[제도·정책] 건설산업의 탄소중립을 위한 제도와 정책

지창윤 국토연구원 2024 국토 : planning and policy Vol.507 No.-

초등학교 건축물의 생애주기 동안 에너지사용량 및 이산화탄소 배출량 평가

지창윤,홍태훈,정재욱 한국건설관리학회 2016 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.17 No.3

This study investigates and analyzes the total amount of energy consumption and CO2 emission during the material manufacturing, transportation, construction, operation, and disposal phases of eight elementary school buildings in South Korea. Toward this ends, the hybrid LCA model is proposed. The life cycle energy consumption and CO2 emission of eight case buildings are assessed using the hybrid LCA model with an assumption that the operation period is 40 years. As a result, the embodied(sum of the energy consumption in the material manufacturing, transportation and construction phases), operational and disposal energy were 2,279, 11,182, 228 Mcal/m2, respectively, on average. The average embodied, operational, and disposal CO2 emission were 604, 2,708, 60 kg-CO2/m2, respectively, on average. This result indicates that about 17% of life cycle energy (or CO2 emission) is consumed in the material manufacturing, transportation and construction phases. Thus, it is necessary to consider the embodied energy and CO2 emission to reduce the life cycle energy and CO2 emission of school buildings. In addition, while the insulation standard of building have been provided based on the climate zone, energy consumption in operation phase still varied depending on the regions in this study. Thus, the insulation standard of building needs to be improved through considering the climate of regions in detail.

초등학교 건축물의 생애주기 에너지사용량 및 이산화탄소 배출량 평가

지창윤,홍태훈,정재욱,Ji, Changyoon,Hong, Taehoon,Jeong, Jaewook 한국건설관리학회 2016 한국건설관리학회 논문집 Vol.17 No.3

This study investigates and analyzes the total amount of energy consumption and $CO_2$ emission during the material manufacturing, transportation, construction, operation, and disposal phases of eight elementary school buildings in South Korea. Toward this ends, the hybrid LCA model is proposed. The life cycle energy consumption and $CO_2$ emission of eight case buildings are assessed using the hybrid LCA model with an assumption that the operation period is 40 years. As a result, the embodied(sum of the energy consumption in the material manufacturing, transportation and construction phases), operational and disposal energy were 2,279, 11,182, $228Mcal/m^2$, respectively, on average. The average embodied, operational, and disposal $CO_2$ emission were 604, 2,708, 60 kg-$CO_2/m^2$, respectively, on average. This result indicates that about 17% of life cycle energy (or $CO_2$ emission) is consumed in the material manufacturing, transportation and construction phases. Thus, it is necessary to consider the embodied energy and $CO_2$ emission to reduce the life cycle energy and $CO_2$ emission of school buildings. In addition, while the insulation standard of building have been provided based on the climate zone, energy consumption in operation phase still varied depending on the regions in this study. Thus, the insulation standard of building needs to be improved through considering the climate of regions in detail. 본 연구에서는 LCA 모델을 이용하여 8개 초등학교 건축물의 생애주기 에너지사용량 및 이산화탄소 배출량을 평가 분석하였다. 이를 위하여, 자재생산, 자재운송, 시공, 운영, 해체 폐기단계를 포함하는 건축물 생애주기에서의 에너지사용량 및 이산화탄소 배출량을 평가할 수 있는 LCA 기반의 평가모델을 정의하고, 모델을 이용하여 사례 건축물을 평가하였다. 40년의 운영기간을 가정하여 평가한 결과, 내재에너지(즉, 자재생산, 자재운송, 시공단계 에너지사용량의 합), 운영에너지, 해체 폐기에너지는 평균적으로 2,279, 11,182, 228 Mcal/m2로 산출되었다. 각 단계별 평균 이산화탄소 배출량은 604, 2,708, 60 kg-CO2/m2로 산출되었다. 평가결과는 생애주기 에너지사용량 및 이산화탄소 배출량의 약 17%가 자재생산, 자재운송, 시공단계에서 발생한다는 사실을 보여준다. 따라서 건축물의 에너지사용량 및 이산화탄소 배출량 감축 목표를 달성하기 위해서는 내재에너지 및 이산화탄소 배출량이 반드시 고려되어야 할 것이다. 게다가, 운영에너지는 지역에 따라 확연하게 구분되는 반면, 내재에너지는 지역에 따른 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 운영단계의 에너지 사용량 편차를 줄이기 위해서는 지역에 따라 보다 상세하게 구분된 단열 기준이 제시되어야 할 것이다.

Embodied and Operational CO2 Emissions of the Elementary School Buildings in Different Climate Zones

지창윤,홍태훈,정광복,김지민,구충완,이민현,한승우,강영철 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.4

Life cycle CO2 emissions (LCCEs) including embodied and operational CO2 emissions (ECEs and OCEs) should be comprehensively understood for establishing strategies for reducing CO2emissions of buildings. Meanwhile, as the climate has a huge impact on building energy consumption, ECEs and OCEs should be investigated considering the climate. This study investigated the relation between ECEs and OCEs of buildings in different climate zones by conducting life cycle assessment and statistical analysis of 39 elementary school buildings in South Korea. As a result, the climate zone was determined to be the significant influence factors. The mean values of ECEs, OCEs, and LCCEs in central region were 611, 2,817, and 3,428 kg-CO2/m2, respectively, and those in southern region were 620, 1,652, and 2,273 kg-CO2/m2. The OCEs in central region was significantly higher than that in southern region, but the ECEs was not. In particular, ECEs and OCEs had a significant inverse correlation in central region but not in southern region. The results indicate that different strategies should be established depending on the climate zone. For instance, the thermal insulation levels should be further strengthened to reduce OCEs in central region compared to those of southern region.

