transport enzymes and conformational change of mitochondria treated with $40{\mu}M$ of sodium dichromate ($Na_{2}Cr_{2}O_{7}\;2H_{2}O$) were investigated. And so were those of liver mitochondria isolated from mouse intraperitoneally injected with sodium dichromate, 40mg per kg body weight. On both treatment with chromium(VI), the activities of electron transfer enzymes (Complex I and IV) were increased to some extent and the ultrastructural transformation of mitochondria from a condensed to an orthodox conformation was inhibited under State IV respiration. These results represent' inhibitory effect of hexavalent chromium on electron transport without inhibiting electron transfer enzymes (Complex I and IV) in mitochondria. On intraperitoneal treatment with hexavalent chromium as sodium dichromate and trivalent chromium as chromic chloride, containing 37.5 mg of chromium per kg body weight, respectively, the activities of electron transfer enzymes of liver isolated from mouse with chromium(VI) was reduced, but that with chromium(III) was not affected. And with chromium(VI), all mice after 12 hours of treatment died, only after 6 hours survived. With chromium(III), however, all survived. This indicates that hexavalent chromium is more toxic than trivalent chromiumin mouse liver.

초산납이 생쥐 간뇌의 미세구조 및 Catecholamine 대사에 미치는 영향

이정희,유창규,최임순,Lee, Jung-Hee,Yoo, Chang-Kyu,Choe, Rim-Soon 한국현미경학회 1988 Applied microscopy Vol.18 No.2

The present experiment was performed to investigate the acute and subacute effect of lead acetate on ultrastructural and biochemical changes in mouse diencephalon. In acute case, mouse were peritoneally injected with lead acetate at a dose of 0.26 mmole/kg body weight, and after treatment, mouse were sacrificed at time intervals of 12, 24, 48, and 96 hours. In subacute case, mouse were injected at doses of 0.07 mmoie/kg B. W. and 0.13 mmole/kg B.W. once at two days, and after treatment, mouse wee sacrificed at 1 week, 2 weeks, and 3 weeks. It was observed that after acute treatment, changes composed of increased monoamine oxidase activity, $Na^{+}-K^{+}$ ATPase activity, decreased $Mg^{2+}$-APTase activity, wrinkled myelin, swollen Golgi apparatus and more dense synaptic vesicle in nerve terminal. After subacute treatment, decreased monoamine oxidase activity, increased $Mg^{2+}$-ATPase, $Na^{+}-K^{+}$ ATPase, lose of myelin, uneven mitochondrial distribution, synaptic vesicular density and edema, but at a higher dose the effect was more severe. Therefore, lead acetate caused abnormal change of diencephalon, and at a subacute, it appears metal accumulative toxicity.

납(Pb)이 생쥐 대뇌피질내 몇 가지 효소황성 및 미세구조에 미치는 영향

이서은,유정규,최임순,Lee, Seo-Eun,Yoo, Chang-Kyu,Choe, Rim-Soon 한국현미경학회 1987 Applied microscopy Vol.17 No.2

This experiment was performed to investigate the acute and chronic effects of lead on cerebral cortex. In acute treatment, mouse were injected with lead acetate at dose of 0.3 mmole/kg body weight, and in chronic treatment, mouse were supplied 0.03 M lead acetate sol. in the place of water. After treatment, mouse were sacrificed at time intervals of 24, 48, 72, and 96 hours in acute treatment and at time intervals of 4 weeks and 8 weeks in chronic treatment. In acute treatment, acetylcholinesterase activity is reduced at 72 hours and recovered at 96 hours in homogenate, and reduced at 24 hours and recovered at 72 hours in crude synaptosomes. In chronic treatment, acetylcholinesterase activity is increased in young mouse but reduced in mother mouse. Ultrastructural changes were composed of swelling of Golgi apparatus, nerve terminals with diminished synaptic vesicles, and vacuolated myeline lamellae of myelinated axon.

