http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
임상연구 : 전슬관절치환술 후 지속적인 3-in-1 신경차단과 정맥내 통증자가조절의 술 후 진통에 관한 비교
박창길 ( Chang Kil Park ),조정하 ( Jung Ha Cho ),조춘규 ( Choon Kyu Cho ),김영주 ( Young Ju Kim ) 대한마취과학회 2006 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.51 No.1
Background: Severe postoperative pain can delay knee rehabilitation and prolong the duration of convalescence after a total knee replacement (TKR). This study compared a continuous 3-in-1 block using a patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) technique and IV PCA for analgesia after a unilateral TKR. Methods: Forty patients scheduled for an elective TKR under spinal anesthesia were randomly divided into two groups. Group 1 received an IV PCA with butorphanol and ketorolac. Group 2 received a continuous 3-in-1 block performed with 20 ml of 0.25% bupivacaine and epinephrine 1:200,000, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.125% bupivacaine through a femoral catheter at a rate of 2 ml/h plus 1 ml PCA boluses of a lockout time of 10 min. The level of pain was assessed at rest and during continuous passive motion using a visual analog scale (VAS). The VAS pain scores, nausea and vomiting were recorded in the postanesthetic care unit, at 6 PM on the day of operation, and at 8 AM and 6 PM on postoperative days 1 and 2, respectively. The duration of surgery, anesthesia time, blood loss, and hospital stay were compared. Results: The patients in Group 2 reported lower VAS pain scores than those in Group 1 (P < 0.05). The duration of surgery, nausea and vomiting, blood loss, and hospital stay were similar in the two groups except for the anesthesia time. Conclusions: A continuous 3-in-1 block with a PCA technique provides better pain relief than IV PCA with butorphanol and ketorolac after TKR. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2006; 51: 76~81)
척수자극술을 이용한 특발성 횡단성 척수염 환자에서의 신경병증 통증 치료 -증례보고-
이청 ( Cheong Lee ),조정하 ( Jung Ha Cho ),양헌주 ( Heon Ju Yang ),이종혁 ( Jong Hyuk Lee ),우성창 ( Sung Chang Woo ),김영주 ( Young Ju Kim ),박동호 ( Dong Ho Park ),정지현 ( Ji Hyun Chung ) 대한마취과학회 2009 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.56 No.3
We present a patient with intractable neuropathic pain because of idiopathic transverse myelitis unresponsive to medical treatment. After a successful trial of spinal cord stimulation, a permanent stimulator was implanted. Improvement was noted in visual analogue scale, medication usage and daily function. Spinal cord stimulation may offer a therapeutic option for patients with neuropathic pain resulting from transverse myelitis and should be considered when other treatments are failed. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2009; 56: 358∼61)
고분자캐패시터에 대한 충방전 조건에서의 온도에 따른 정전용량감소 특성 연구
정의효(Ui-Hyo Jeong),임홍우(Hong-Woo Lim),형재필(Jae-Phil Hyung),고민지(Min-Ji Ko),정창욱(Chang-Uk Jung),조정하(Jeong-Ha Cho),장중순(Joong-Soon Jang) 한국신뢰성학회 2017 신뢰성응용연구 Vol.17 No.1
Purpose: Polymer capacitors are known to have very high reliability as compared with liquid electrolytic capacitors, but their capacity has been reported to decrease in charge and discharge at low temperature. The purpose of this study to clarify these characteristics. Methods: In order to clarify these characteristics, charging-discharging tests were carried out for 200 hours with three different capacities and at 5 different temperature from 5℃ to 100℃. Results: As a result of the test, it was confirmed that the capacity of the polymer capacitor was decreased with higher capacity and lower temperature. Conclusion: Such a failure phenomenon was caused by the shrinkage and expansion characteristics of the polymer used therein, it is presumed that this failure phenomenon is due to the complex pore structure made by etching.
조정하 동아대학교 어학연구소 1997 언어와 언어교육 Vol.12 No.-
AbstractReading is a complicated meaning process by interaction between the text and the reader. Yet, the reading courses in Korea have weighed on a text-centered learning adn ignored cognitve components. As a result, there have been very little knowledge and data about reading processes of Korean students.In view of this, this paper aims to introduce a verbal report, which requires the readers to verbalize what they thinking as they read. In order to verify the importance of verbal reports, the information processing model and analytic requirements are reviewed.This study also presents values of verbal reports. Verbal report reflects a view of readers' internal process, improves reading comprehension, provides a scientific basis as a analytic method for abstract cognition. In short, verbal report, I think, is an useful and valuable method for observing cognitive processes. If this method develops the analysis system it will be able to provide exact and endless data for reading process.
The Concepts and Application of Metacognition in Summary Process
Cho, Jung-Ha 동아대학교 어학연구소 2002 언어와 언어교육 Vol.17 No.-
이 연구는 상인인지의 이론적인 개념을 알고 요약과정에서 이러한 개념이 어떻게 적용되어지는가를 살펴보고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 그러므로, 이 연구에서는 우선 상인인지를 구성하는 두 가지 하위개념인 상인인지 지식과 상위인지 방략의 개념을 살펴보고, 이러한 두 개념의 상호관계에 대해서 논한다. 그리고 이 두 개념이 요약과정에서 어떻게 적용되는가를 알아보고자, 본 연구자는 요약과정의 경험을 바탕으로 한 가설적인 시나리오를 제시한다. 본 연구자의 시나리오에서는 요약과정을 읽기 과정, 중간 과정, 그리고 쓰기 과정의 세 단계로 구분하고 이 과정을 통하여 상인인지 지식과 상위인지 방략이 적용되는 과정을 설명한다. 마지막으로 본 연구는 상인인지가 요약을 학습하고 가리치는 학습자와 교사의 입장에서 자기 조정적 및 자기 지시적 학습이 될 수 있으며, 요약학습을 독립적인 학습으로 이끌어 줄 수 있는 효과적인 방안임을 함축한다.