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진공 보조 공기 간극형 막증류법 성능에 대한 막 변형의 영향
김유식 ( Yusik Kim ),최용준 ( Yongjun Choi ),조형락 ( Hyeongrak Cho ),이상호 ( Sangho Lee ) 한국물환경학회 2020 한국물환경학회·대한상하수도학회 공동 춘계학술발표회 Vol.2020 No.-
Membrane distillation (MD) is a promising technology for seawater desalination, wastewater reclamation, and zero liquid discharge due to its many advantages. Among various process configurations, air gap membrane distillation (AGMD) has been widely adopted for practical applications. Nevertheless, there are inherent limitations in AGMD, leading to low flux and productivity. Recently, a few studies have attempted a vacuum assisted AGMD (V-AGMD) to overcome this drawback. Nevertheless, little information is available on factors affecting the performance of V-AGMD. Accordingly, our work focused on the effect of applied vacuum on the membrane in V-AGMD. Experiments were carried out in a laboratory-scale V-AGMD set-up. Commercial flat sheet membranes were used for these experiments. A mathematical model was developed and applied to analyze the experimental results. After the experiments, the membranes were taken out from the module and examined using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle (CA), and liquid entry pressures (LEPs) measurements. Results showed that the MD flux increased with increasing the degree of the applied vacuum. However, the measured flux was higher than the calculated flux from the theoretical model. The visual examination of the membranes after the experiments confirmed that the membranes were deformed by the vacuum even. The degree of the membrane deformation was significant when spacers were not used to support the membrane. The deformation became more serious with an increase in the depth of the air gap. The SEM results revealed that the pore size of the membrane increased with the membrane deformation. The effect of the membrane deformation on CA, LEP, and salt rejection was also investigated. These results strongly suggest that the control of the membrane deformation is critical for design and operation of V-AGMD systems.