재생중인 흰쥐 간세포의 조직화학적 미세구조 관찰

최치용,손성향,유창규,최임순,Choi, Chee-Yong,Sohn, Seong-Hyang,Yoo, Chang-Kyu,Choe, Rim-Soon 한국현미경학회 1988 Applied microscopy Vol.18 No.2

An ultrastructural study of hepatocyte proliferation in the regenerating rat liver has been made by means of the partial hepatectomy. And electron microscopic histochemistry of hepatocyte in the regenerating rat liver is studied through alkaline phosphatase reaction. The results are as follows: 1. When the regeneration of rat liver is induced by the partial hepatectomy, the prominent ultrastructural characteristics of hepatocyte are changes of the distribution of chromatin in nucleus, increase of the number of mitochondria and decrease of the size of them, development of rough endoplasmic reticulum, and transient decrease of glycogen granules in cytoplasm. 2. Alkaline phosphatase reaction products are appeared in the nucleus or rough endoplasmic reticulum of hepatocyte during the initial regeneration of liver as 24, 48 and 72 hour groups after partial hepatectomy. And these positive reaction are mainly increased in cytoplasm and plasma membrane of hepatocytes during 1, 2 and 3 week groups after partial hepatectomy. As 4 weeks passed after partial hepatectomy, these positive reaction is located in the sinusoidal epithelial cells or erythrocytes. With above results, we concluded that alkaline phosphatase was synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum bounded ribosomes of regenerating hepatocyte, was transported to the plasma membrane of them, and then was transported in blood by the way sinusoidel epithelial cells.

계배 뇌 발생에 있어서 신경세포의 Acid Phosphatase 변화에 관한 효소화학적 연구

고기석,신주옥,유창규,최임순,Koh, Ki-Seok,Shin, Chu-Og,Yoo, Chang-Kyu,Choe, Rim-Soon 한국현미경학회 1988 Applied microscopy Vol.18 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the differentiation and degeneration of neurons in developing chick embryo. The activity of acid phosphatase(ACP) was measured and cytochemical study of ACP and ultrastructural changes were observed in prosencephalon, mesencephalon and rhombencephalon from day 4 to day 19 of incubation. As a result, the activity of ACP of all brain region was tend to increase from day 4 to day 19. On day 13, activities of ACP of mesencephalon and rhombencephalon were increased greatly and activity of ACP was decreased each region on day 17. On electron microscopic examination, the reaction product of ACP were localized at GERL complex, lysosome, Golgi body and vacuoles of neurons. Morphologically, disrupted nuclear envelope, mitochondrial destruction, vacuolization and ribosomal crystalization were observed.

카드뮴(Cd)처리에 의한 생쥐 십이지장의 미세구조에 관한 연구

劉昌奎,崔林淳 연세대학교 자연과학연구소 1987 學術論文集 Vol.18 No.-

중금속 Cd이 생쥐(ICR계통)의 십이지장 조직에 미치는 형태학적 변화를 규명하기 위하여 CdCl_2 형태의 시료를 농도별로 복강 내에 주사한 실험군과 생리적 식염수만을 투여한 대조군을 전자현미경으로 비교 관찰하였다. 그 결과 체중 kg당 1 mg의 CdCl_2를 처리한 실험군에서는 세포질 전체의 전자밀도가 점차적으로 낮아졌으며, 에너지대사에 관여하는 mitochondria cristae부분의 과도한 소실현상이 나타나 공포화되는 경향으로 관찰되었다. 그러나 CdCl_2 10mg 투여시 나타나는 형태학적 변화는 mitochondria 내부의 구조가 점차 치밀해지는 것으로 나타났고 핵질부에서는 염색질의 분리와 응축현상이 관찰되었다. 따라서 Cd는 핵 내의 염색질 분포에 영향을 주며, 세포질 내에서는 에너지대사에 관여하는 mitochondria기능의 저해물질로 생각된다. This study was made to investigate the ulrastructural changes of the male mouse(ICR strain) Duodenum tissue affected by Cadmium(Cd). Cd, as a form of CdCl_2, was injected intraperitoneally to separate groups. The experimental group was injected with chased concentration of Cd, while the control group was injected with saline. The resulted changes were as follows. In the experimental group injected with 1 mg/kg CdCl_2, the electrodensity of the cytoplasm as a whole was gradually decreased and the internal structure of the mitochondria related to energy metabolism was impaired. In the experimental group injected with 5 mg/kg CdCl_2, the remarkable changes excess impairment of the mitochondria cristae, leading to vacuolation. While, with 10 mg/kg CdCl_2, the appeared morphological changes were that the internal structure of the mitochondria tend gradually to compact. Furthermore, the separation and aggregation of the chromatin was seen in the nucleus. Accordingly, it was thought that the CdCl_2 can affect the distribution of the nuclear chromatin, inhibit the mitochondrial function related to energy metabolism.