전과정평가 모델을 이용한 초등학교 건축물 환경영향 평가 및 비교기준 수립

지창윤,홍태훈,정재욱,Ji, Changyoon,Hong, Taehoon,Jeong, Jaewook 한국건설관리학회 2015 건설관리 : 한국건설관리학회 학회지 Vol.16 No.3

신축 녹색건축물의 환경영향 감축 효과를 평가하기 위해서는 비교를 위한 기존 건축물에 대한 환경영향 결과가 필요하다. 본 연구는 비교 기준을 제시하기 위하여, 많은 기존 건축물에 대한 환경영향을 사례 분석하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 이를 위하여, 산업연관표와 에너지원별 목록분석 데이터(LCI)를 기반으로 하는 LCA 모델을 이용하여 서울, 부산, 대구, 광주 지역의 17개 초등학교 건축물에 대한 환경영향(지구온난화지수, 오존층파괴지수, 산성화지수, 부영양화지수, 광화학산화지수, 자원고갈지수)을 평가하였다. 평가 결과, 초등학교 건축물의 환경영향은 연면적, 사용에너지원의 차이에 따라서는 큰 차이를 보이지 않은 반면, 지역에 따라 명확하게 구분되는 것으로 나타났다. 이에 따라, 본 연구에서는 지역에 따라 구분된 비교 기준을 제시하였다. 예를 들어, 서울, 부산, 대구, 광주 지역에서의 GWP에 대한 비교 기준은 각각 3.76E+03, 1.90E+03, 2.63E+03, $2.81E+03kg-CO_2\;eq./m^2$로 나타났다. 제시된 결과는 신축 녹색 초등학교 건축물의 환경영향 저감 효과를 파악하는데 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. In order to determine how much a new green building reduce the environmental impacts, it is necessary to establish the reference target for comparison. Therefore, this study aims to establish the reference target by evaluating the environmental impacts of existing buildings. To ensure this end, this study evaluated the environmental impacts(Global warming potential, ozone layer depletion potential, acidification potential, eutrophication potential, photochemical ozone creation potential, and abiotic depletion potential) of 17 existing elementary school buildings, which are located in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, and Gwangju, by using the hybrid LCA model. As a result, the environmental impacts of the case buildings were clearly distinguished in different regions. Therefore, this study presented the reference targets which are appropriate to each region. For example, the reference targets for global warming potential, which can be used in Seoul, Busan, Daegu, and Gwangju, are 3.76E+03, 1.90E+03, 2.63E+03, $2.81E+03kg-CO_2\;eq./m^2$, respectively. The presented reference targets are expected to be useful for understanding how much environmental impacts can be reduced when a new green school building is constructed.

단독주택과 아파트의 준공시기에 따른 에너지소비 특성 비교

지창윤(Ji, Chang-Yoon),최민석(Choi, Min-Seok),신성은(Shin, Sung-Eun) 대한건축학회 2018 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.38 No.1

국가 건물에너지 통합DB 기반 건물부문 온실가스 배출현황

지창윤(Ji, Chang-Yoon),최민석(Choi, Min-Seok),권오인(Gwon, Oh-In),정하림(Jung, Ha-Rim),신성은(Shin, Sung-Eun) 대한건축학회 2020 大韓建築學會論文集 : 構造系 Vol.36 No.4

This study analyzes in detail greenhouse gas emissions in building sector. To this end, this study used data on building characteristics (including building type, region, and construction year) and monthly energy consumptions (including electricity, city gas, and district heat) for all buildings from 2015 to 2018. These data were collected from the National Building Energy Database and the energy consumptions were converted into greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The total amount of GHG emissions from the building sector has increased steadily from 2015 (118.1MtCO2eq.) to 2018 (132.6MtCO2eq.). On the other hand, the more recently constructed buildings had lower GHG intensities. This result shows that strengthening building design criteria was effective on the reduction of GHG emissions in buildings, and that the increased buildings contributed to increasing GHG emissions of the building sector. In addition, sales facilities are thought to have the largest reduction potential as they had the highest amount of GHG emissions and GHG intensity. This study is expected to help establish new policies for GHG reduction in building sector as well as to evaluate the effects of existing policies.

건축물 도시가스 사용량의 상세용도별 분류 방법

지창윤(Ji, Chang-Yoon),최민석(Choi, Min-Seok),신성은(Shin, Sung-Eun) 대한건축학회 2017 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.37 No.2

주거용 건물의 특성에 따른 단위면적당 온실가스 배출량 분석

지창윤(Ji, Chang-Yoon),신성은(Shin, Sung-Eun),최민석(Choi, Min-Seok),박차현(Park, Cha-Hyun) 대한건축학회 2017 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.37 No.2

This study aims to determine the greenhouse gas emissions intensity (GEI) of residential buildings (detached houses, row house, multiplex house, and apartment complex) in Seoul. To this end, this study collects data on GHG emissions and characteristics(type, scale, construction year, and heating type) of 245,833 cases ana complements the statistical analysis using R. The results of statistical analysis are as follows. The more recent the buildings were constructed, the smaller the GEI is. In particular, the most dramatic decline of GEI was observed in single-family homes. Nevertheless, the GEI of single-family houses was higher than that of apartment complexes. In the case of apartment complex, the GEI decreased with the increase of the floor area. In addition, the GEI of the apartment complex using city gas heating was lower than those using district heating. The results show the validity of the greenhouse gas reduction policy for large buildings. In addition, it is also expected to help establish new policies.

빅데이터 분석을 통한 건물에너지 감축정책의 효과 평가

지창윤(Changyoon Ji),최민석(Minseok Choi),신성은(Sungeun Shin) 한국태양에너지학회 2017 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.10